Editing Manila Bay (section)

=== Mangroves ===
[[File:Looming Urbanization near Las Piñas-Parañaque Critical Habitat and Ecotourism Area (LPPCHEA).jpg|thumb|Mangrove trees along Manila Bay.]]
The mangrove ecosystem around Manila Bay has both ecological and socioeconomic uses with its association of unique plant and animal species.
Of the original {{convert|54,000|ha}} of mangroves existing at the turn of the 20th century, only  {{convert|794|ha}} are remaining as recorded in 1995.<ref name="bfar 1995">Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources – BFAR. (1995). Fisheries Sector Program – Resources and Ecological Assessment of Manila Bay. Final Report. BFAR- Department of Agriculture, Quezon City, Philippines.</ref> A few of the mangrove swamps remaining in Pampanga Bay are of considerable value for research and conservation education.<ref name="nwrc 1983">National Water Resources Council - NWRC. (1983). Framework Plan: Pampanga River Basins. Report No. 24-3A.</ref> As natural habitats, mangroves considerably help in acting as a protective buffer against cyclones and storms.

Predominant in the bay area are [[Avicennia marina]] (gray or white mangrove)  together with 15 species of mangroves belonging to 9 families that grow there. In the Bataan area, species of mangrove swamps that are found thriving include:
*''[[Rhizophora apiculata]]'' (''bakhaw lalaki'' in Filipino)
*''[[Rhizophora mucronata]]'' (Asiatic mangrove)
*''[[Avicennia marina]]'' (gray or white mangrove)
*''[[Nypa fruticans]]'' (nipa palm)
*''[[Sonneratia alba]]'' (no common name)
*''[[Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea]]'' (''nilad'' in Filipino)
*''[[Sonneratia acida]]'' (''pagatpat'' in Filipino)
*''[[Acanthus ilicifolius]]'' (holly-leaved acanthus)
*''[[Excoecaria agallocha]]'' (milky mangrove)

Plantations of ''[[Cocos nucifera]]'' (coconut palm) co-exists with the mangroves found in these areas.