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===The 17th and 18th centuries=== Despite quickly recuperating in the early 17th century, the city passed through a period of impoverishment and stagnation in the middle and late 17th century. On 25 July 1656, in the midst of the [[Deluge (history)|Deluge]], the town was laid waste by [[Swedish Empire|Swedish]] forces after having resisted them. In 1665, [[Cistercians|Bernardine]] monks settled in the town after a monastery was founded by Tomasz Gocłowski. The [[St. Anthony's Church, Ostrołęka|Bernardine monastery of St. Anthony of Padua]] was built in a late-[[Baroque in Poland|Baroque]] style. [[File:Ostroleka-klasztor wnetrze.jpg|thumb|220px|Interior of the Baroque [[St. Anthony's Church, Ostrołęka|St. Anthony's Church]]]] Despite being inhabited by only 400 people in 1676, the town was still considered to be the most populous of towns in the [[Łomża]] region. In the following century, the town was destroyed numerous times by [[Swedish Empire|Swedish]], [[Russian Empire|Russian]], and [[Electorate of Saxony|Saxon]] armies. As a result, further economic development was hindered and the town remained in a state of stagnation for several decades. In the second half of the 18th century the city's economy revived and local merchants renewed trade with the major cities of [[Gdańsk]], [[Warsaw]] and [[Kaliningrad|Königsberg]].<ref name=szt/> During the [[Kościuszko Uprising]], the [[National Cavalry|First Wielkopolska National Cavalry Brigade]] was stationed in Ostrołęka.<ref>{{cite book|last=Gembarzewski|first=Bronisław|title=Rodowody pułków polskich i oddziałów równorzędnych od r. 1717 do r. 1831|year=1925|language=pl|publisher=Towarzystwo Wiedzy Wojskowej|location=Warszawa|page=7}}</ref> With the aim of aiding the [[Kościuszko Uprising]], the First Brigade, led by [[Antoni Madaliński]], started to march towards [[Kraków]] on 12 March 1794. [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussian]] troops reacted quickly by heading as far south as the Narew River, and reached the town's northern outskirts on the right bank of the Narew River, yet had never marched directly into, nor fully occupied, the town. The Uprising had failed and as a consequence of the [[Third Partition of Poland]] two years later, Ostrołęka found itself within Prussia's borders for ten years. At the turn of the century, the first German and Jewish families began to settle in the town and surrounding areas. {{Citation needed|date=June 2014}}
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