Editing Obstetrics and gynaecology (section)

==Subspecialties==
Examples of subspecialty training available to physicians in the US are:

* [[Maternal-fetal medicine]]: an [[Obstetrics|obstetrical]] subspecialty, sometimes referred to as perinatology, that focuses on the medical and surgical management of high-risk pregnancies and surgery on the fetus with the goal of reducing morbidity and mortality.
* [[Reproductive endocrinology and infertility]]: a subspecialty that focuses on the biological causes and interventional treatment of infertility
* Gynecological oncology: a gynaecologic subspecialty focusing on the medical and surgical treatment of women with [[cancers]] of the reproductive organs
* [[urogynaecology|Female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery]]: a gynaecologic subspecialty focusing on the diagnosis and surgical treatment of women with [[urinary incontinence]] and [[prolapse]] of the pelvic organs. Sometimes referred to by laypersons as "[[female urology]]"
* Advanced [[Laparoscopy|laparoscopic surgery]]
* [[Family planning]]: a gynaecologic subspecialty offering training in [[contraception]] and pregnancy termination ([[abortion]])
* Pediatric and adolescent gynaecology
* [[Menopause|Menopausal]] and [[Geriatrics|geriatric]] gynaecology

Of these, only the first four are truly recognized sub-specialties by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) and the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ABOG). The other subspecialties are recognized as informal concentrations of practice. To be recognized as a board-certified subspecialist by the [[American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology]] or the [[American Osteopathic Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology]], a practitioner must have completed an [[Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education|ACGME]] or [[American Osteopathic Association|AOA]]-accredited residency and obtained a Certificate of Added Qualifications (CAQ) which requires an additional standardized examination.<ref>[http://www.abog.org Welcome to the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology Web Site: Certification of Obstetricians and Gynecologists<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aobog.org/pages/eligibility |title=Eligibility/Board Eligibility |date=2012 |publisher=American Osteopathic Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology |access-date=19 September 2012 }}</ref>

Additionally, physicians of other specialties may become trained in [[Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics]] (ALSO), a short certification that equips them to better manage emergent OB/GYN situations.