Editing Personality (section)

== Environmental influences ==
It has been shown that personality traits are more malleable by environmental influences than researchers originally believed.<ref name="Briley2014" /><ref name="Jeronimus2014">{{Cite journal |last1=Jeronimus |first1=Bertus F. |last2=Riese |first2=Harriëtte |last3=Sanderman |first3=Robbert |last4=Ormel |first4=Johan |date=2014 |title=Mutual reinforcement between neuroticism and life experiences: A five-wave, 16-year study to test reciprocal causation. |journal=Journal of Personality and Social Psychology |volume=107 |issue=4 |pages=751–764 |doi=10.1037/a0037009 |pmid=25111305}}</ref> Personality differences predict the occurrence of life experiences.<ref name="Jeronimus2014" />

One study has shown how the home environment, specifically the types of parents a person has, can affect and shape their personality. Mary Ainsworth's [[strange situation]] experiment showcased how babies reacted to having their mother leave them alone in a room with a stranger. The different styles of attachment, labeled by Ainsworth, were Secure, Ambivalent, avoidant, and disorganized. Children who were securely attached tend to be more trusting, sociable, and are confident in their day-to-day life. Children who were disorganized were reported to have higher levels of anxiety, anger, and risk-taking behavior.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Kail |first1=Robert |title=Children and Their Development |last2=Barnfield |first2=Anne |publisher=Pearson |year=2014 |isbn=978-0-205-99302-4}}{{pn|date=December 2019}}</ref>

[[Judith Rich Harris]]'s group socialization theory postulates that an individual's peer groups, rather than parental figures, are the primary influence of personality and behavior in adulthood. Intra- and intergroup processes, not dyadic relationships such as parent-child relationships, are responsible for the transmission of culture and for environmental modification of children's personality characteristics. Thus, this theory points at the peer group representing the environmental influence on a child's personality rather than the parental style or home environment.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Harris |first=Judith Rich |date=1995 |title=Where is the child's environment? A group socialization theory of development |journal=Psychological Review |volume=102 |issue=3 |pages=458–489 |doi=10.1037/0033-295x.102.3.458}}</ref>

Tessuya Kawamoto's ''Personality Change from Life Experiences: Moderation Effect of Attachment Security'' talked about some significant laboratory tests. The study mainly focused on the effects of life experiences on change in personality and life experiences. The assessments suggested that "the accumulation of small daily experiences may work for the personality development of university students and that environmental influences may vary by individual susceptibility to experiences, like attachment security".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kawamoto |first=Tetsuya |date=April 2016 |title=Personality Change from Life Experiences: Moderation Effect of Attachment Security |journal=Japanese Psychological Research |volume=58 |issue=2 |pages=218–231 |doi=10.1111/jpr.12110 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

Some studies suggest that a shared family environment between siblings has less influence on personality than individual experiences of each child. Identical twins have similar personalities largely because they share the same genetic makeup rather than their shared environment.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Role of the Environment in Shaping Personality |publisher=The Great Courses Daily |date=December 27, 2019 |url=https://www.thegreatcoursesdaily.com/the-role-of-the-environment-in-shaping-personality}}</ref>