Editing North Sea (section)

===Hydrology===
====Temperature and salinity====
[[File:NorthSeaCurrents.png|thumb|upright=1.25|[[Ocean current]]s mainly entering via the north entrance exiting along the Norwegian coast]]
[[File:Tiden loc.png|thumb|upright=1.25|• Localization of the tide-gauges listed<br/>• [[Norwegian Sea#Hydrology|Tide times after Bergen]] (negative = before)<br/>• The three amphidromic centers<br/>• Coasts:<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;marshes = green<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;mudflats = greenish blue<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;lagoons = bright blue<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;dunes = yellow<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;sea dikes= purple<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;moraines near the coast= light brown<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;rock-based coasts = greyish brown]]
The average temperature is {{convert|17|°C|°F}} in the summer and {{convert|6|°C|°F}} in the winter.<ref name="Safety"/> The average temperatures have been trending higher since 1988, which has been attributed to [[climate change]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 September 2009 |title=North Sea cod 'could disappear' even if fishing outlawed |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/environment/globalwarming/6162167/North-Sea-cod-could-disappear-even-if-fishing-outlawed.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090914053346/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/environment/globalwarming/6162167/North-Sea-cod-could-disappear-even-if-fishing-outlawed.html |archive-date=14 September 2009 |website=The Telegraph}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|title = Global Warming Triggers North Sea Temperature Rise
|work = Agence France-Presse
|publisher = Terra Daily
|date = 14 November 2006
|url = http://www.terradaily.com/reports/Global_Warming_Triggers_North_Sea_Temperature_Rise_999.html
|access-date = 1 December 2008
|archive-date = 3 January 2009
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090103150607/http://www.terradaily.com/reports/Global_Warming_Triggers_North_Sea_Temperature_Rise_999.html
|url-status = live
}}</ref> Air temperatures in January range on average between {{convert|0|and|4|C|F}} and in July between {{convert|13|and|18|C|F}}. The winter months see frequent gales and storms.<ref name="Britannica"/>

The [[salinity]] averages between {{convert|34|and|35|g/L|g/usgal|0}} of water.<ref name="Safety"/> The salinity has the highest variability where there is [[fresh water]] inflow, such as at the Rhine and Elbe estuaries, the Baltic Sea exit and along the coast of Norway.<ref name="Reddy">{{cite book
|last=Reddy
|first=M. P. M.
|title=Descriptive Physical Oceanography
|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2NC3JmKI7mYC&pg=PA120
|access-date=3 December 2008
|year=2001
|publisher=Taylor & Francis
|isbn=978-90-5410-706-4
|page=114
|chapter=Annual variation in Surface Salinity
|archive-date=17 April 2023
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417083623/https://books.google.com/books?id=2NC3JmKI7mYC&pg=PA120
|url-status=live
}}</ref>

====Water circulation and tides====
The main pattern to the flow of water in the North Sea is an [[anti-clockwise]] rotation along the edges.<ref>{{cite web
|title = Met Office: Flood alert!
|publisher = Met office UK government
|date = 28 November 2006
|url = http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/education/secondary/students/flood.html
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061231073713/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/education/secondary/students/flood.html
|archive-date = 31 December 2006
|access-date = 2 November 2008}}
</ref>

The North Sea is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean receiving the majority of [[ocean current]] from the northwest opening, and a lesser portion of warm current from the smaller opening at the English Channel. These tidal currents leave along the Norwegian coast.<ref name="SaS">{{cite web
 |title        = Safety at Sea
 |work         = Currents in the North Sea
 |year         = 2009
 |url          = http://www.safetyatsea.se/index.php?art=2041&group=400
 |access-date  = 9 January 2009
 |url-status   = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20081209094254/http://www.safetyatsea.se/index.php?art=2041&group=400
 |archive-date = 9 December 2008
 }}</ref> Surface and deep water currents may move in different directions. Low salinity surface coastal waters move offshore, and deeper, denser high salinity waters move inshore.<ref>{{cite book
|last=Freestone
|first=David
|author2=Ton IJlstra
|title=The North Sea: Perspectives on Regional Environmental Co-operation
|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sGSMw7gCOLYC&pg=PA67
|access-date=3 December 2008
|year=1990
|publisher=Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
|isbn=978-1-85333-413-9
|pages=66–70
|chapter=Physical Properties of Sea Water and their Distribution Annual: Variation in Surface Salinity
|archive-date=17 April 2023
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417083634/https://books.google.com/books?id=sGSMw7gCOLYC&pg=PA67
|url-status=live
}}</ref>

The North Sea located on the continental shelf has different waves from those in deep ocean water. The wave speeds are diminished and the wave amplitudes are increased. In the North Sea there are two [[amphidromic point|amphidromic]] systems and a third incomplete amphidromic system.<ref name="Dyke">{{cite book
|last=Dyke
|first=Phil
|title=Modeling Coastal and Offshore Processes
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c3MOQKCru6sC&pg=PA328
|access-date=4 December 2008
|year=1974
|publisher=Imperial College Press
|isbn=978-1-86094-674-5
|pages=323–365
|archive-date=17 April 2023
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417083656/https://books.google.com/books?id=c3MOQKCru6sC&pg=PA328
|url-status=live
}} p. 329 tidal map showing amphidromes</ref><ref name="Carter">{{cite book
|last=Carter
|first=R. W. G.
|title=Coastal Environments: An Introduction to the Physical, Ecological and Cultural Systems of Coastlines
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=STBKHpqMt6MC&pg=PA157
|access-date=4 December 2008
|year=1974
|publisher=Academic Press
|isbn=978-0-12-161856-8
|pages=155–158
|archive-date=17 April 2023
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417083702/https://books.google.com/books?id=STBKHpqMt6MC&pg=PA157
|url-status=live
}} p. 157 tidal map showing amphidromes</ref> In the North Sea the average tide difference in wave amplitude is between zero and {{convert|8|m|ft|spell=in}}.{{clarify|reason= There are two averages: The average tide in any given place, which is an average over time, of may tides, and then there is an average of those average tides at all those places. So this was and is technically correct, if someone could think of a way to clarify, that might help readers understand. "In wave amplitude" also invites misinterpretation, people could think that was about sea wave height, which it isn't. This is especially bad since it directly follows a discussion of actual sea wave speeds and heights.|date=March 2025}}<ref name="Safety"/> 

The Kelvin tide of the Atlantic Ocean is a semidiurnal wave that travels northward. Some of the energy from this wave travels through the English Channel into the North Sea. The wave continues to travel northward in the Atlantic Ocean, and once past the northern tip of Great Britain, the [[Kelvin wave]] turns east and south and once again enters the North Sea.<ref name="Changing">{{cite book
|last=Pugh
|first=D. T.
|title=Changing Sea Levels: Effects of Tides, Weather, and Climate
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ysa4ymmEotYC&pg=PA93
|year=2004
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|isbn=978-0-521-53218-1
|page=93
|access-date=1 July 2020
|archive-date=17 April 2023
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417083624/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ysa4ymmEotYC&pg=PA93
|url-status=live
}} p. 94 shows the amphidromic points of the North Sea</ref>

{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" 
|+Selected&nbsp;tidal&nbsp;ranges
! Tidal range <small>([[Metre|m]])</small><br/><small>(from&nbsp;calendars)</small> !! width=70pt|Maximum tidal range <small>(m)</small> !! Tide-gauge !! Geographical and historical features
|-
| align="center" | 0.79–1.82 || align="center" | 2.39 || [[Lerwick]]<ref>Tide table for Lerwick: [http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Lerwick-Shetland-Islands-Scotland/tides/latest tide-forecast] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426232252/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Lerwick-Shetland-Islands-Scotland/tides/latest |date=26 April 2014 }}</ref> || [[Shetland]] Islands
|-
| align="center" | 2.01–3.76 || align="center" | 4.69 || [[Aberdeen]]<ref>Tide table for Aberdeen: [http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Aberdeen-Scotland/tides/latest tide-forecast] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140805091018/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Aberdeen-Scotland/tides/latest |date=5 August 2014 }}</ref> || Mouth of [[River Dee, Aberdeenshire|River Dee]] in [[Scotland]]
|-
| align="center" | 2.38–4.61 || align="center" | 5.65 || [[North Shields]]<ref>Tide table for North Shields: [http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/North-Shields-England/tides/latest tide-forecast] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426201938/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/North-Shields-England/tides/latest |date=26 April 2014 }}</ref> || Mouth of [[River Tyne|Tyne]] estuary
|-
| align="center" | 2.31–6.04 || align="center" | 8.20 || [[Kingston upon Hull]]<ref>Tide tables for Kingston upon Hull: [https://www.tideschart.com/United-Kingdom/England/City-of-Kingston-upon-Hull/Hull-(Albert-Dock)/ Tides Chart] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190415215651/https://www.tideschart.com/United-Kingdom/England/City-of-Kingston-upon-Hull/Hull-(Albert-Dock)/ |date=15 April 2019 }} and [http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Hull-England/tides/latest Tide-Forecast] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140307142404/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Hull-England/tides/latest |date=7 March 2014 }}</ref> || Northern side of [[Humber]] estuary
|-
| align="center" | 1.75–4.33 || align="center" | 7.14 || [[Grimsby]]<ref>Tide table for Grimsby: [http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Grimsby/tides/latest Tide-Forecast] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140307152140/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Grimsby/tides/latest |date=7 March 2014 }}</ref> || Southern side of [[Humber]] estuary farther seaward
|-
| align="center" | 1.98–6.84 || align="center" | 6.90 || [[Skegness]]<ref>Tide tables for Skegness: [https://www.tideschart.com/United-Kingdom/England/Lincolnshire/Skegness/ Tideschart] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612052508/https://www.tideschart.com/United-Kingdom/England/Lincolnshire/Skegness/ |date=12 June 2020 }} und
[http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Skegness/tides/latest Tide-Forecast] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140307140443/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Skegness/tides/latest |date=7 March 2014 }}</ref> || [[Lincolnshire]] coast north of [[the Wash]]
|-
| align="center" | 1.92–6.47 || align="center" | 7.26 || [[King's Lynn]]<ref>Tide tables for King's Lynn: [https://www.tideschart.com/United-Kingdom/England/Norfolk/Kings-Lynn/ Tideschart] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612040543/https://www.tideschart.com/United-Kingdom/England/Norfolk/Kings-Lynn/ |date=12 June 2020 }} und
[http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Kings-Lynn/tides/latest Tide-Forecast] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140307141015/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Kings-Lynn/tides/latest |date=7 March 2014 }}</ref> || Mouth of [[River Great Ouse|Great Ouse]] into [[the Wash]]
|-
| align="center" | 2.54–7.23 || align="center" | || [[Hunstanton]]<ref>Tide tables for Hunstanton: [https://www.tideschart.com/United-Kingdom/England/Norfolk/Hunstanton/ Tideschart] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612030249/https://www.tideschart.com/United-Kingdom/England/Norfolk/Hunstanton/ |date=12 June 2020 }}</ref> || Eastern edge of [[the Wash]]
|-
| align="center" | 2.34–3.70 || align="center" | 4.47 || [[Harwich]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Harwich-England/tides/latest|title=Tide Times and Tide Chart for Harwich|work=tide-forecast.com|access-date=26 April 2014|archive-date=29 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130829064731/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Harwich-England/tides/latest|url-status=live}}</ref> || [[East Anglia]]n coast north of [[Thames Estuary]]
|-
| align="center" | 4.05–6.62 || align="center" | 7.99 || [[London Bridge]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/London-Bridge-England/tides/latest|title=Tide Times and Tide Chart for London|work=tide-forecast.com|access-date=26 April 2014|archive-date=8 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140208084433/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/London-Bridge-England/tides/latest|url-status=live}}</ref> || Inner end of [[Thames Estuary]]
|-
| align="center" | 2.38–6.85 || align="center" | 6.92 || [[Dunkerque]]<ref>Tide tables for Dunkerque: [https://www.tideschart.com/France/Hauts--de--France/Departement-du-Nord/Dunkerque/ Tides Chart] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190415215651/https://www.tideschart.com/France/Hauts--de--France/Departement-du-Nord/Dunkerque/ |date=15 April 2019 }} and [http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Dunkerque-France/tides/latest tide forecast] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140306233424/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Dunkerque-France/tides/latest |date=6 March 2014 }}</ref> || Dune coast east of the [[Strait of Dover]]
|-
| align="center" | 2.02–5.53 || align="center" | 5.59 || [[Zeebrugge]]<ref>Tide tables for Zeebrugge: [https://www.tideschart.com/Belgium/Flanders/Provincie-West--Vlaanderen/Zeebrugge/ Tides Chart] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190415215700/https://www.tideschart.com/Belgium/Flanders/Provincie-West--Vlaanderen/Zeebrugge/ |date=15 April 2019 }} and [http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Zeebrugge-Belgium/tides/latest tide forecast] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140306235132/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Zeebrugge-Belgium/tides/latest |date=6 March 2014 }}</ref> || Dune coast west of [[Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta]]
|-
| align="center" | 3.24–4.96 || align="center" | 6.09 || [[Antwerp]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Antwerpen-Belgium/tides/latest|title=Tide Times and Tide Chart for Antwerpen|work=tide-forecast.com|access-date=26 April 2014|archive-date=8 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008113252/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Antwerpen-Belgium/tides/latest|url-status=live}}</ref> || Inner end of the southernmost estuary of [[Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta]]
|-
| align="center" | 1.48–1.90 || align="center" | 2.35 || [[Rotterdam]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Rotterdam-Netherlands/tides/latest|title=Tide Times and Tide Chart for Rotterdam|work=tide-forecast.com|access-date=7 March 2014|archive-date=23 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223095839/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Rotterdam-Netherlands/tides/latest|url-status=live}}</ref> || Borderline of estuary delta<ref>Ahnert. F.(2009): Einführung in die Geomorphologie. 4. Auflage. 393 S.</ref> and sedimentation delta of the Rhine
|-
| align="center" | 1.10–2.03 || align="center" | 2.52 || [[Katwijk]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.surf-forecast.com/breaks/Katwijkaan-Zee/tides/latest|title=Katwijk aan Zee Tide Times & Tide Charts|work=surf-forecast.com|access-date=7 March 2014|archive-date=21 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221175125/http://www.surf-forecast.com/breaks/Katwijkaan-Zee/tides/latest|url-status=live}}</ref> || Mouth of the Uitwateringskanaal of the [[Oude Rijn (Utrecht and South Holland)|Oude Rijn]] into the sea
|-
| align="center" | 1.15–1.72 || align="center" | 2.15 || [[Den Helder]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Den-Helder-Netherlands/tides/latest|title=Tide Times and Tide Chart for Den Helder|work=tide-forecast.com|access-date=7 March 2014|archive-date=23 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223095934/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Den-Helder-Netherlands/tides/latest|url-status=live}}</ref> || Northeastern end of [[Holland]] dune coast west of [[IJsselmeer]]
|-
| align="center" | 1.67–2.20 || align="center" | 2.65 || [[Harlingen, Netherlands|Harlingen]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Harlingen-Netherlands/tides/latest|title=Tide Times and Tide Chart for Harlingen|work=tide-forecast.com|access-date=7 March 2014|archive-date=23 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223100203/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Harlingen-Netherlands/tides/latest|url-status=live}}</ref> || East of [[IJsselmeer]], outlet of [[IJssel]] river, the eastern branch of the Rhine
|-
| align="center" | 1.80–2.69 || align="center" | 3.54 || [[Borkum]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Borkum-Germany/tides/latest|title=Tide Times and Tide Chart for Borkum|work=tide-forecast.com|access-date=7 March 2014|archive-date=23 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223100148/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Borkum-Germany/tides/latest|url-status=live}}</ref> || Island in front of [[Ems (river)|Ems]] river estuary
|-
| align="center" | 2.96–3.71 || align="center" | || [[Emden]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.windfinder.com/forecast/emden|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221160235/http://de.windfinder.com/tide/Emden_Neue_Seeschleuse_Germany|url-status=dead|title=Windfinder.com – Wind, waves, weather & tide forecast Emden|archive-date=21 February 2014|website=Windfinder.com}}</ref> || East side of [[Ems (river)|Ems]] river estuary
|-
| align="center" | 2.60–3.76 || align="center" | 4.90 || [[Wilhelmshaven]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Wilhelmshaven-Germany/tides/latest|title=Tide Times and Tide Chart for Wilhelmshaven|work=tide-forecast.com|access-date=7 March 2014|archive-date=23 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223100201/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Wilhelmshaven-Germany/tides/latest|url-status=live}}</ref> || [[Jade Bight]]
|-
| align="center" | 2.66–4.01 || align="center" | 4.74 || [[Bremerhaven]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Bremerhaven-Germany/tides/latest|title=Tide Times and Tide Chart for Bremerhaven|work=tide-forecast.com|access-date=7 March 2014|archive-date=23 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223100153/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Bremerhaven-Germany/tides/latest|url-status=live}}</ref> || Seaward end of [[Weser]] estuary
|-
| align="center" | 3.59–4.62 || align="center" | || [[Bremen]]-[[Oslebshausen]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gezeiten-kalender.de:9099/locations/473.html?y=2014&m=2&d=22|title=Gezeitenkalender für Bremen, Oslebshausen, Germany (Tidenkalender) – und viele weitere Orte|author=Guido Gerding|work=gezeiten-kalender.de|access-date=7 March 2014|archive-date=22 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222165136/http://gezeiten-kalender.de:9099/locations/473.html?y=2014&m=2&d=22|url-status=dead}}</ref> || [[Ports of Bremen|Bremer Industriehäfen]], inner [[Weser]] estuary
|-
| align="center" | 3.3–4.0 || align="center" | || [[Bremen]] Weser barrage<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bsh.de/cgi-bin/gezeiten/was_tab.pl?ort=DE__752P&zone=Gesetzliche+Zeit+%B9&niveau=NN|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140217155825/http://www.bsh.de/cgi-bin/gezeiten/was_tab.pl?ort=DE__752P&zone=Gesetzliche+Zeit+%B9&niveau=NN|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 February 2014|title=Gezeitenvorausberechnung|work=bsh.de|access-date=7 March 2014}}</ref> || Artificial tide limit of river Weser, 4&nbsp;km upstream of the city centre
|-
| align="center" | <span style="color:purple;"> 2.6–4.0 </span>|| ||<span style="color:purple;"> Bremerhaven 1879</span><ref name="Franzius">calculated from [[Ludwig Franzius]]: ''Die Korrektion der Unterweser'' (1898). suppl. B IV.: weekly average tide ranges 1879</ref>||<span style="color:purple;"> Before start of [[Weser Correction]] (Weser straightening works)</span>
|-
| align="center" | <span style="color:purple;"> 0–0.3</span> || ||<span style="color:purple;"> Bremen city centre 1879</span><ref name="Franzius"/> ||<span style="color:purple;"> Before start of [[Weser Correction]] (Weser straightening works)</span>
|-
| align="center" | <span style="color:blue;"> 1.45</span> || ||<span style="color:blue;"> Bremen city centre 1900</span><ref>telephonical advice by Mrs. Piechotta, head of department of hydrology, Nautic Administration for Bremen ([http://www.wsv.de/wsa-hb/ WSA Bremen] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140327220829/http://www.wsv.de/wsa-hb/ |date=27 March 2014 }})</ref> ||<span style="color:blue;"> [[Große Weserbrücke]], 5 years after completion of [[Weser Correction]] works</span>
|-
| align="center" | 2.54–3.48 || align="center" | 4.63 || [[Cuxhaven]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Cuxhaven-Germany/tides/latest|title=Tide Times and Tide Chart for Cuxhaven|work=tide-forecast.com|access-date=7 March 2014|archive-date=23 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223100158/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Cuxhaven-Germany/tides/latest|url-status=live}}</ref> || Seaward end of [[Elbe]] estuary
|-
| align="center" | 3.4–3.9 || align="center" | 4.63 || [[Hamburg]] St. Pauli<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Hamburg-Germany/tides/latest|title=Tide Times and Tide Chart for Hamburg|work=tide-forecast.com|access-date=7 March 2014|archive-date=12 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140312105840/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Hamburg-Germany/tides/latest|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bsh.de/cgi-bin/gezeiten/was_tab.pl?ort=DE__508P&zone=Gesetzliche+Zeit+%B9&niveau=KN|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140217155834/http://www.bsh.de/cgi-bin/gezeiten/was_tab.pl?ort=DE__508P&zone=Gesetzliche+Zeit+%B9&niveau=KN|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 February 2014|title=Gezeitenvorausberechnung|work=bsh.de|access-date=7 March 2014}}</ref> || [[St. Pauli Piers]], inner part of [[Elbe]] estuary
|-
| align="center" | 1.39–2.03 || align="center" | 2.74 || [[Westerland, Germany|Westerland]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Westerland-Germany/tides/latest|title=Tide Times and Tide Chart for Westerland|work=tide-forecast.com|access-date=7 March 2014|archive-date=23 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223100146/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Westerland-Germany/tides/latest|url-status=live}}</ref> || [[Sylt]] island, off the [[Nordfriesland]] coast
|-
| align="center" | 2.8–3.4 || align="center" | || [[Dagebüll]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bsh.de/cgi-bin/gezeiten/was_tab.pl?ort=DE__635P&zone=Gesetzliche%20Zeit&niveau=KN|title=Gezeitenvorausberechnung|work=bsh.de|access-date=17 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223104352/http://www.bsh.de/cgi-bin/gezeiten/was_tab.pl?ort=DE__635P&zone=Gesetzliche%20Zeit&niveau=KN|archive-date=23 February 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> || Coast of [[Wadden Sea]] in [[Nordfriesland]]
|-
| align="center" | 1.1–2.1 || align="center" | 2.17 || [[Esbjerg]]<ref name="DMI">{{cite web|url=http://www.dmi.dk/en/hav/maalinger/tidal-tables/|title=Tidal tables|work=dmi.dk|access-date=17 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140316211710/http://www.dmi.dk/en/hav/maalinger/tidal-tables/|archive-date=16 March 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Esbjerg-Denmark/tides/latest|title=Tide Times and Tide Chart for Esbjerg, Denmark|work=tide-forecast.com|access-date=7 March 2014|archive-date=23 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223095931/http://www.tide-forecast.com/locations/Esbjerg-Denmark/tides/latest|url-status=live}}</ref> || Northern end of Wadden Sea in [[Denmark]]
|-
| align="center" | 0.5–1.1 || align="center" | || [[Hvide Sande]]<ref name="DMI"/> || [[Denmark|Danish]] dune coast, entrance of [[Ringkøbing Fjord]] lagoon
|-
| align="center" | 0.3–0.5 || align="center" | || [[Thyborøn]]<ref name="DMI"/> || Danish dune coast, entrance of ''Nissum Bredning'' [[lagoon]], part of [[Limfjord]]
|-
| align="center" | 0.2–04 || align="center" | || [[Hirtshals]]<ref name="DMI"/> || [[Skagerrak]]. [[Hanstholm]] and [[Skagen]] have the same values.
|-
| align="center" | 0.14–0.30 || align="center" | 0.26 || [[Mandal, Norway|Tregde]]<ref name="Vannstand">[http://vannstand.no/index.php/nb/english-section/tide-table Vannstand – Norwegian official maritime Information → English version] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150429091718/http://vannstand.no/index.php/nb/english-section/tide-table |date=29 April 2015 }}</ref> || [[Skagerrak]], southern end of [[Norway]], east of an [[amphidromic point]] 
|-
| align="center" | 0.25–0.60 || align="center" | 0.65 || [[Stavanger]]<ref name="Vannstand"/> || North of that amphidromic point, tidal rhythm irregular
|-
| align="center" | 0.64–1.20 || align="center" | 1.61 || [[Bergen]]<ref name="Vannstand"/> || Tidal rhythm regular
|}