Editing Northern bobwhite (section)

==Distribution and habitat==
The northern bobwhite can be found year-round in agricultural fields, grassland, open woodland areas, roadsides and wood edges. Its range covers the southeastern quadrant of the [[United States]] from the [[Great Lakes]] and southern [[Minnesota]] east to [[New York State]] and southern [[Massachusetts]], and extending west to southern [[Nebraska]], [[Kansas]], [[Oklahoma]], [[Colorado]] front-range foothills to 7,000 feet, and all but westernmost [[Texas]].

It is absent from the southern tip of [[Florida]] (where the extinct Key West bobwhite subspecies once lived) and the highest elevations of the [[Appalachian Mountains]], but occurs in eastern [[Mexico]] and in [[Cuba]], and has been introduced to [[Hispaniola]] (both the [[Dominican Republic]] and [[Haiti]]), the [[Bahamas]], the [[Turks and Caicos]] Islands, the [[U.S. Virgin Islands]] (formerly), [[Puerto Rico]], [[France]], [[China]], [[Portugal]], and [[Italy]]. Isolated populations also have been introduced in [[Oregon]] and [[Washington (state)|Washington]]. The northern bobwhite has also been [[introduced species|introduced]] to [[New Zealand]].<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22728956/95000808|title = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Colinus virginianus|journal = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species|date = October 2016}}</ref>

There is no self-sustaining population in [[Pennsylvania]], where the bird is considered [[extirpated]];<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pgc.pa.gov/Wildlife/WildlifeSpecies/Pages/Northern-Bobwhite-Quail.aspx|title = Northern Bobwhite Quail}}</ref> it is also considered extirpated in the states of [[New Hampshire]]<ref name=NHlist>{{cite web |url=https://nhbirdrecords.org/new-hampshire-state-bird-list/ |title=Official New Hampshire State Bird List |date=February 28, 2019 |publisher=New Hampshire Audubon |access-date=August 11, 2021 }}</ref> and [[Connecticut]].<ref name=cbc>{{cite web |url=http://www.ctbirding.org/birds-birding/checklist-of-the-birds-of-connecticut/ |title=Checklist of the Birds of Connecticut |last=Gallo |first=Frank |date=June 18, 2021 |website= |publisher=Connecticut Ornithological Association |access-date=August 1, 2021 |quote=}}</ref> Its distribution in New York has been limited to [[Suffolk County, New York|Suffolk]] and [[Nassau County, New York|Nassau Counties]] on [[Long Island]], as well as potential population pockets in [[Upstate New York]]. The bird is considered declining or extirpated throughout much of the [[Northeastern United States]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Species Assessment for Northern bobwhite |url=https://www.dec.ny.gov/docs/wildlife_pdf/sgcnnbobwhite.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.dec.ny.gov/docs/wildlife_pdf/sgcnnbobwhite.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live |website=New York State Department of Environmental Conservation |access-date=23 March 2022 |date=1 November 2017}}</ref> Similarly, the bird is almost extirpated from Ontario (and [[Canada]] as a whole), with the only self-sustaining population confirmed to exist recorded on [[Walpole Island]].<ref name="NatureServe Explorer 2.0">{{cite web |title=NatureServe Explorer 2.0 |url=https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.106280/Colinus_virginianus |website=explorer.natureserve.org |access-date=30 March 2022}}</ref>