Editing Maximus the Confessor (section)

===Trial and exile===
Maximus' refusal to accept Monothelitism caused him to be brought to the imperial capital of [[Constantinople]] to be tried as a [[Heresy|heretic]] in 658. In Constantinople, Monothelitism had gained the favor of both the Emperor and the Patriarch of Constantinople. Maximus stood behind the Dyothelite position and was sent back into exile for four more years. During his trial he was accused of aiding the Muslim conquests [[Muslim conquest of Egypt|in Egypt]] and [[Muslim conquest of the Maghreb|North Africa]], which he rejected as slander.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Walter Kaegi|author-link1=Walter Kaegi|title=Muslim Expansion and Byzantine Collapse in North Africa|date=2010|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521196772|page=87|edition=illustrated}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author1=Hans Urs von Balthasar|author-link1=Hans Urs von Balthasar|title=Cosmic Liturgy: The Universe According to Maximus the Confessor|date=2003|publisher=Ignatius Press|isbn=9780898707588|page=40}}</ref>
[[File:44-manasses-chronicle.jpg|thumb|[[Constans II]] (left) having Maximus beaten for refusing to accept [[Monothelitism]]. Miniature from the 12th century [[Manasses Chronicle]].]]
In 662, Maximus was placed on trial once more, and was once more convicted of heresy. Following the trial Maximus was tortured, having his tongue cut out, so he could no longer speak his rebellion, and his right hand cut off, so that he could no longer write letters.<ref>Gerald Berthold, "Maximus Confessor" in ''Encyclopedia of Early Christianity'', (New York:Garland, 1997) ({{ISBN|0-8153-1663-1}}).</ref> Maximus was then exiled to the [[Lazica]] or [[Colchis]] region of modern-day [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] and was cast in the fortress of Schemarum, perhaps Muris-Tsikhe near the modern town of [[Tsageri]].<ref>George C. Berthold (1985), ''Maximus Confessor: Selected Writings'', p. 31. Paulist Press, {{ISBN|0-8091-2659-1}}.</ref> He died soon thereafter, on 13 August 662.<ref>For example, see [http://www.catholic-forum.com/Saints/saintm96.htm Catholic Forum] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070625134928/http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/saintm96.htm |date=2007-06-25 }}. The injuries Maximus sustained while being tortured and the conditions of his exile both contributed to his death, causing Maximus to be considered a martyr by many.</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xq8DujoXVOoC&pg=PA40|title=Maximus the Confessor and his Companions: Documents from Exile|last1=Allen|first1=Pauline|last2=Neil|first2=Bronwen|date=2003-01-16|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=9780191583421|pages=40|language=en}}</ref> The events of the trials of Maximus were recorded by [[Anastasius Bibliothecarius]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qthjDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA58|title=Maximus the Confessor: Jesus Christ and the Transfiguration of the World|last=Blowers|first=Paul M.|date=2016-02-04|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780191068805|pages=58|language=en}}</ref>