Editing Moscow (section)

===Early history (1147–1263)===
{{Further|Vladimir-Suzdal}}

Moscow is first mentioned in chronicles under the year 1147, as part of the principality of [[Rostov-Suzdal]], which emerged from the disintegration of [[Kievan Rus']].{{sfn|Fennell|2023|p=45}} It was referred to as a meeting place of [[Yuri Dolgorukiy]] and [[Sviatoslav Olgovich]]. At the time, it was a minor town on the western border of the principality.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/russian/features-39352451 |title=Начало Москвы: пир после убийства |website=BBC News Russian |date=11 April 2017 |access-date=6 July 2021 |archive-date=10 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210710045539/https://www.bbc.com/russian/features-39352451 |url-status=live }}</ref> The importance of Moscow greatly increased during the second half of the 12th century, and it was converted into a fortified ''gorod'' (stronghold) in the 1150s, with the first walls of the [[Kremlin]] being built.{{sfn|Fennell|2023|page=46}} During the [[Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'|Mongol invasions]] of 1237–1238, Moscow was sacked following the destruction of [[Ryazan]].{{sfn|Fennell|2023|page=46}}

The first prince of Moscow was [[Daniel of Moscow|Daniel]], the youngest son of [[Alexander Nevsky]], and in 1263, he was given Moscow as an ''[[votchina|otchina]]'' (hereditary land), where he established a local branch of [[Rurikids|Rurikid]] princes.{{sfn|Fennell|2023|page=47}} Two chronicles refer to [[Mikhail Khorobrit]] as "Mikhail of Moscow" in the mid-13th century, but Daniel is generally considered to be the first prince of Moscow.{{sfn|Fennell|2023|page=47}} On Mikhail's death in 1248, if it is assumed that an [[appanage]] principality was created, Moscow reverted as an escheat to the grand prince of [[Vladimir, Russia|Vladimir]].{{sfn|Fennell|2023|page=47}} Until 1271, the principality was ruled by the governors of Daniel's uncle [[Yaroslav of Tver|Yaroslav]], who was given [[Tver]] as an appanage.{{sfn|Kuchkin|2013|p=308}} Daniel himself is first mentioned in chronicles under the year 1282 as taking part in a feudal war between his two older brothers.{{sfn|Fennell|2023|p=47}}