Editing Monorail (section)

===Differences===
Unlike some [[tram]]s and [[light rail]] systems, modern monorails are always separated from other traffic and pedestrians due to the geometry of the rail.<ref name="Greater Greater Washington 2018 b079">{{cite web | title=Why cities rarely build monorails, explained | website=Greater Greater Washington | date=May 1, 2018 | url=https://ggwash.org/view/67201/why-cities-rarely-build-monorails-explained | access-date=September 17, 2023}}</ref> They are both guided and supported via interaction with the same single beam, in contrast to other guided systems like [[rubber-tyred metro]]s, such as the [[Sapporo Municipal Subway]]; or [[guided bus]]es or trams, such as [[Translohr]]. Monorails can also use [[pantograph (rail)|pantographs]].<ref>{{cite web | title=Development of mathmetical model for monorail suspension system under different track conditions | author=Bakhit Mabrouk and Wafi Adam | year=2015 | s2cid=73592213 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | title=Research on the Influence of Straddle-Type Monorail's Pantograph Head Parameter on Power Collection Quality | author=Zhen Yang, Zixue Du, Cheng Chen, Xiaoxia Wen, and Zhouzhou Xu | journal=Urban Rail Transit | date=November 2017 | volume=3 | issue=3 | pages=149–157 | doi=10.1007/s40864-017-0066-0 | url= https://rdcu.be/duqzE | access-date=December 24, 2023| doi-access=free }}</ref>

As with other grade-separated transit systems, monorails avoid red lights, intersection turns, and traffic jams.<ref>Ryan, Phillip ''Monorails (All Aboard!)''(2010)</ref><ref name="The Seattle Times 2001 u148">{{cite web | title=Monorail pros and cons | website=The Seattle Times | date=February 18, 2001 | url=https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/?date=20010218&slug=monoprocon18m | access-date=September 17, 2023}}</ref> Surface-level trains, buses, automobiles, and pedestrians can collide each one with the other, while vehicles on dedicated, grade-separated rights-of-way such as monorails can collide only with other vehicles on the same system, with much fewer opportunities for collision. As with other elevated transit systems, monorail passengers receive sunlight and views.<ref>Schafer, Mike ''American Passenger Train'' (2001)</ref> Monorails can be quieter than diesel buses and trains. They obtain electricity from the track structure, whereas other modes of transit may use either third rail or overhead power lines and poles.{{Citation needed|date=September 2023}} Compared to the [[elevated train]] systems of New York, Chicago, and elsewhere, a monorail beamway casts a narrow shadow.<ref>Dorin, Patrick C. ''American Passenger Trains: WWII to Amtrak''(2009)</ref> 

Conversely, monorails can be more expensive than light-rail systems that do not include tunnels.<ref name="The Seattle Times 2001 u148"/> In addition, monorails must either remain above ground or use larger tunnels than conventional rail systems, and they require complex track-switching equipment.<ref name="Greater Greater Washington 2018 b079"/>