Editing Medford, Massachusetts (section)

===18th and 19th centuries===
The land south of the Mystic River, present-day [[South Medford, Massachusetts|South Medford]], was originally known as "Mistick Field". It was transferred from Charlestown to Medford in 1754.<ref>History of the Town of Medford, p. 5</ref> This grant also included the "Charlestown woodlots" (the Medford part of the Middlesex Fells), and part of what was at the time [[Woburn, Massachusetts|Woburn]] (now [[Winchester, Massachusetts|Winchester]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.medfordhistorical.org/medford-history/about-medford/a-quiet-country-town-18th-century-medford/|title=A Quiet Country Town: 18th Century Medford – Medford Historical Society & Museum|website=medfordhistorical.org|date=February 22, 2013 }}</ref> Other parts of Medford were transferred from Charlestown in 1811, Winchester in 1850 ("Upper Medford"), and Malden in 1879. Additional land was transferred to Medford from Malden (1817), Everett (1875), and Malden (1877) again.<ref name="History of Middlesex County, p. 158"/><ref name="mhs3">{{cite web|url=http://www.medfordhistorical.org/medford-history/about-medford/the-emerging-city-19th-century-medford/|title=The Emerging City: 19th Century Medford – Medford Historical Society & Museum|website=medfordhistorical.org|date=February 22, 2013 }}</ref>

The population of Medford rose from 230 in 1700 to 1,114 in 1800. After 1880, the population rapidly expanded, reaching 18,244 by 1900.<ref>United States census</ref> Farmland was divided into lots and sold to build residential and commercial buildings, starting in the 1840s and 1850s; government services expanded with the population (schools, police, post office) and technological advancement (gas lighting, electricity, telephones, railways).<ref name="mhs3" /> Tufts University was chartered in 1852 and the [[Crane Theological School]] at Tufts opened in 1869. In 1865, the [[Lawrence Rifles]] volunteer militia company was formed in Medford during the [[American Civil War|Civil War]].

Medford was incorporated as a city in 1892, and was a center of industry, including the manufacture of [[tile]]s and [[Cracker (food)|crackers]],<ref name=cityhistory>[http://www.medfordma.org/about-medford/history/ Medford city history]</ref> bricks,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.medfordhistorical.org/medford-history/about-medford/making-bricks-in-medford/|title=Making Bricks in Medford – Medford Historical Society & Museum|website=medfordhistorical.org|date=February 22, 2013 }}</ref> [[rum]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.medfordhistorical.org/medford-history/about-medford/medford-rum/|title=Medford Rum – Medford Historical Society & Museum|website=medfordhistorical.org|date=February 22, 2013 }}</ref> and [[clipper]] ships,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.medfordhistorical.org/medford-history/about-medford/medford-built-sailing-ships/|title=Medford-Built Sailing Ships – Medford Historical Society & Museum|website=medfordhistorical.org|date=February 22, 2013 }}</ref> such as the ''[[White Swallow (clipper)|White Swallow]]'' and the ''[[Kingfisher (clipper)|Kingfisher]]'', both built by Hayden & Cudworth.<ref name = "gleason">
{{Cite book
  | last = Gleason
  | first = Hall
  | title = Old Ships and Ship-Building Days of Medford
  | publisher = J.C. Miller
  | year = 1937
  | location = Medford, MA
  | page = 76}}
</ref>