Editing Logo (section)

==Logo design==

Since a logo is the visual entity signifying an organization, logo design is an important area of [[graphic design]]. A logo is the central element of a complex identification system that must be functionally extended to all communications of an organization. Therefore, the design of logos and their incorporation in a visual identity system is one of the most difficult and important areas of graphic design. Logos fall into three classifications (which can be combined). Ideographs, such as [[Chase Bank]], are completely abstract forms; pictographs are iconic, representational designs; logotypes (or wordmarks) depict the name or company initials. These elements can be combined in a set position and relative size in a logo lock-up, so named because elements are "locked" together and should not be broken apart or resized individually.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://designtlc.com/what-is-the-difference-between-a-logotype-logomark-and-logo-lockup/ |title=What is the difference between a logotype, logomark, and logo lockup? |last= |first= |date=August 1, 2020 |website=DesignTLC.com |publisher=Design TLC |access-date=June 22, 2021 |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624210224/https://designtlc.com/what-is-the-difference-between-a-logotype-logomark-and-logo-lockup/ |url-status=live }}</ref>  Because logos are meant to represent companies' brands or corporate identities and foster their immediate customer recognition, it is counterproductive to frequently redesign logos.

The logo design profession has substantially increased in numbers over the years since the rise of the [[Modernist movement]] in the [[United States]] in the 1950s.{{sfn|Meggs|1998|p=363}} Three designers are widely{{sfn|Meggs|1998|pp=369–374}} considered the pioneers of that movement and of logo and [[corporate identity]] design: The first is [[Chermayeff & Geismar]],{{sfn|Meggs|1998|pp=373–374}} which is the firm responsible for many iconic logos, such as [[Chase (bank)|Chase]] Bank (1964), [[Mobil Oil]] (1965), [[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]] (1984), [[NBC]] (1986), [[National Geographic Society|National Geographic]] (2003), and others. Due to the simplicity and boldness of their designs, many of their earlier logos are still in use today. The firm recently designed logos for the [[Library of Congress]] and the fashion brand [[Armani Exchange]]. Another pioneer of corporate identity design is [[Paul Rand]],{{sfn|Meggs|1998|p=369}} who was one of the originators of the Swiss Style of [[graphic design]]. He designed many posters and corporate identities, including the famous logos for [[IBM]], [[United Parcel Service|UPS]], and [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]]. The third pioneer of corporate identity design is [[Saul Bass]].{{sfn|Meggs|1998|p=375}} Bass was responsible for several recognizable logos in North America, including both the Bell Telephone logo (1969) and successor [[AT&T Corporation]] globe (1983). Other well-known designs were [[Continental Airlines]] (1968), Dixie (1969), and [[United Way of America|United Way]] (1972). Later, he would produce logos for a number of Japanese companies as well.
An important development in the documentation of logo design is the study of French trademarks by historian Edith Amiot and philosopher Jean Louis Azizollah.<ref>Les Marques Francaises 1824–1974</ref>