Editing Lazio (section)

== Economy ==
{{More citations needed section|date=February 2025}} 
[[File:Palazzo Eni (Rome) in 2021.02.jpg|thumb|Headquarters of [[Eni]] in [[EUR, Rome|EUR]], [[Rome]]]]
Agriculture, crafts, animal husbandry and fishery are the main traditional sources of income. Agriculture is characterized by the cultivation of wine grapes, fruit, vegetables and olives. Lazio is the main growing region of [[Kiwifruit|kiwifruit]] in Italy.

Approximately 73% of the working population are employed in the services sector, which contribute 85.8% of regional GDP; this is a considerable proportion, but is justified by the presence of Rome, which is the core of public administration, media, utility, telecommunication, transport, tourism and other sectors. Many national and multinational corporations, public and private, have their headquarters in Rome ([[Eni|ENI]], [[Anonima Petroli Italiana|Italiana Petroli]], [[Enel]], [[Acea (company)|Acea]], [[Terna Group|Terna]], [[Gruppo TIM|TIM]], [[Poste italiane]], [[Leonardo S.p.A.|Leonardo]], [[ITA Airways]], [[Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane]], [[RAI]]).

Lazio's limited industrial sector and highly developed service industries allowed the region to well outperform the Italian economy in 2009 in the heart of the global financial crisis, but it was strongly affected by the [[COVID-19]] crisis of 2020–2021 due to the lock-downs.

Industrial development in Lazio is limited to the areas south of Rome. Communications and – above all – the setting of the border of the [[Cassa per il Mezzogiorno|Cassa del Mezzogiorno]] some kilometers south of Rome have influenced the position of industry, favouring the areas with the best links to Rome and those near the [[Autostrada A1 (Italy)|Autostrada del Sole]], especially around [[Frosinone]]. Additional factor was cheap energy supply from [[Latina Nuclear Power Plant]] and [[Garigliano Nuclear Power Plant]], which are now out of the operation after Italian nuclear energy referendum.

=== Industry ===
[[File:2017_Alfa_Romeo_Giulia_Veloce_TB_Automatic_2.0_Front.jpg|thumb|[[Alfa Romeo Giulia (952)|Alfa Romeo Giulia]]]]
[[File:Calc%C3%A1reo_Travertino1.jpg|thumbnail|[[Travertine]]]]

Industry contributes a small part of GDP: its share is 8.9% compared to 25.0% in [[Veneto]] and 24.0% in [[Emilia-Romagna]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://dati.istat.it/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=DCCN_PILPRODT |title=Prodotto interno lordo lato produzione – dati territoriali (milioni di euro) – edizioni precedenti ottobre 2014<!-- Titolo generato automaticamente --> |access-date=26 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150503131905/http://dati.istat.it/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=DCCN_PILPRODT |archive-date=3 May 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> In [[Rome]] it is even less with 7%, compared with 12% from tourism. Since a large part of Lazio's GDP is produced by the [[service sector]], with high [[value added]].

Firms are often small to medium in size and operate in the 
* oil refining ([[Gaeta]])
* automobile ([[Alfa Romeo Cassino Plant|Cassino Plant]], which produced 53,422 [[Alfa Romeo]] cars in 2020 and has 3,433 employees.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.startmag.it/smartcity/stellantis-cosa-succedera-agli-stabilimenti-fca-di-torino-pomigliano-e-melfi/|title=Stellantis Report 2020|date=11 January 2021|language=it}}</ref>)
* yachts and boats (Canados Shipyard in [[Ostia (Rome)|Rome-Ostia]])
* engineering ([[Rieti]], [[Anagni]] (rotor blades and composite structures;<ref name="Leo1"/> stone extractions machines Fantoni Sud), [[Frosinone]] (helicopter transmissions<ref name="Leo1"/>)) 
* electronic ([[Viterbo]], [[Rome]], [[Pomezia]],<ref name="Leo1"/> [[Latina, Lazio|Latina]]<ref name="Leo1"/>). A large [[Texas Instruments]] plant in [[Rieti]] was closed with the loss of thousands of jobs.
* building and building materials ([[Rome]], [[Civitavecchia]])
**Well-developed [[travertine]]-processing industry, especially in the Ausoni-Tiburtina area ([[Tivoli, Lazio|Tivoli]] and [[Guidonia Montecelio]] quarries).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iltravertino.com/|title=Societa del Travertino Romano|language=it}}</ref> 
**ca. 70% of the national sanitary ceramics comes from [[Civita Castellana]] industrial district and [[Gaeta]] 
* textile ([[:it:Distretto tessile della Valle del Liri|Valle del Liri]]). In the district the production relationships are mostly of the subcontractor type, 40% of the companies produce semi-finished and finished products not intended for marketing.

There is some R&D activity in [[high technology]]: [[IBM]] ([[IBM Rome Software Lab]]), [[Ericsson]], [[Leonardo S.p.A.|Leonardo Electronics]] (Rome-Tiburtina, Rome-Laurentina, [[Pomezia]], [[Latina, Lazio|Latina]]),<ref name="Leo1">{{cite web|url=https://www.leonardocompany.com/en/global/europe/italy|title=Leonardo locations in Italy|access-date=2021-05-14|archive-date=2021-06-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628055214/https://www.leonardocompany.com/en/global/europe/italy|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Rheinmetall]] ("Radar House") and tire industry: [[Bridgestone]] (R&D center in [[Rome]] and proving grounds in [[Aprilia, Lazio|Aprilia]]).

===Consumer goods===
The most distinctive industry in Lazio is production of household chemicals, pharmaceutical, hygiene goods and medical products: [[Sigma-Tau]], [[Johnson & Johnson]], [[Procter & Gamble]], [[Colgate Palmolive]], [[Henkel]], [[Pfizer]], [[Abbott Laboratories|Abbott]], [[Catalent]], [[Angelini]], [[Menarini]], Biopharma, [[Wepa (company)|Wepa]].

===Space===
* [[Avio]] in [[Colleferro]] has headquarters and make research, development and manufacturing of solid propellant motors and liquid propellant engines for launch vehicles and tactical propulsion systems; boosters for [[Ariane 5]] rocket
* Satellite services are provided from [[Telespazio]] which headquarters in [[Rome]] 
* [[Thales Alenia Space]] has 2 locations in [[Rome]] (Tiburtina and Saccomuro) and makes design and integration of terrestrial observation, navigation and telecommunications satellites

=== Agriculture ===
[[File:Kiwis_006eue.jpg|thumbnail|right|Kiwifruit]]
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Cereals<ref>[http://dati-censimentoagricoltura.istat.it/?lang=it# Istat:Censimento Agricoltura 2010]</ref>
!Сultivated area, ha
|-
|[[Durum wheat]]
|style="text-align:right;"|53,398
|-
|[[Barley]]
|style="text-align:right;"|14,294
|-
|[[Wheat]]
|style="text-align:right;"|12,850
|-
|[[Maize]]
|style="text-align:right;"|11,720
|-
|[[Oats]]
|style="text-align:right;"|5,635
|}

From fruits the most important are [[kiwifruit]] (1st place in Italy) and [[Corylus avellana|hazel nuts]] "Nocciola romana". Italy itself is the second largest producer of kiwifruit worldwide and was surpassed only by [[China]]. Infrastructure which has been used for grape growing was easily adapted for kiwifruit cultivation.

=== Animal husbandry ===
[[File:Pecorino_romano_cheese.jpg|thumbnail|right|[[Pecorino romano|''Pecorino romano'' cheese]]]]
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!2019<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.regione.lazio.it/statistica/it/lazio-in-numeri/agricoltura/allevamenti |title=Annuario statistico Regione Lazio |access-date=2021-05-13 |archive-date=2021-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513231616/http://www.regione.lazio.it/statistica/it/lazio-in-numeri/agricoltura/allevamenti |url-status=dead }}</ref>
!Italy
!Share %
!Lazio
!Share %
!% Lazio in <br />Italian Total
|-
|Cattle
|style="text-align:right;"|5,974,947
|style="text-align:right;"|26.0%
|style="text-align:right;"|202,124
|style="text-align:right;"|18.4%
|style="text-align:right;"|3.4%
|-
|Buffalo
|style="text-align:right;"|402,286
|style="text-align:right;"|1.8%
|style="text-align:right;"|60,821
|style="text-align:right;"|5.5%
|style="text-align:right;"|15.1%
|-
|Sheep
|style="text-align:right;"|7,000,880
|style="text-align:right;"|30.5%
|style="text-align:right;"|750,529
|style="text-align:right;"|68.2%
|style="text-align:right;"|10.7%
|-
|Goats
|style="text-align:right;"|1,058,720
|style="text-align:right;"|4.6%
|style="text-align:right;"|35,194
|style="text-align:right;"|3.2%
|style="text-align:right;"|3.3%
|-
|Pigs
|style="text-align:right;"|8,510,268
|style="text-align:right;"|37.1%
|style="text-align:right;"|51,740
|style="text-align:right;"|4.7%
|style="text-align:right;"|0.6%
|-
|'''Total'''
|style="text-align:right;"|22,947,101
|style="text-align:right;"|100.0%
|style="text-align:right;"|1,100,408
|style="text-align:right;"|100.0%
|style="text-align:right;"|4.8%
|}

Only sheep and buffalo herds are significant nationwide. Both are kept predominantly for milk, which is used in the production of ''[[pecorino romano]]'' and ''[[Buffalo mozzarella|mozzarella di bufala]]'' cheese. Sheep herds are the 3rd nationwide after [[Sardinia]] and [[Sicily]]. 40% of sheep are bred in [[province of Viterbo]].

=== Viticulture ===
Vineyards cover {{convert|47,884|ha|acre}} in Lazio. 90% of wines are white. In production of quality wine Lazio has rank 14 of 20 with 190.557 hl.
There are 3 DOCG wines:
* [[Frascati DOC|Frascati Superiore]]
* [[Frascati DOC|Cannellino di Frascati]]
* Cesanese del Piglio

=== Tourism ===
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:Colosseo 2020.jpg|The [[Colosseum]], symbol of Rome in the world, [[World Heritage Site]] and one of the [[New 7 Wonders of the World|seven wonders of the modern world]]
File:Musei Vaticani. Braccio Nuovo.JPG|The [[Vatican Museums]], one of the [[List of most-visited art museums|most visited art museums in the world]]
File:Faber Village, Lido di Ostia RM, Lazio, Italy - panoramio (3).jpg|[[Ostia (Rome)|Ostia Lido]] beach
File:Terminillo0000001.jpg|Skiers on the slope at Pian de' Valli ([[Monte Terminillo]]) 
File:Villa d'Este 01.jpg|[[Villa d'Este]] in [[Tivoli, Lazio|Tivoli]], [[World Heritage Site|UNESCO World Heritage Site]]
File:Doria Pamphili 6284.jpg|Casino del Bel Respiro, [[Villa Doria Pamphili]]
</gallery>

Tourism in Lazio is a thriving sector especially as regards tourism linked to art and monuments and places of interest in the region ([[Tourism in Rome|Rome]] in particular), religious tourism ([[Vatican City]], Rome and the sanctuaries of Lazio), summer seaside tourism especially in upper and lower Lazio ([[Santa Marinella]], [[Ladispoli]], [[Anzio]], [[Nettuno]], [[Sabaudia]], [[San Felice Circeo]], [[Terracina]], [[Sperlonga]], [[Gaeta]]) and summer/winter tourism in the [[ski resort]]s of the Lazio Apennines ([[Monte Terminillo]], [[Leonessa]], [[Cittareale]], Monte Livata, Campo Staffi and Campocatino, Altipiani di [[Arcinazzo Romano|Arcinazzo]]). Other points of interest in the region are the area of the [[Roman Castles]], located south-east of the city of Rome, around the [[Alban Hills]], made up of a group of towns and cities, partly in the territory of [[Latium Vetus]], surrounded by the [[Roman Campagna]]. Also the areas around [[Lake Bracciano]] and [[Lake Bolsena]], Lazio is home to 14 lakes of volcanic origin.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.italyreview.com/lakes-of-lazio.html|title=Lakes of Lazio|access-date=28 January 2024}}</ref> One of the most important archaeological park in [[Italy]] is [[Ostia Antica]], known as the port of ancient Rome, Ostia was a city of the Latium Vetus, located near the mouth of the [[Tiber river]]. [[Civita di Bagnoregio]], also known as "the dying city", has become a popular tourist destination in the country.

According to [[Italian National Institute of Statistics|Istat]] data relating to 2018, Lazio is one of the most visited regions in Italy and Europe and one of the first in terms of number of international presences. Rome is the most visited city in Italy with around 30 million visitors per year. Among the most visited sites of interest include the [[Colosseum]] and [[Imperial fora]], [[Castel Sant'Angelo]] and the complex of [[Hadrian's Villa]] and [[Villa d'Este]], among the museum itineraries the [[Pantheon, Rome|Pantheon]], the [[Gardens of Bomarzo]], the [[Abbey of Fossanova]], [[Monte Cassino Abbey]] and [[Farfa Abbey]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.istat.it/it/files//2019/12/C19.pdf|title=Movimento turistico Italia 2018|access-date=1 February 2024|language=it}}</ref>

Lazio has many small and picturesque villages, 25 of them have been selected by {{lang|it|[[I Borghi più belli d'Italia]]}} ({{langx|en|The most beautiful Villages of Italy}}),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://borghipiubelliditalia.it/lazio/|title=Lazio|date=9 January 2017 |access-date=1 August 2023|language=it}}</ref> a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.repubblica.it/viaggi/2023/01/16/news/borghi_piu_belli_italia_14_nuovi_2023-383794441/|title=Borghi più belli d'Italia. Le 14 novità 2023, dal Trentino alla Calabria|date=16 January 2023 |access-date=28 July 2023|language=it}}</ref> that was founded on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities.<ref>{{Cite web |url = http://borghipiubelliditalia.it/ |title = I Borghi più belli d'Italia, la guida online ai piccoli centri dell'Italia nascosta|access-date=3 May 2018|language=it}}</ref>

=== Statistics ===
Lazio [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] growth from 2013 to 2017 in [[euro]]:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!
!2013
!2014
!2015
!2016
!2017
|-
|Lazio
|181.204,9
|181,750.8
|183.417,6
|190,600.4
|193,796.8
|}
In 2019 there were 657,855 companies, 10.8% of the national total.

The table below shows the GDP, produced in Lazio at current market prices in 2006,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://dati.istat.it/ |title= Dati Istat – Tavole regionali |access-date=30 May 2023 }}</ref> expressed in millions of euros, broken down into the main economic macro-activities:
<div style="font-size:90%; border:0px; padding:0px; margin-left:1em; margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px; text-align:center">
{| class="wikitable" style="width:80%;"
|-
| align=left | '''Macro-economic activity''' || '''Product GDP''' || '''% sector on regional GDP''' || '''% sector on Italian GDP'''
|-
| align=left |Agriculture, forestry, fishing|| €1,709.3 || 1.06% || 1.84%
|-
| align=left |Industry in the strict sense|| €14,208.2 || 8.85% || 18.30%
|-
| align=left |Buildings|| €6,872.1 || 4.28% || 5.41%
|-
| align=left |Commerce, repairs, hotels and restaurants, transport and communications|| €37,305.5 || 23.24% || 20.54%
|-
| align=left |Monetary and financial intermediation; real estate and entrepreneurial activities || €45,100.7 || 28.10% || 24.17%
|-
| align=left |Other service activities|| €39,411.8 || 24.55% || 18.97%
|-
| align=left |VAT, net indirect taxes on products and taxes on imports|| €15,909.9 || 9.91% || 10.76%
|-
| align=left |'''Lazio GDP at market prices'''|| '''€160,517.5''' || ||
|-
|}</div>

=== Unemployment ===
The unemployment rate stood at '''7.7%''' in 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Unemployment_statistics_at_regional_level|title=Unemployment NUTS 2 regions Eurostat|language=en}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!2006
!2007
!2008
!2009
!2010
!2011
!2012
!2013
!2014
!2015
!2016
!2017
!2018
!2019
!2020
!2021
!2022
|-
|'''unemployment rate'''<br/>'''(in %)'''
|7.5% 
|6.4% 
|7.5% 
|8.4% 
|9.2% 
|8.7% 
|10.6% 
|12.0%
|12.5%
|11.8%
|11.1% 
|10.7% 
|11.2%
|9.9%
|9.1%
|10.0%
|7.7%
|}