Editing Murad IV (section)

=== Absolute rule and imperial policies (1632–1640) ===
In 1632, Murad&nbsp;IV banned the smoking of tobacco and opium and closed [[Ottoman coffeehouse|coffeehouses]], which were believed to be centers of sedition. Also in the same year as noted by [[Dimitrie Cantemir]], he legalized the selling and drinking of alcohol even for Muslims, an act which had no precedent at the time. Previously known to be fond of drinking, in 1634 he realized the dangers of wine, and banned both the sale and drinking of alcohol and ordered taverns to close.<ref>{{cite book |last=Freely |first=John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c9OLDwAAQBAJ |title=Inside the Seraglio: Private Lives of the Sultans in Istanbul |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |year=2016 |isbn=978-0-85772-870-8 |pages=94 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=İnalcık |first=Halil |url=https://archive.org/details/ottomanempirecla0000inal/page/99 |title=The Ottoman Empire: The Classical Age 1300-1600 |author2=Imber, Colin |publisher=Aristide D. Caratzas |year=1989 |isbn=0-89241-388-3 |location=New Rochelle, N.Y. |page=[https://archive.org/details/ottomanempirecla0000inal/page/99 99]}} 2nd paragraph, from 3rd sentence onward</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Stoianovich |first=Traian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SqVzCQAAQBAJ |title=Balkan Worlds: The First and Last Europe |date=2015-05-20 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-47614-6 |language=en}}</ref> He ordered execution for breaking this ban<ref>{{cite book |title=Chasing the Scream: The First and Last Days of the War on Drugs |last=Hari |first=Johann |publisher=Bloomsbury USA |year=2015 |isbn=978-1620408902 |pages=262}}</ref> and restored the judicial regulations by very strict punishments, including execution; he once strangled a [[Grand Vizier|grand vizier]] for the reason that the official had beaten his mother-in-law.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Davis |first=William Stearns |title=A short history of the Near East: from the founding of Constantinople (330 A.D. to 1922) |publisher=The Macmillan Company |year=1922 |location=New York |pages=259–260}}</ref>