Editing Legnica (section)

===Early Poland===
{{See also|Battle of Legnica}}
[[File:Battle of Legnica1241-From Legend of Saint Hedwig.jpg|thumb|left|[[Battle of Legnica]], medieval illuminated manuscript, collection of the [[J. Paul Getty Museum]] in [[Los Angeles, California]]]]

Slavic [[Lechitic languages|Lechitic]] tribes moved into the area in the 8th century.

The city was first officially mentioned in [[chronicle]]s from 1004,<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.staypoland.com/cityHistory.aspx?TownId=71&lang=pl |title = Legnica}}</ref> although settlement dates to the 7th century. [[Dendrochronology|Dendrochronological]] research proves that during the reign of [[Mieszko I of Poland]], a new fortified settlement was built here in a style typical of the early [[Piast dynasty]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Korta|first=Wacław|year=2013|title=Historia Śląska do 1763 roku|language=pl|location=Warsaw|publisher=DiG|page=63}}</ref> It is mentioned in 1149 when High Duke [[Bolesław IV the Curly]] funded a chapel at the St. Benedict monastery.<ref name="arch">{{Cite journal |last=Łaborewicz |first=Edyta |date=1997 |title=ŹRÓDŁA DO DZIEJÓW KOŚCIOŁA W LEGNICY |url=https://www.archiwa.gov.pl/images/docs/archeion/Arch_XCVII.pdf |language=Polish | journal=Archeion | volume=97 |issn=0066-6041 | pages=149–153}}</ref> Legnica was the most likely place of residence for Bolesław<ref name="bar">{{cite journal | title=Polscy święci | author=Bar, Joachim Roman | journal=Akademia Teologii Katolickiej | year=1986 | volume=9–10 | pages=36}}</ref> and it became the residence of the [[List of Polish monarchs|high dukes of Poland]] in 1163<ref name=EB1911/> and was the seat of a [[Duchy of Legnica|principality]] ruled from 1248 until 1675.

Legnica became famous for the [[Battle of Legnica|battle]] that took place at [[Legnickie Pole]] near the city on 9 April 1241 during the [[First Mongol invasion of Poland]]. The Christian army of the Polish duke [[Henry II the Pious]] of Silesia, supported by feudal nobility, which included in addition to Poles, Bavarian miners and [[Military order (society)|military orders]] and Czech troops, was decisively defeated by the [[Mongols]]. The Mongols killed Henry and destroyed his forces, then turned south to rejoin the rest of the Mongol armies, which were massing at the Plain of [[Muhi|Mohi]] in [[Hungary]] via [[Moravia]] against a coalition of King Bela IV and his armies, and Bela's Kipchak allies.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=SINOR |first=DENIS |title=The Mongols in the West |date=1999 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41933117 |journal=Journal of Asian History |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=1–44 |jstor=41933117 |issn=0021-910X}}</ref>

[[File:Legnica 1 lo 10100010.jpg|thumb|Former Dominican monastery and burial site of [[Bolesław II the Horned]]]]

After the war, nonetheless, the city was developing rapidly. In 1258 at the church of St. Peter, a parish school was established, probably the first of its kind in Poland.<ref name=ZL>{{cite web|url=http://zabytki.legnica.eu/historia-legnicy/od-miasta-lokacyjnego-do-konca-czasow-piastowskich|title=Od miasta lokacyjnego do końca czasów piastowskich|website=Legnica.eu|access-date=8 November 2019|language=pl}}</ref> Around 1278 a Dominican monastery was founded by [[Bolesław II the Horned]],<ref name=ZL/> who was buried there as the only [[List of Polish monarchs|monarch of Poland]] to be buried in Legnica. Already by 1300 there was a city council in Legnica.<ref name=ZL/> Duke [[Bolesław III the Generous]] granted new trade [[privilege (law)|privileges]] in 1314 and 1318 and allowed the construction of a town hall, and in 1337 the first waterworks were built.<ref name=ZL/> In the years 1327–1380 a new [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] church of Saint Peter (today's Cathedral) was erected in place of the old one,<ref name=ZL/> and is one of Legnica's landmarks since. Also by the 14th century the city walls were erected.<ref name=ZL/> In 1345 the first coins were produced in the local mint.<ref name=ZL/> In 1374, the potters' guild was founded, as one of the oldest in Silesia.<ref name=ZL/> [[List of Polish consorts|Queen consort of Poland]] [[Hedwig of Sagan]] died in Legnica in 1390 and was buried in the local collegiate church, which has not survived to this day.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://legnica.gosc.pl/doc/4457212.Krolowa-z-drugiej-ligi|title=Królowa z drugiej ligi|website=Legnica.Gosc.pl|date=18 January 2018|access-date=7 March 2020|language=pl}}</ref>