Editing Miss World (section)

==Miss World Organization==
[[File:Ivian sar..jpg|thumb|200px|[[Ivian Sarcos]], [[Miss World 2011]] at a school in [[Mumbai]], India]]

The Miss World Organization owns and manages the annual Miss World Finals, a competition that has grown into one of the world's biggest.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eleconomista.es/empresas-finanzas/noticias/60487/06/06/Miss-World-Organisation-and-Mauj-Telecom-Ink-Global-Deal-on-Mobile-Content-and-Applications.html |title=ElEconomista.es. Miss World Organisation and Mauj Telecom Ink Global Deal on Mobile Content and Applications |work=El Economista |date=6 June 2006 |access-date=24 May 2011}}</ref> Since its launch in 1951, the Miss World organisation has raised more than £1 billion for children's charities<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.philanthropymagazine.com/Articles/11-1-miss-world.htm|title=philanthropymagazine.com|access-date=19 June 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016202427/http://www.philanthropymagazine.com/Articles/11-1-miss-world.htm|archive-date=16 October 2015}}</ref> that help disabled and underprivileged children.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1291&dat=19861114&id=sBdVAAAAIBAJ&pg=5834,4513645&hl=en|title=Miss Trinidad and Tobago is new Miss World|date=14 November 1986|newspaper=[[Boca Raton News]]|access-date=26 January 2016}}</ref> Miss World is [[franchising|franchised]] in more than 100 countries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.economist.com.na/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=17097:newly-crowned-miss-namibia-2009-happie-ntelamo-&catid=542:headlines&Itemid=62 |title=Newly crowned Miss Namibia 2009, Happie Ntelamo |work=The Economist .na |date=19 June 2009 |access-date=24 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.warsaw-life.com/poland/miss-world-2006 |title=Warsaw-life.com. Miss World comes to Warsaw |publisher=Warsaw-life.com |access-date=24 May 2011}}</ref>

===1970s–1990s===
The Miss World pageant has been the target of many controversies since its inception.
* In [[Miss World 1970|1970]], feminist protesters threw flour bombs during the live event at London's [[Royal Albert Hall]], momentarily alarming the host, [[Bob Hope]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mw2006.pl/index.php?id=216&eng |title=Miss World 2006 |access-date=26 January 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080803200450/http://www.mw2006.pl/index.php?id=216&eng |archive-date= 3 August 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.buzzle.com/editorials/7-29-2003-43584.asp |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20090316054040/http://www.buzzle.com/editorials/7-29-2003-43584.asp |url-status=usurped |archive-date=16 March 2009 |title=L–ast milestone on a record-breaking comedy Road ... Bob Hope dies at 100 |publisher=Buzzle.com |date=29 July 2003 |access-date=24 May 2011 }}</ref>
* The [[Miss World 1973|1973]] winner, [[Marjorie Wallace]], was stripped of her title on 8 March 1974 because she had failed to fulfill the basic requirements of the job. Miss World's organizers did not elect someone to serve in her place.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2206&dat=19740307&id=vsIlAAAAIBAJ&pg=5690,3958787|title=Miss World is stripped of her title|access-date=12 October 2020|archive-date=18 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818213908/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2206&dat=19740307&id=vsIlAAAAIBAJ&pg=5690,3958787|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* In [[Miss World 1976|1976]], several countries boycotted the pageant because it included both a [[white South African|white]] and a [[Black South African|Black]] contestant from South Africa.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pageantopolis.com/international/world_1976.htm |title=Miss World 1976 |publisher=Pageantopolis |access-date=24 May 2011 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623082606/http://www.pageantopolis.com/international/world_1976.htm |archive-date=23 June 2011 }}</ref> South Africa competed for the last time in 1977, before returning in 1991 as [[Apartheid in South Africa|apartheid]] disintegrated.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pageantopolis.com/international/world_1977.htm |title=Miss World 1977 |publisher=Pageantopolis |access-date=24 May 2011 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903002634/http://www.pageantopolis.com/international/world_1977.htm |archive-date=3 September 2011 }}</ref>
* The [[Miss World 1980|1980]] winner, [[Gabriella Brum]] of Germany, resigned one day after winning, initially claiming her boyfriend disapproved. A few days later it emerged that she had been forced to resign after it was discovered that she had posed naked for a magazine.<ref name="Pageantopolis - Miss World 1980">{{cite web|url=http://www.pageantopolis.com/international/world_1980.htm |title=Miss World 1980 |publisher=Pageantopolis |access-date=24 May 2011 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008201347/http://www.pageantopolis.com/international/world_1980.htm |archive-date= 8 October 2014 }}</ref>

===Nigeria 2002===
{{Main|Miss World 2002}}

In the year leading up the finals in Nigeria, several European title holders lobbied their governments and the EU parliament to support [[Amina Lawal]]'s cause.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thenation.com/doc/20021223/pollitt |title=As Miss World Turns |work=The Nation |access-date=24 May 2011}}</ref> A number of contestants followed the lead of [[Kathrine Sørland]] of Norway in boycotting the contest (despite the controversy, Sørland became a semifinalist in both the Miss World and Miss Universe contests), while others, such as Costa Rica, were instructed by their national governments and parliaments not to attend. Among the other boycotting nations were Denmark, Spain, Switzerland, Panama, Belgium and Kenya. There was further controversy over the possibly suspended participation of France and South Africa, which might or might not have been due to the boycott.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pageantopolis.com/international/World_2002.htm |title=Miss World 2002 |publisher=Pageantopolis |access-date=24 May 2011 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101124032347/http://www.pageantopolis.com/international/World_2002.htm |archive-date=24 November 2010 }}</ref> Lawal asked that contestants not suspend their participation in the contest, saying that it was for the good of her country and that they could, as the representative of Sweden had earlier remarked, make a much stronger case for her on the ground in Nigeria.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/africa/09/25/nigeria.stoning/ |title=Woman sentenced to stoning freed |publisher=CNN |date=26 September 2003 |access-date=24 May 2011}}</ref>

Despite the increasing international profile the boycott was garnering in the world press, the contest proceeded in Nigeria after being rescheduled to avoid taking place during Ramadan, with many prominent nations sending delegates. Osmel Sousa of Venezuela, one of the world's most influential national directors, said, "there is no question about it [the participation of Miss Venezuela in the contest]." But the trouble did not end there. A ''ThisDay'' ([[Lagos]], Nigeria) newspaper editorial suggesting that [[Muhammad]] would probably have chosen one of his wives from among the contestants had he been alive to see it resulted in inter-religious riots that started on 22 November in which over 200 people were killed in the city of [[Kaduna (city)|Kaduna]] and many houses of worship were burned by religious zealots.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2508131.stm |title=Nigeria riots toll 'passes 200' |work=BBC News |date=24 November 2002 |access-date=24 May 2011}}</ref> Because of these riots, the 2002 pageant was moved to London, following widely circulated reports that Canada's and Korea's representatives had withdrawn from the contest and returned to their respective countries out of safety concerns. A [[fatwa]] urging the beheading of the woman who wrote the offending words, [[Isioma Daniel]], was issued in Nigeria, but was declared null and void by the relevant Saudi Arabian authorities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isioma.net/sds03002.html |title=Miss World 2002 – The World at their Feet |publisher=Isioma.net |access-date=24 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Isioma Daniel |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/feb/17/gender.pressandpublishing |title=Nigerian journalist Isioma Daniel tells her story |work=The Guardian |location=UK |access-date=24 May 2011 |date=17 February 2003}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2518977.stm |title=Nigeria's journalist on the run |work=BBC News  |date=27 November 2002 |access-date=24 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://nigeriaworld.com/columnist/brisibe/112602.html |title=Miss World and Islam: "Fatwa" and Isioma Daniel a Nigerian "Fatwa" |publisher=Nigeria World |date=26 November 2002 |access-date=24 May 2011}}</ref> Upon the pageant's return to Britain, many of the boycotting contestants chose to attend, including Miss Norway, Kathrine Sørland, who was ironically tipped in the last few days as the favourite for the crown she had previously boycotted.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.moderngent.com/articles/miss_world_2002.php |title=Contestants boycott Miss World |work=Modern Gent |access-date=24 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110102230137/http://www.moderngent.com/articles/miss_world_2002.php |archive-date=2 January 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2002/10/27/wstone27.xml |title=– Don't boycott Nigeria's Miss World contest, begs mother facing stoning |publisher=Telegraph.co.uk |date=7 December 2013 |access-date=8 March 2014}}{{dead link|date=July 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2002/09/01/wmiss01.xml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030218082920/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2002/09/01/wmiss01.xml |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 February 2003 |title=– Contestants threaten Miss World boycott over stoning |publisher=Telegraph.co.uk |date=7 December 2013 |access-date=8 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/2219661.stm |title=Nigeria faces Miss World boycott threat |work=BBC News  |date=27 August 2002 |access-date=24 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2240790.stm |title=Miss World Nigeria boycott spreads |work=BBC News |date=6 September 2002 |access-date=24 May 2011}}</ref>

The eventual winner of the pageant was [[Azra Akın]] of Turkey, the first predominantly Muslim country to hold the title since Egypt in 1954.<ref name="Pageantopolis - Miss World">{{cite web|url=http://www.pageantopolis.com/international/world.htm |title=Miss World |publisher=Pageantopolis |access-date=24 May 2011 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623084339/http://www.pageantopolis.com/international/world.htm |archive-date=23 June 2011 }}</ref>

===Indonesia 2013===
{{Main|Miss World 2013}}
In Miss World 2013, protests by Islamic groups began a few weeks before the contest began, resulting in the pageant's finale and all pre-pageant activities being isolated to Hindu-majority [[Bali]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Religious fury alters Miss World in Indonesia|website=[[CNN]]|date=27 September 2013|url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/09/27/world/asia/miss-world-pageant/index.html}}</ref>

===China 2015===
{{Main|Miss World 2015}}
[[Anastasia Lin]], [[Miss World Canada]], was not given a visa to travel in China and hence missed the official deadline of 20 November 2015 for entry to the 2015 pageant, and was declared ''[[persona non grata]]'' by the [[Chinese Embassy, Ottawa|Chinese Embassy in Ottawa]] for openly criticizing [[Human rights in China|China's human rights violations]]. The Miss World Organization later allowed her to compete at Miss World 2016.<ref name=theglobeandmail27471171>{{cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com//news/national/miss-world-canada-blocked-from-contest-due-to-china-visa-denial/article27471171|title=Miss World Canada blocked from contest due to China visa denial|newspaper=The Globe and Mail|date=24 November 2015|access-date=19 June 2016|last1=Offman|first1=Craig}}</ref><ref name=theglobeandmail27476426>{{cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/miss-world-canada-deemed-unwelcome-by-china-ending-contest-hopes/article27476426/|title=China declares Miss World Canada contestant 'persona non grata'|access-date=29 December 2018}}</ref>

===Thailand 2020 and cancellation===
{{see also|COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand}}
After the 2019 pageant, the organization chose Thailand as the host country of Miss World 2020, to be held in [[Phuket]]. But due to the spread of [[COVID-19]], most national organizations and the Miss World organization agreed to cancel the 2020 pageant to assure the delegates' safety.

===Puerto Rico 2021 and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic===
{{Main|Miss World 2021}}{{see also|COVID-19 pandemic in Puerto Rico}}
The edition was originally scheduled for the end of 2020 but postponed indefinitely due to the global [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.caribbeanlifenews.com/jamaicas-miss-world-2020-will-reign-again/|title=Jamaica's Miss World 2020 will reign again|first=Vinette K.|last=Pryce|date=7 August 2020|website=Caribbean Life News}}</ref> On 8 March 2021, the date was set for 16 December 2021.<ref name="date">{{cite web|last=|first=|title=Celebrarán concurso internacional de Miss Mundo en Puerto Rico!|url=https://www.metro.pr/pr/entretenimiento/2021/03/08/confirmado-celebraran-concurso-internacional-miss-mundo-puerto-rico.html|access-date=9 March 2021|website=Metro|date=8 March 2021|language=es}}</ref> The threat of the [[SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant|Omicron variant]] had already been detected in some parts of the world during the pre-pageant activities, as the disease started swept across the island. On 14 December, [[Miss Indonesia|Miss World Indonesia Carla Yules]] tested positive for COVID-19. As a precaution, her roommate [[Femina Miss India 2020|Miss World India Manasa Varanasi]] and five others were classified as suspected cases. Miss World Organization chair [[Julia Morley]] confirmed that the delegates were isolated and quarantined and would not be onstage for the final show if they did not produce a negative PCR test.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.elnuevodia.com/entretenimiento/farandula/notas/investigan-posibles-casos-de-covid-19-entre-siete-concursantes-de-miss-mundo-2021/|title=Investigan casos sospechosos de COVID-19 entre siete concursantes de Miss Mundo 2021|date=14 December 2021|website=El Nuevo Día|accessdate=16 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://california18.com/seven-candidates-for-miss-world-isolated-due-to-possible-contagion-of-covid-19/2067242021/|title=Seven candidates for Miss World isolated due to possible contagion of covid-19|date=15 December 2021|accessdate=16 December 2021|archive-date=15 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211215022545/https://california18.com/seven-candidates-for-miss-world-isolated-due-to-possible-contagion-of-covid-19/2067242021/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.inews.id/lifestyle/seleb/kabar-terbaru-carla-yules-di-miss-world-2021-ini-penjelasan-liliana-tanoesoedibjo|title=Kabar Terbaru Carla Yules di Miss World 2021, Ini Penjelasan Liliana Tanoesoedibjo|date=15 December 2021|website=iNews.ID|accessdate=16 December 2021}}</ref><ref name="auto2">{{cite web|url=https://www.instagram.com/miss_world_malaysia/|title=Miss World Malaysia|website=Instagram|accessdate=16 December 2021}}</ref> On 15 December, the [[Puerto Rico Department of Health]] confirmed 17 positive cases for COVID-19 related to the Miss World pageant activities, including contestants and technical personnel.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thegoaspotlight.com/2021/12/16/they-identify-positive-cases-of-covid-19-related-to-miss-world-activities/|title=They identify positive cases of COVID-19 related to Miss World activities &#124; The Goa Sportlight|date=16 December 2021|accessdate=16 December 2021|archive-date=16 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216043951/https://thegoaspotlight.com/2021/12/16/they-identify-positive-cases-of-covid-19-related-to-miss-world-activities/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://ngoisao.net/17-nguoi-o-miss-world-duong-tinh-covid-19-4403981.html|title=17 người ở Miss World dương tính Covid-19|first=Ngôi|last=sao|website=Ngoisao|accessdate=16 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/lifestyle/fashion/2021/12/16/17-people-at-miss-world-2021-pageant-test-positive-for-covid-19-in-puerto-rico/|title=17 people at Miss World 2021 pageant test positive for Covid-19 in Puerto Rico|date=16 December 2021|website=The National|accessdate=16 December 2021}}</ref> On 16 December, it was announced that [[Miss World Malaysia|Miss World Malaysia Lavanya Sivaji]] had tested positive for COVID-19.<ref name="auto2"/> She was required to be isolated for 10 days and not permitted onstage during the finals. The finale, originally slated for 16 December, was postponed.<ref>{{cite web|date=17 December 2021|title=Miss World 2021 temporarily postponed after several Covid-19 positive cases|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/lifestyle/fashion/miss-world-2021-temporarily-postponed-after-several-covid-19-positive-cases-101639708067082.html|access-date=17 December 2021|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref> During a 16 December Puerto Rico Department of Health press conference, epidemiologist [[Melissa Marzán]] confirmed 15 staff and 23 contestant positive cases associated with Miss World. She added that pageant organizers, not the island's authorities, decided to postpone.<ref>{{cite web|date=17 December 2021|title=Miss World 2021 postponed hours before finale amid Covid-19 outbreak|url=https://edition.cnn.com/style/article/miss-world-2021-postponed-covid-19/index.html|access-date=17 December 2021|website=CNN|language=en}}</ref> The rescheduled 70th Miss World pageant took place on 16 March 2022, at [[Puerto Rico]]'s [[Coca-Cola Music Hall]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CXw7H3HDDLG/ |title=Miss World on Instagram: "Press Release – 21st December 2021 Miss World announces new Pageant Finale and Coronation Date; Globally Televised event stays in Puerto..." |publisher=Instagram.com |date=21 December 2021 |accessdate=3 March 2022}}</ref><ref>https://www.facebook.com/stories/1742997399111394/UzpfSVNDOjMyNzA0OTY5ODY1MTE1ODU=?view_single=true {{User-generated source|certain=yes|date=March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/life-style/miss-world-2021-pageant-finale-rescheduled-date-puerto-rico-manasa-varanasi-india-7684505/ |title=Miss World 2021 new pageant finale date has been announced  |publisher=Indianexpress.com |date=22 December 2021 |accessdate=3 March 2022}}</ref>