Editing Manchuria (section)

====Origins====
The geographical term "Manchuria" was first used in the 18th or 19th century by the [[Japan]]ese. "Manchuria" – variations of which arrived in European languages through [[Dutch language|Dutch]] – is a [[calque]] of [[Latin]] of the Japanese placename ''Manshū'' {{nowrap|({{lang|ja|{{linktext|満州}}}},}} "Region of the Manchus"), which dates from the 18th century.<ref name="Tatsuo"/>

According to the American researcher Mark C. Elliott, the term ''Manshū'' first appeared as a placename in Katsuragawa Hoshū's 1794 work ''Hokusa Bunryaku'' in two maps, "Ashia zenzu" and "Chikyū hankyū sōzu", which were also created by Katsuragawa.<ref>[https://www.jstor.org/stable/2658945 Elliot 2000] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170126060127/https://www.jstor.org/stable/2658945 |date=26 January 2017 }}, p. 626.</ref> According to Junko Miyawaki-Okada, Japanese geographer Takahashi Kageyasu was the first to use the term ''Manshū'' as a toponym in 1809 in the ''Nippon Henkai Ryakuzu'', and it was from that work that Westerners adopted the name.<ref name="japanese1">[https://books.google.com/books?id=LbmP_1KIQ_8C&pg=PA159] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221116111259/https://books.google.com/books?id=LbmP_1KIQ_8C&pg=PA159|date=16 November 2022}}{{harvnb|Pozzi|2006|p=159}}.</ref><ref name="japanese2">[https://books.google.com/books?id=LbmP_1KIQ_8C&pg=PA167] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221116111300/https://books.google.com/books?id=LbmP_1KIQ_8C&pg=PA167|date=16 November 2022}}{{harvnb|Pozzi|2006|p=167}}.</ref> By the 1830s, various Indo-European forms of ''Manshū'' could be found.<ref name="Elliot 2000"/> However, according to Li Narangoa, the term was introduced to Japan in the 18th century through European maps following [[Jesuits|Jesuit]] conventions.{{sfn|Narangoa|2002|p=5}}

''Manshū'' then increasingly appeared on maps by Japanese cartographers such as Kondi Jūzō, Takahashi Kageyasu, Baba Sadayoshi, and Yamada Ren. Their maps were brought to Europe by [[Philipp Franz von Siebold]].<ref name="Elliot 2000">[https://www.jstor.org/stable/2658945 Elliot 2000] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170126060127/https://www.jstor.org/stable/2658945 |date=26 January 2017 }}, p. 628.</ref> According to Japanese scholar Nakami Tatsuo, Siebold was the one who brought the usage of the term ''Manchuria'' to Europeans after borrowing it from the Japanese, who were the first to use it in a geographic manner in the 18th century.<ref name="Tatsuo"/>