Editing Newmarket, Suffolk (section)

==Connections to horse racing and training==

[[File:2014 32Red Casino Handicap 2.jpg|thumb|right|A horse race at [[Newmarket Racecourse]]]]
[[File:Newmarket grandstand (14127177733).jpg|thumb|right|A grandstand at The Rowley Mile]]
Racing at Newmarket has been dated as far back as 1174, making it the earliest known racing venue of post-classical times.{{cn|date=March 2022}} [[James I of England|King James I]] (reigned 1603–1625) greatly increased the popularity of [[horse racing]] there, and [[Charles I of England|King Charles I]] followed this by inaugurating the first cup race in 1634. The [[Jockey Club]]'s clubhouse is in Newmarket, though its administration is based in London.

===Stables and training industry===
[[File:Long Hill and Warren Hill, Newmarket.jpg|thumb|right|Horses galloping on the Long Hill training grounds]]
Around 3,000 race horses are stabled in and around Newmarket. By comparison, the human population is of the order of 15,000 and it is estimated that one in three jobs are connected to horseracing in one way or another.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.westsuffolk.gov.uk/news/150915-fh01.cfm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171228000753/http://www.westsuffolk.gov.uk/news/150915-fh01.cfm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2017-12-28 |title=Recognition for Newmarket will benefit all|website=www.westsuffolk.gov.uk |access-date=28 March 2018}}</ref> Newmarket has 3 main sections of Heath, all of which are used to train the racehorses on. The grassland of Newmarket's training grounds has been developed over hundreds of years of careful maintenance, and is generally regarded as some of the finest in the world. "Racecourse side" is located next to the [[Rowley Mile]] Racecourse and is a predominately flat area. "Warren Hill" overlooks the town and consists of three all-weather canters and a multitude of grass canters. "Bury Side" is the name given to the area located near the Bury Road and the railway line. These areas and the surrounding [[heath (habitat)|heath]] is [[chalk]] downland and has special [[bird]]s and [[animal]]s only suited to this terrain. It is also a very historical area with the remains of 6th century living.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.luphen.org.uk/walks/stour_valley/01_newmarket.htm|title=Stour Valley Path: Newmarket Racecourse to Little Bradley|website=www.luphen.org.uk|access-date=28 March 2018}}</ref> This hill is part of the chalk formation the [[Newmarket Ridge]]. The town has {{convert|50|mi|km}} of turf gallops and over {{convert|14|mi|km}} of artificial track.

Most of the Newmarket-based racing stables are situated in the centre of the town, where they can easily access the gallops. The town has special horse routes so the horses can reach the gallops safely from the many training establishments occupied by top trainers. Many of the world's most successful trainers are based in Newmarket, [[Sir Michael Stoute]] who is based at Freemason Lodge, [[John Gosden]], based at Clarehaven Stables, [[Saeed bin Suroor]], based at Stanley House Stables and [[Charlie Appleby (racehorse trainer)|Charlie Appleby]] based at Moulton Paddocks. Millions of pounds of prize money are won by these trainers alone around the world each year. Many of the horses they train are worth over £1 million, with some of the finest being worth between £5 million and £50 million or higher. Outside the town the land-use is dominated by [[Thoroughbred horse|thoroughbred]] [[Horse breeding|breeding]], studs occupying large areas in every direction. Around seventy licensed trainers and more than sixty stud farms operate in and around Newmarket.<ref name="newmarketracecourses.co.uk">[http://www.newmarketracecourses.co.uk newmarketracecourses.co.uk], introductory page, accessed 16 September 2006.</ref>

Newmarket has three major public horse exercise grounds: Warren Hill (including the Long Hill exercise grounds), Racecourse Side (situated between and alongside Newmarket Racecourses's Rowley Mile and July Courses), and the Limekilns (include the Al Bahatri all-weather grounds). Godolphin also operate two large private horse exercise grounds near their Godolphin Stables and Moulton Paddocks stables.

===Horse racing===
[[File:The Rowley Mile Racecourse, Newmarket, UK.jpg|thumb|right|The Rowley Mile Racecourse]]
The town has two race courses situated on Newmarket Heath, [[The Rowley Mile]] and [[The July Course]]. The Rowley Mile is the home of Newmarket's two [[Classic races]], the [[2,000 Guineas]] and the [[1,000 Guineas]], two of the world's most prestigious races, run in the first weekend of May every year. The value of the winners of these races are often immediately increases by millions of pounds. It is also the home of Future Champions Day, run the weekend before Champions Day at [[Ascot Racecourse|Ascot]], which includes the very important [[Dewhurst Stakes]]. The July Course is the home of the [[July Cup]], the [[Falmouth Stakes]] and a number of other very important races. The two courses are separated by the [[Devil's Dyke, Cambridgeshire|Devil's Dyke]]. This large earthwork starts in neighbouring [[Woodditton]] (sometimes spelt as Wood Ditton) and ends in [[Reach, Cambridgeshire|Reach]], a distance of over {{convert|7|mi|km|0|abbr=off|spell=on}}.

===Horse breeding===
[[File:The National Stud, Newmarket, UK.jpg|thumb|right|alt=The National Stud, Newmarket, UK|[[The National Stud]]]]
Newmarket is the UK centre for the multibillion-pound racehorse breeding industry, and a key global centre of the business. Thoroughbred breeding lines are a core part of success in global horse racing, and key stallions are controlled by major global breeding operations, which operate studs around the town. [[Darley Stud]], owners of [[New Approach]], [[Cape Cross]], [[Dubawi]], [[Sepoy]] and [[Raven's Pass]] own large areas of land to the south of the town. [[Shadwell Stud]], another major global operation, have a number of studs nearby and own [[Nayef (horse)|Nayef]], [[Sakhee]], [[Haafhd]] and [[Eswarah]]. [[Juddmonte Farms]], owner of [[Frankel (horse)|Frankel]], [[Observatory (horse)|Observatory]], [[Dansili]], [[Champs Elysees (horse)|Champs Elysees]] and Three Valleys, also have a large stud nearby. [[Cheveley Park Stud]], owners of Pivotal, [[Mayson (horse)|Mayson]] and Medicean are based next to the town, as are Lanwades Stud, owners of Aussie Rules, [[Hernando (horse)|Hernando]] and [[Sir Percy]]. [[Newsells Park|Newsells Park Stud]], owners of [[Equiano (horse)|Equiano]] and The Royal Studs, owners of [[Motivator (horse)|Motivator]] also operate there. In 1967 [[Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom|Queen Elizabeth II]] opened [[The National Stud]], a [[Horse breeding|breeding]] centre for [[thoroughbred horse]]s. Other parts of the town are also surrounded by some of the world's largest and most successful horse breeding studs.

===Horse health and welfare===
[[File:Hyperion statue, Newmarket, UK.jpg|thumb|right|A view of the Jockey Club Rooms]]
The town is home to two of the most advanced equine hospitals in the world, the Newmarket Equine Hospital<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newmarketequinehospital.com|title=Home – Newmarket Equine Hospital|website=Newmarket Equine Hospital|access-date=28 March 2018}}</ref> and Rossdales.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rossdales.com|title=The largest dedicated equine veterinary practice in the UK – Rossdales Veterinary Surgeons|date=28 March 2018|website=Rossdales Veterinary Surgeons|access-date=28 March 2018}}</ref>

===Museums of horse racing===
[[File:HomeofHorseracing.jpg|thumb|Part of Palace House in Newmarket, Suffolk, UK]]
Newmarket is home to Britain's National Heritage Centre for Horseracing and Sporting Art at [[Palace House]], the [[National Horseracing Museum]], the '''Sporting Art Trust''' and a base of [[Retraining of Racehorses]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-suffolk-25816391|title=Work begins on £15m racing museum|work=BBC News|date=28 March 2018|access-date=28 March 2018|publisher=BBC}}</ref>