Editing Mikhail Lomonosov (section)

=== Return to Russia ===
Lomonosov returned to Russia in June 1741, after being abroad 4 years and 8 months.  A year later he was named an Adjunct of the Russian Academy of Science in the physics department.{{sfn|Menshutkin|1952|p=}} In May 1743, Lomonosov was accused, arrested, and held under house arrest for eight months, after he supposedly insulted various people associated with the academy. He was released and pardoned in January 1744 after apologising to all involved.{{sfn|Menshutkin|1952|p=}}

Lomonosov was made a full member of the academy and named professor of [[chemistry]] in 1745.{{sfn|Menshutkin|1952|p=}} He established the academy's first chemistry laboratory.<ref name="Cornwell Page 514">Cornwell, Neil and Christian, Nicole. ''Reference Guide to Russian Literature,'' p. 514. Taylor & Francis: London, 1998</ref> Eager to improve Russia's educational system, in 1755, Lomonosov joined his patron Count [[Ivan Shuvalov]] in founding [[Moscow State University|Moscow University]].<ref name="Cornwell Page 514"/>

In 1760, he was elected a Foreign Member of the [[Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences]]. In 1764, he was elected Foreign Member of the [[Academy of Sciences of the Institute of Bologna]].<ref>R. Crease and V. Shiltsev, "Mikhail Lomonosov (1711–1765): Scientist in Politically Turbulent Times" in Il Nuovo Saggiatore, vol. 33, issue 5–6 (2017), pp. 43–56 https://www.ilnuovosaggiatore.sif.it/issue/54 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180130092120/https://www.ilnuovosaggiatore.sif.it/issue/54 |date=30 January 2018 }}</ref> In 1764, Lomonosov was appointed to the position of the [[State Councillor (Russia)|State Councillor]] which was of Rank V in the Russian Empire's [[Table of Ranks]]. He died on 4 April (o.s.), 1765 in Saint Petersburg.  He is widely and deservingly regarded as the "Father of Russian Science,"<ref>V. Shiltsev, "Mikhail Lomonosov and the dawn of Russian science", ''Physics Today'' (February 2012), vol. 65, http://physicstoday.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/PT.3.1438</ref> though many of his scientific accomplishments were relatively unknown outside Russia until long after his death and gained proper appreciation only in late 19th and, especially, 20th centuries.