Editing Nuclear winter (section)

=== Soot properties ===
{{see also|Tihomir Novakov|Aethalometer}}
Sooty aerosols can have a wide range of properties, as well as complex shapes, making it difficult to determine their evolving atmospheric [[Optical depth#Atmospheric sciences|optical depth]] value. The conditions present during the creation of the soot are believed to be considerably important as to their final properties, with soot generated on the more efficient spectrum of [[stoichiometry|burning efficiency]] considered almost "elemental [[carbon black]]," while on the more inefficient end of the burning spectrum, greater quantities of [[Pyrolysis|partially burnt]]/oxidized fuel are present. These partially burnt "organics" as they are known, often form tar balls and [[brown carbon]] during common lower-intensity wildfires, and can also coat the purer black carbon particles.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.mtu.edu/news/stories/2013/august/new-insights-wildfire-smoke-could-improve-climate-change-models.html|title=New Insights on Wildfire Smoke Could Improve Climate Change Models|access-date=2014-11-03| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141104015918/http://www.mtu.edu/news/stories/2013/august/new-insights-wildfire-smoke-could-improve-climate-change-models.html|archive-date=2014-11-04|url-status=live|date=2013-08-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abqjournal.com/440827/news/lanl-study-wildfire-smokes-effect-on-climate-underestimated.html|title=LANL study: Wildfire smoke's effect on climate underestimated|first=Olivier|last=Uyttebrouck|website=www.abqjournal.com|access-date=2014-11-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150627114118/http://www.abqjournal.com/440827/news/lanl-study-wildfire-smokes-effect-on-climate-underestimated.html|archive-date=2015-06-27|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://wildfiretoday.com/2013/07/17/research-wildland-fire-smoke-contributes-to-climate-change-more-than-previously-thought/|title=Research: wildland fire smoke, including tar balls, contribute to climate change more than previously thought - Wildfire Today|date=17 July 2013|access-date=3 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140724224709/http://wildfiretoday.com/2013/07/17/research-wildland-fire-smoke-contributes-to-climate-change-more-than-previously-thought/|archive-date=24 July 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> However, as the soot of greatest importance is that which is injected to the highest altitudes by the pyroconvection of the firestorm – a fire being fed with storm-force winds of air – it is estimated that the majority of the soot under these conditions is the more oxidized black carbon.<ref>{{harvnb|Toon|Turco|Robock|Bardeen|2007|pp=1996–1997|loc="Optical properties of soot particles"}}. "mass fires are likely to completely oxidize the fuels that are readily available".</ref>