Editing Magenta (section)

==History==

===Fuchsine and magenta dye (1859)===
[[File:Carte du Duché de Bouillon (1864).jpg|thumb|160px|right|An 1864 map showing the [[Duchy of Bouillon]] in magenta]]
The color magenta was the result of the industrial chemistry revolution of the mid-nineteenth century, which began with the invention by [[William Perkin]] of [[mauveine]] in 1856, which was the first synthetic [[aniline dye]]. The enormous commercial success of the dye and the new color it produced, [[mauve]], inspired other chemists in Europe to develop new colors made from aniline dyes.<ref name=Ball214>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3Bd3KqmkhPMC&q=aniline+mauve+magenta&pg=PA214 |title=Bright Earth: Art and the Invention of Color |author=Philip Ball  |edition=illustrated |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2001  |isbn=978-0226036281  |page=214 |access-date=27 July 2014}} Originally referenced from French edition pp. 311–312 {{ISBN|978-2754105033}}</ref>

In France, François-Emmanuel Verguin, the director of the chemical factory of Louis Rafard near [[Lyon]], tried many different formulae before finally in late 1858 or early 1859, mixing aniline with [[carbon tetrachloride]], producing a reddish-purple dye which he called "[[fuchsine]]", after the color of the flower of the fuchsia plant.<ref name="StClair2">{{Cite book|title=The Secret Lives of Colour|last=St. Clair|first=Kassia|publisher=John Murray|year=2016|isbn=978-1473630819|location=London|pages=16–168|oclc=936144129}}</ref> He quit the Rafard factory and took his color to a firm of paint manufacturers, Francisque and Joseph Renard, who began to manufacture the dye in 1859.

In the same year, two British chemists, Edward Chambers Nicholson and George Maule, working at the laboratory of the paint manufacturer George Simpson, located in Walworth, south of London, made another aniline dye with a similar red-purple color, which they began to manufacture in 1860 under the name "roseine". In 1860, they changed the name of the color to "magenta", in honor of the [[Battle of Magenta]] fought by the armies of France and [[Kingdom of Sardinia|Sardinia]] against Austrians at [[Magenta, Lombardy]] the year before, and the new color became a commercial success.<ref name=Ball214/><ref>Maerz and Paul. ''A Dictionary of Color'', New York: 1930 McGraw-Hill. p. 126 Plate 52 Color Sample K12–Magenta</ref>

Starting in 1935, the family of [[quinacridone]] dyes was developed. These have colors ranging from red to violet, so nowadays a quinacridone dye is often used for magenta. Various tones of magenta—light, bright, brilliant, vivid, rich, or deep—may be formulated by adding varying amounts of white to quinacridone artist's paints.

Another dye used for magenta is [[Lithol Rubine BK]]. One of its uses is as a food coloring.

===Process magenta (pigment magenta; printer's magenta) (1890s)===
{{infobox color
|title=Process magenta (subtractive primary, sRGB approximation)
|hex=FF0090
|isccname=Vivid purplish red
}}
In [[color printing]], the color called '''process magenta''', '''pigment magenta''', or '''printer's magenta''' is one of the three primary pigment colors which, along with [[yellow]] and [[cyan]], constitute the three [[Primary colors#Color space primaries|subtractive primary colors]] of pigment. (The secondary colors of pigment are blue, green, and red.) As such, the hue magenta is the [[complementary color|complement]] of [[green]]: magenta [[pigment]]s absorb green light; thus magenta and green are opposite colors.

The [[CMYK]] printing process was invented in the 1890s, when newspapers began to publish color [[comic strip]]s.

Process magenta is not an [[RGB]] color, and there is no fixed conversion from CMYK primaries to RGB. Different formulations are used for printer's ink, so there may be variations in the printed color that is pure magenta ink.
{{Clear}}

===Web colors magenta and fuchsia===
{{infobox color
|title=Magenta (Fuchsia)
|hex=FF00FF
|source=[[X11 color names|X11]]
|isccname=Vivid purple}}
The [[web color]] '''magenta''' is one of the three secondary colors in the [[RGB color model]].
On the [[:File:RGB color wheel.svg|RGB color wheel]], magenta is the color between [[Rose (color)|rose]] and [[Violet (color)|violet]], and halfway between [[red]] and [[blue]].

This color is called ''magenta'' in [[X11 color names|X11]] and ''fuchsia'' in [[HTML]]. In the RGB color model, it is created by combining equal intensities of red and blue light. The two web colors magenta and '''fuchsia''' are exactly the same color. Sometimes the web color magenta is called ''electric magenta'' or ''electronic magenta''.

While the magenta used in printing and the web color have the same name, they have important differences. Process magenta (the color used for magenta printing ink—also called printer's or pigment magenta) is much less vivid than the color magenta achievable on a computer screen. CMYK printing technology cannot accurately reproduce on paper the color on the computer screen. When the web color magenta is reproduced on paper, it is called fuchsia and it is physically impossible for it to appear on paper as vivid as on a computer screen.

Colored pencils and [[crayon]]s called "magenta" are usually colored the color of ''process magenta'' (''printer's magenta'').