Editing Pan-Slavism (section)

== Pan-Slavism among South Slavs ==
{{More citations needed|section|date=July 2017}}
{{main article|Yugoslavism}}
Pan-Slavism in the south, largely advocated by [[Serbs]], would often turn to [[Russia]] for support.<ref>{{Cite book|title=War and Diplomacy: The Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878 and the Treaty of Berlin|last1=Yavus|first1=M. Hakan|last2=Sluglett|first2=Peter|publisher=University of Utah|year=2011|isbn=978-1607811503|location=Salt Lake City|pages=1–2}}</ref> The Southern Slavic movement advocated the independence of the Slavic peoples in the [[Austro-Hungarian Empire]], [[Republic of Venice]] and the [[Ottoman Empire]]. Most Serbian intellectuals sought to unite all of the Southern, Balkan Slavs, whether [[Catholicism|Catholic]] ([[Croats]], [[Slovenes]]), [[Sunni Islam|Muslim]] ([[Bosniaks]], [[Pomaks]]), or [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] ([[Serbs]], [[Macedonians (ethnic group)|Macedonians]], [[Bulgarians]]) as a "Southern-Slavic nation of three faiths".

Austria feared that Pan-Slavists would endanger the empire. In Austria-Hungary Southern Slavs were distributed among several entities: [[Slovenes]] in the Austrian part ([[Carniola]], [[Styria (duchy)|Styria]], [[Carinthia (duchy)|Carinthia]], [[Gorizia and Gradisca]], [[Trieste]], [[Istria]]), Croats and [[Serbs]] in the Hungarian part within the autonomous [[Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia]] and in the Austrian part within the autonomous [[Kingdom of Dalmatia]], and in [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], under direct control from Vienna. Owing to a different position within Austria-Hungary, several different goals were prominent among the Southern Slavs of Austria-Hungary. A strong alternative to Pan-Slavism was [[Austroslavism]],<ref name="Encyclopedia">{{Citation
 | contribution = Austro-Slavism | year = 2005
 | title = Encyclopedia of Rusyn History and Culture
 | editor1-last = Magocsi
 | editor1-first = Robert
 | editor2-last = Pop
 | editor2-first = Ivan
 | pages = 21
 | place = Toronto
 | publisher = University of Toronto Press}}</ref> especially among the Croats and Slovenes. Because the Serbs were dispersed among several regions, and the fact that they had ties to the independent [[Nation-state|nation state]] of [[Kingdom of Serbia]], they were among the strongest supporters of independence of South-Slavs from Austria-Hungary and uniting into a common state under Serbian monarchy.

When in 1863 the [[Association of Serbian Philology]] commemorated the death of [[Cyril]] a thousand years earlier, its president [[Dimitrije Matić]] talked of the creation of an "ethnically pure" Slavonic people, "With God’s help, there should be a whole Slavonic people with purely Slavonic faces and of purely Slavonic character."<ref>Association of Serbian Philology: Hiljadugodišnja 1863:4</ref>

After World War I the creation of the [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]], under [[Serbia|Serbian]] royalty of the [[Karađorđević dynasty]], united most Southern [[Slavic languages|Slavic-speaking nations]] regardless of religion and cultural background. The only ones they did not unite with were the Bulgarians. Still, in the years after the [[Second World War]], there were proposals to incorporate Bulgaria into a [[Greater Yugoslavia]] thus uniting all south [[Slavic languages|Slavic-speaking nations]] into one state.<ref>Ramet, Sabrina P.; ''The three Yugoslavias: state-building and legitimation, 1918-2005''; [[Indiana University Press]], 2006 {{ISBN|0-253-34656-8}}</ref> The idea was abandoned after the split between [[Josip Broz Tito]] and [[Joseph Stalin]] in 1948. This led to some bitter sentiment between the people of Yugoslavia and Bulgaria in the aftermath.

At the end of the Second World War, the [[Yugoslav Partisans|Partisans']] [[mixed heritage]] leader Josip Broz Tito became Yugoslav president, and the country become a socialist republic, with the motto of "[[Brotherhood and Unity]]" between its various Slavic peoples.