Editing Muslims (section)

==Demographics==
{{main|Islam#Demographics}}
{{See also|Islam by country}}
[[File:Islam percent population in each nation World Map Muslim data by Pew Research.svg|thumb|300px|World Muslim population by percentage (2012)]]
The most populous Muslim-majority country is Indonesia, home to 12.7% of the world's Muslims,<ref name=Distrib>{{cite web|title=Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population|url=http://www.pewforum.org/files/2009/10/Muslimpopulation.pdf|date=October 2009|publisher=Pew Research Center|access-date=22 February 2017|quote=Of the total Muslim population, 30%-40% are Shia Muslims and 60-70% are Sunni Muslims.|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205171040/http://www.pewforum.org/files/2009/10/Muslimpopulation.pdf|archive-date=5 February 2017}}</ref> followed by Pakistan (11.0%), Bangladesh (9.2%), Nigeria (5.3%) and Egypt (4.9%).<ref name="Islam_by_country" /> About 20% of the world's Muslims live in the Middle East and North Africa. Non-majority India contains 10.9% of the world's Muslims.<ref name="Distrib" /><ref>{{cite book
| publisher = Oxford University Press
| isbn = 978-0-19-515713-0
| last = Esposito
| first = John L.
| title = What everyone needs to know about Islam
| url = https://archive.org/details/whateveryoneneed00espo
| url-access = registration
| page = [https://archive.org/details/whateveryoneneed00espo/page/n42 21]
| date = 15 October 2002
}} and {{Cite book
| edition = Rev. 3rd ed., updated with new epilogue.
| publisher = Oxford University Press
| isbn = 978-0-19-518266-8
| last = Esposito
| first = John
| title = Islam : the straight path
| location = New York
| pages = 2, 43
| year = 2005
}}</ref> [[Arab Muslims]] form the [[List of contemporary ethnic groups|largest ethnic group among Muslims]] in the world,<ref>Margaret Kleffner Nydell [https://books.google.com/books?id=ZNoiieefqAcC Understanding Arabs: A Guide For Modern Times], Intercultural Press, 2005, {{ISBN|1931930252}}, page xxiii, 14</ref> followed by [[Bengali Muslims|Bengalis]],<ref>{{cite book|author=Richard Eaton|editor=Barbara D. Metcalf|title=Islam in South Asia in Practice|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pR0LzVCpfw8C|date=8 September 2009|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-1-4008-3138-8|page=275|chapter=Forest Clearing and the Growth of Islam in Bengal}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=haGORCJRlOUC&pg=PA50 |title=The Bangladesh Reader: History, Culture, Politics |author1=Meghna Guhathakurta |author2=Willem van Schendel |date=30 April 2013 |publisher=Duke University Press |access-date=7 November 2016|isbn=978-0822353188 }}</ref> and [[Punjabi Muslims|Punjabis]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Gandhi|first=Rajmohan|title=Punjab: A History from Aurangzeb to Mountbatten|year=2013|page=1|publisher=Aleph Book Company|location=New Delhi, India, Urbana, [[Illinois]]|isbn=978-93-83064-41-0}}.</ref>

Over 75–90% of Muslims are [[Sunni]].<ref name=Sunni /><ref name="Sunni Islam" /> The second and third largest sects, [[Shia]] and [[Ahmadiyya]], make up 10–13%,<ref name="Shia" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=Pew_2009/> and 1%<ref name="ahmadi" /> respectively. While the majority of the population in the [[Middle East]] identify as either Sunni or Shia, a significant number of Muslims identify as [[non-denominational Muslims|non-denominational]].<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bujyDwAAQBAJ&dq=non+denominationaL+islam&pg=PT14 | title=Cultural and Heritage Tourism in the Middle East and North Africa: Complexities, Management and Practices | isbn=9781000177169 | last1=Seyfi | first1=Siamak | last2=Michael Hall | first2=C. | date=28 September 2020 | publisher=Routledge }}</ref>

With about 1.8 billion followers (2015), almost a quarter of [[world population|earth's population]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pewforum.org/2017/04/05/the-changing-global-religious-landscape/|website=Pew Research Center|date=5 April 2017|title=The Changing Global Religious Landscape|access-date=20 October 2018|archive-date=6 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170406033738/http://www.pewforum.org/2017/04/05/the-changing-global-religious-landscape/|url-status=live}}</ref> Islam is the [[major religious groups|second-largest]] and the [[Growth of religion|fastest-growing religion in the world]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/04/02/living/pew-study-religion/index.html|title=The fastest growing religion in the world is ...|last=Burke|first=Daniel|publisher=CNN|access-date=6 May 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160511135834/http://www.cnn.com/2015/04/02/living/pew-study-religion/index.html|archive-date=11 May 2016}}</ref> primarily due to the young age and high [[fertility rate]] of Muslims,<ref name="pew"/> with Muslims having a rate of 3.1 compared to the world average of 2.5. According to the same study, [[Religious conversion|religious switching]] has no impact on Muslim population, since the number of people who [[Convert to Islam|embrace Islam]] and those who [[Apostasy in Islam|leave Islam]] are roughly equal.<ref name="Global Islam" /><ref name="pew">{{cite report|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2009/10/Muslimpopulation-1.pdf|title=The Future of the Global Muslim Population|publisher=Pew Research Center|date=27 January 2011}}</ref>

As of 2010, 49 countries in the world had Muslim majorities, in which Muslims comprised more than 50% of the population.<ref name="Global Islam" /> In 2010, 74.1% of the world's Muslim population lived in countries where Muslims are in the majority, while 25.9% of the world's Muslim population lived in countries where Muslims are in the minority.<ref name="Global Islam">{{cite report|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2011/01/FutureGlobalMuslimPopulation-WebPDF-Feb10.pdf|title=The Future of the Global Muslim Population|publisher=Pew Research Center|date=27 January 2011}}</ref> A Pew Center study in 2010 found that 3% of the world's Muslim population lives in non-Muslim-majority [[developed countries]].<ref name="Global Islam" /> [[Islam in India|India's Muslim population]] is the world's largest Muslim-minority population in the world (11% of the world's Muslim population).<ref name="Global Islam" /> Followed by Ethiopia (28 million), China (22 million), Russia (16 million) and Tanzania (13 million).<ref name="pew" /> Sizable minorities are also found in [[Islam in the Americas|the Americas]] (5.2 million or 0.6%), [[Islam in Australia|Australia]] (714,000 or 1.9%) and parts of [[Islam in Europe|Europe]] (44 million or 6%).<ref name="Global Islam" />

A Pew Center study in 2016 found that Muslims have the highest number of adherents under the age of 15 (34% of the total Muslim population) of any major religion, while only 7% are aged 60+ (the smallest percentage of any major religion). According to the same study, Muslims have the highest [[fertility rate]]s (3.1) of any major religious group.<ref name="Pew2016">{{cite web |access-date=19 December 2016 |title=Religion and Education Around the World |url=http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2016/12/21094148/Religion-Education-ONLINE-FINAL.pdf |publisher=Pew Research Center |date=13 December 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222152619/http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2016/12/21094148/Religion-Education-ONLINE-FINAL.pdf |archive-date=22 December 2016 }}</ref> The study also found that Muslims (tied with [[Hindus]]) have the lowest average levels of [[education]] with an average of 5.6 years of schooling, though both groups have made the largest gains in educational attainment in recent decades among major religions.<ref name="Pew2016"/> About 36% of all Muslims have no formal schooling,<ref name="Pew2016"/> and Muslims have the lowest average levels of [[higher education]] of any major religious group, with only 8% having [[Academic degree|graduate]] and [[post-graduate]] degrees.<ref name="Pew2016"/>