Editing Pashtuns (section)

=== Iran ===
Pashtuns are also found in smaller numbers in the eastern and northern parts of [[Iran]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Windfuhr|first=Gernot|title=Iranian Languages|date=13 May 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-79704-1|pages=703–731}}</ref> Records as early as the mid-1600s report [[Durrani|Durrani Pashtuns]] living in the [[Khorasan province]] of [[Safavid Iran]].<ref>{{cite web|title=DORRĀNĪ – Encyclopaedia Iranica|url=https://iranicaonline.org/articles/dorrani-1|website=iranicaonline.org|access-date=4 April 2021}}</ref> After the short reign of the [[Hotak dynasty|Ghilji Pashtuns in Iran]], [[Nader Shah]] defeated the last independent Ghilji ruler of [[Kandahar]], [[Hussain Hotak]]. In order to secure Durrani control in southern Afghanistan, Nader Shah deported [[Hussain Hotak]] and large numbers of the [[Ghilji|Ghilji Pashtuns]] to the [[Mazandaran province]] in northern Iran. The remnants of this once sizeable exiled community, although assimilated, continue to claim Pashtun descent.<ref>{{cite web|title=ḠILZĪ – Encyclopaedia Iranica|url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/gilzi-|access-date=4 April 2021|website=iranicaonline.org|quote=Nāder Shah also defeated the last independent Ḡalzay ruler of Qandahār, Shah Ḥosayn Hotak, Shah Maḥmūd's brother in 1150/1738. Shah Ḥosayn and large numbers of the Ḡalzī were deported to Mazandarān (Marvī, pp. 543–52; Lockhart, 1938, pp. 115–20). The remnants of this once sizable exiled community, although assimilated, continue to claim Ḡalzī Pashtun descent.}}</ref> During the early 18th century, in the course of a very few years, the number of Durrani Pashtuns in Iranian Khorasan, greatly increased.<ref>{{cite web|title=DORRĀNĪ – Encyclopaedia Iranica|url=https://iranicaonline.org/articles/dorrani-1|access-date=4 April 2021|website=iranicaonline.org|quote=raided in Khorasan, and "in the course of a very few years greatly increased in numbers"}}</ref> Later the region became part of the [[Durrani Empire]] itself. The second Durrani king of Afghanistan, [[Timur Shah Durrani]] was born in [[Mashhad]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Dalrymple|first1=William|last2=Anand|first2=Anita|title=Koh-i-Noor: The History of the World's Most Infamous Diamond|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KPVrDgAAQBAJ&q=Timur+Shah+Durrani+born+mashhad&pg=PT74|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|date=2017|isbn=978-1-4088-8885-8}}</ref> Contemporary to Durrani rule in the east, [[Azad Khan Afghan]], an ethnic Ghilji Pashtun, formerly second in charge of [[Azerbaijan]] during [[Afsharid dynasty|Afsharid rule]], gained power in the western regions of Iran and [[Azerbaijan (Iran)|Azerbaijan]] for a short period.<ref>{{cite web|title=ĀZĀD KHAN AFḠĀN|url=https://iranicaonline.org/articles/azad-khan-afgan-d|access-date=4 April 2021|website=iranicaonline.org}}</ref> According to a sample survey in 1988, 75 per cent of all Afghan refugees in the [[South Khorasan province|southern part of the Iranian Khorasan province]] were Durrani Pashtuns.<ref>{{cite web|title=DORRĀNĪ – Encyclopaedia Iranica|url=https://iranicaonline.org/articles/dorrani-1|access-date=4 April 2021|website=iranicaonline.org|quote=According to a sample survey in 1988, nearly 75 percent of all Afghan refugees in the southern part of Persian Khorasan were Dorrānī, that is, about 280,000 people (Papoli-Yazdi, p. 62).}}</ref>