Editing Leonard Bloomfield (section)

===Sanskrit studies===
As part of his training with leading Indo-Europeanists in Germany in 1913 and 1914 Bloomfield studied the Sanskrit grammatical tradition originating with [[Pāṇini]], who lived in northwestern [[India]] during the fifth or fourth century BC.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Pāṇini: a survey of research|last=Cardona|first=George|date=1997|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|isbn=8120814940|location=Delhi|language=en|oclc = 1014545991}}</ref> Pāṇini's grammar is characterized by its extreme thoroughness and explicitness in accounting for Sanskrit linguistic forms, and by its complex context-sensitive, rule-based generative structure. Bloomfield noted that "Pāṇini gives the formation of every inflected, compounded, or derived word, with an exact statement of the sound-variations (including accent) and of the meaning".<ref>Bloomfield, Leonard, 1929, 274; cited in Rogers, David, 1987, p. 88</ref> In a letter to Algonquianist Truman Michelson, Bloomfield noted "My models are Pāṇini and the kind of work done in Indo-European by my teacher, Professor Wackernagel of Basle."<ref>Hockett, Charles, 1987, p. 41</ref>

Pāṇini's systematic approach to analysis includes components for: (a) forming grammatical rules, (b) an inventory of sounds, (c) a list of verbal roots organized into sublists, and (d) a list of classes of [[Morpheme|morphs]].<ref>Rogers, David, 1987, 90</ref> Bloomfield's approach to key linguistic ideas in his textbook ''Language'' reflect the influence of Pāṇini in his treatment of basic concepts such as ''linguistic form'', ''free form'', and others. Similarly, Pāṇini is the source for Bloomfield's use of the terms ''exocentric'' and ''endocentric'' used to describe [[Compound (linguistics)|compound]] words.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Wujastyk|first=Dominik|date=1982|title=Bloomfield and the Sanskrit Origin of the Terms 'Exocentric' and 'Endocentric'|journal= Historiographia Linguistica|language=en|volume=9|issue=1–2|pages=179–184|doi=10.1075/hl.9.1-2.19wuj|issn=0302-5160}}</ref><ref>Rogers, David, 1987, pp. 103–114</ref> Concepts from Pāṇini are found in ''Eastern Ojibwa'', published posthumously in 1958, in particular his use of the concept of a [[Null morpheme|morphological zero]], a [[morphology (linguistics)|morpheme]] that has no overt realization.<ref>Rogers, David, 1987, pp. 120–122</ref> Pāṇini's influence is also present in Bloomfield's approach to determining [[Lexical category|parts of speech]] (Bloomfield uses the term "form-classes") in both ''Eastern Ojibwa'' and in the later ''Menomini language'', published posthumously in 1962.<ref>Rogers, David, 1987, pp. 126–128</ref>