Editing Microarray (section)

==== Lithography ====
[[Lithography]] combines various methods like Photolithography, Interference lithography, laser writing, electron-beam and Dip pen. The most widely used and researched method remains Photolithography, in which photolithographic masks are used to target specific nucleotides to the surface. [[Ultraviolet|UV light]] is passed through the mask that acts as a filter to either transmit or block the light from the chemically protected microarray surface. If the [[Ultraviolet|UV light]] has been blocked, the area will remain protected from the addition of nucleotides, whereas in areas which were exposed to UV light, further nucleotides can be added. With this method high-quality custom arrays can be produced with a very high density of [[DNA]] features by using a compact device with few moving parts.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Miller |first1=Melissa B. |last2=Tang |first2=Yi-Wei |date=October 2009 |title=Basic Concepts of Microarrays and Potential Applications in Clinical Microbiology |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00019-09 |journal=Clinical Microbiology Reviews |volume=22 |issue=4 |pages=611–633 |doi=10.1128/cmr.00019-09 |pmid=19822891 |pmc=2772365 |s2cid=5865637 |issn=0893-8512}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Sack |first1=Matej |last2=Hölz |first2=Kathrin |last3=Holik |first3=Ann-Katrin |last4=Kretschy |first4=Nicole |last5=Somoza |first5=Veronika |last6=Stengele |first6=Klaus-Peter |last7=Somoza |first7=Mark M. |date=2016-03-02 |title=Express photolithographic DNA microarray synthesis with optimized chemistry and high-efficiency photolabile groups |journal=Journal of Nanobiotechnology |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=14 |doi=10.1186/s12951-016-0166-0 |pmid=26936369 |pmc=4776362 |issn=1477-3155 |doi-access=free }}</ref>