Editing Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor (section)

===Governor of Austria===
He returned to Austria in 1583, where he settled in [[Linz]] with a small household. He made several unsuccessful attempts to get elected as bishop of ([[Prince-Bishopric of Münster|Münster]], [[Prince-Bishopric of Liège|Liège]], [[Prince-Bishopric of Speyer|Speyer]]). In 1586, negotiations for the succession of [[King of Poland|Polish]] King [[Stephen Báthory]] were equally unsuccessful. He also applied for the regency in [[County of Tyrol|Tyrol]] and [[Further Austria]]. It was only after his brother Ernest was appointed General Governor in the [[Spanish Netherlands|Netherlands]] in 1593, where he ruled from 1594, that Matthias secured governance over Austria.<ref name="bio">{{Cite web |title=Matthias Kaiser |url=https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/gnd119400839.html#ndbcontent |publisher=Deutsche Biographie |access-date=2 March 2020}}</ref><ref name="bab">{{Cite web |title=Matthias and Rudolf II: the beginning of the 'Bruderzwist |url=https://www.habsburger.net/en/chapter/matthias-and-rudolf-ii-beginning-bruderzwist |last=Martin Mutschlechner |publisher=Die Welt der Habsburger |access-date=4 March 2020}}</ref>

He was immediately confronted with the vigorous advocacy of their religious rights among the [[Protestant]] estates. The problems were exacerbated by the high taxes and the troops who were raised as a result of the [[Long Turkish War]].<ref name="Lewis2002">{{Cite book |last=Bernard Lewis |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0O9jARjPYlYC |title=What Went Wrong?: Western Impact and Middle Eastern Response |date=24 January 2002 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-803295-3}}</ref> In 1595 and 1597 the farmers in [[Lower Austria|Lower]] and [[Upper Austria]] revolted in the hope of negotiating with the emperor. Matthias forced the insurgents into submission with mercenary troops.<ref name="Wilson2009">{{Cite book |last=Peter H. Wilson |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XgtpAl8HzjcC |title=The Thirty Years War: Europe's Tragedy |publisher=Harvard University Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-674-03634-5}}</ref>

After the uprising had been quelled, Matthias's policies on religion changed. If there had been Protestants at his court, he now went on a strict [[Counter-Reformation]] course. His chancellor had been [[Melchior Khlesl]], bishop and administrator of [[Wiener Neustadt]] from 1599 and a supporter of the Counter-Reformation. Matthias appointed him in 1594 to 1595 and again in 1598 to 1600 as nominal commander in chief in the Turkish War and as his representative to the Hungarian Diet.<ref>{{Cite web |title=TMelchior Cardinal Klesl |url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bklesl.html |publisher=Catholic-Hierarchy |access-date=2 March 2020}}</ref><ref name="Bireley2014">{{Cite book |last=Robert Bireley |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7q70BQAAQBAJ&pg=PR7 |title=Ferdinand II, Counter-Reformation Emperor, 1578–1637 |date=17 November 2014 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-316-16520-1 |pages=7–}}</ref>