Editing Pale ale (section)

===American pale ale===
{{main|American pale ale}}
[[File:Sierra Nevada Pale Ale.jpg|thumb|[[Sierra Nevada Brewing Company|Sierra Nevada]] Pale Ale, a prototypical American pale ale]]

Anchor Liberty Ale, a 6% abv ale originally brewed by the [[Anchor Brewing Company]] as a special in 1975 to commemorate [[Paul Revere]]'s "Midnight Ride" in 1775, was seen by [[Michael Jackson (writer)|Michael Jackson]], a writer on beverages, as the first modern American ale.<ref name=Liberty>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=NuFJAAAAYAAJ&q=Anchor+Liberty+Ale |title=Michael Jackson's beer companion |author=Michael Jackson |pages=161–162 |publisher=Running Press |year= 1997 |access-date=8 July 2011|isbn=9780762402014 }}</ref> [[Fritz Maytag]], the owner of Anchor, visited British breweries in London, Yorkshire and [[Burton upon Trent brewing|Burton upon Trent]], picking up information about robust pale ales, which he applied when he made his American version, using just malt rather than the malt and sugar combination common in brewing at that time, and making prominent use of the American hop, [[Cascade hops|Cascade]].<ref name=Liberty/> By 1983, it was commonly found.<ref name=Liberty/><ref name=Mosher>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=JAIqQHkjXC8C&q=American+Pale+Ale&pg=PA212 |title=Tasting Beer |author=Randy Mosher |page=212 |year=2011 |publisher=Storey |access-date=8 July 2011|isbn=9781603420891 }}</ref>

The brewery thought to be the first to successfully use significant quantities of American hops in the notably hoppy style of an APA and use the specific name "pale ale" was the [[Sierra Nevada Brewing Company]].<ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=-md8xL0EBgkC&q=sierra+nevada+pale+ale+history&pg=PT120 |title=Brewing Up a Business |author=Sam Calagione|publisher=John Wiley and Sons, 2011 |access-date=8 July 2011|isbn=9781118061879 |date=2011-01-19 }}</ref> It brewed the first experimental batch of Sierra Nevada Pale Ale in November 1980,<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.sierranevada.com/brewery/about-us/our-story |title=Sierra Nevada Our Story |work=sierranevada.com |year=2009 |access-date=8 July 2011}}</ref> distributing the finished version in March 1981.<ref>{{cite book |url= https://archive.org/details/ambitiousbrewsto00maur |url-access= registration |title=Ambitious Brew |author=Maureen Ogle|page=[https://archive.org/details/ambitiousbrewsto00maur/page/305 305]|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|year= 2006 |access-date=8 July 2011|isbn=9780156033596 }}</ref> Other pioneers of a hoppy American pale ale are [[Jack McAuliffe (brewer)|Jack McAuliffe]] of the [[New Albion Brewing Company]] and Bert Grant of [[Yakima Brewing]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.craftbeer.com/pages/stories/featured-brewery/show?title=new-albion-brewing |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100624091348/http://www.craftbeer.com/pages/stories/featured-brewery/show?title=new-albion-brewing |url-status=dead |archive-date=24 June 2010 |title=CraftBeer.com &#124; Featured Brewery: New Albion Brewing |author=John Holl |work=craftbeer.com |year=2011 |access-date=8 July 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.beerhunter.com/documents/19133-001575.html |title=Michael Jackson's Beer Hunter - How Bert Grant Saved The World |author=Michael Jackson |work=beerhunter.com |year=2011 |access-date=8 July 2011}}</ref>

American pale ales are generally around 5% abv, with significant quantities of American hops, typically Cascade.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.craftbeer.com/pages/style-finder/american-ales |title=CraftBeer.com &#124; American Ales |work=craftbeer.com |year=2011 |access-date=8 July 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120729205655/http://www.craftbeer.com/pages/style-finder/american-ales |archive-date=29 July 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Although American-brewed beers tend to use a cleaner yeast, and American [[two row]] malt,<ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=9mO9WUFJYv8C&pg=PA38 |title=The Beer Journal |page=38|author=Chris Wright|publisher=Lulu.com|year= 2007 |access-date=8 July 2011|isbn=9781430312468 }}{{self-published source|date=February 2020}}</ref>{{self-published inline|date=February 2020}} it the use of strong American hops in particular that distinguish an APA from a British or European pale ale.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/30/dining/reviews/30wine.html |title=Sampling American Pale Ales - NYTimes.com |author=Eric Asimov |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=28 June 2010 |location=[[New York, NY|New York]] |issn=0362-4331 |access-date=8 July 2011}}</ref> The style is close to the American [[India pale ale]] (IPA), and boundaries blur,<ref>{{cite book |url= https://archive.org/details/greatamericancra0000crou|url-access= registration|title=Great American Craft Beer|author=Andy Crouch |page=[https://archive.org/details/greatamericancra0000crou/page/126 126]|publisher=Running Press|year= 2010 |access-date=8 July 2011|isbn=9780762441600}}</ref> though IPAs are stronger and more assertively hopped.<ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=9mO9WUFJYv8C&pg=PA56 |title=The Beer Journal|page=56|author=Chris Wright|publisher=Lulu.com|year= 2007 |access-date=8 July 2011|isbn=9781430312468}}{{self-published source|date=February 2020}}</ref>{{self-published inline|date=February 2020}} The style is also close to [[#Amber ale|amber ale]], though these are darker and maltier due to the use of crystal malts.<ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=2wZ_mxyWfvoC&pg=PA168 |title=Homebrewing For Dummies |page=128|author=Marty Nachel|publisher=For Dummies|year= 2008 |access-date=8 July 2011|isbn=9780470374160 }}</ref>