Editing Krefeld (section)

=== The Jews of Krefeld ===
Jews were listed as citizens of Krefeld from 1617. In 1764, a [[synagogue]] was erected, and by 1812, under French rule, the town included 196 Jewish families, with three Jewish-owned banks. Under [[Napoleon]], the town became the capital for the surrounding Jewish communities including over 5000 Jews, and by 1897 they comprised 1.8% of the population.<ref name="yadvashemDB">[http://db.yadvashem.org/names/map.html?bla=1&width=750&height=550&language=en&itemId=5430334&terminal=null Jews of Krefeld] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023080045/http://db.yadvashem.org/names/map.html?bla=1&width=750&height=550&language=en&itemId=5430334&terminal=null |date=23 October 2013 }} [[Yad Vashem]] website. Town citizen Isaac Meyer Fuld, a member of the family of [[Heinrich Heine]], was a prominent bank-owner in Germany at the time.</ref> In 1846 a Jewish representative was voted onto the town's municipal council, while rising antisemitism was noted during these elections.<ref name="yadvashemDB" /> A [[Reform Judaism|reform]] synagogue was built in 1876, arousing opposition from the [[Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox]] community. A Jewish school existed in the town, with more than 200 students around 1900.<ref name="yadvashemDB" />

In November 1938, during the [[Kristallnacht|November pogroms]], a synagogue on Marktstraße, as well as synagogues in [[Krefeld-Linn|Linn]], [[Uerdingen]] and [[Hüls (Krefeld)|Hüls]] were destroyed, in addition to attacks on Jewish shops and homes.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-22 |title=Teil 52: 9./10. November 1938 Die Synagoge wird zerstört {{!}} Stadt Krefeld |trans-title=Part 52: 9/10 November 1938 The synagogue is destroyed |url=https://www.krefeld.de/de/inhalt/teil-52-9.-10.-november-1938-die-synagoge-wird-zerstoert/ |access-date=2024-10-12 |website=Krefeld.de |language=de}}</ref> In 1941 following an order from [[Hitler]] to deport the German Jews to the east, Jews from the town were sent to the area around Riga<ref name="yadvashemRiga" /><ref name="yadvashemDB" /> and murdered there.<ref name="deportations" /> 

In 2008, a new synagogue, library and Jewish cultural center were erected on the location of one of the demolished synagogues. Around 1100 Jews were reported to live in and around Krefeld at the time.<ref>[http://www.dw.de/new-synagogue-opens-in-german-city-of-krefeld/a-3644442 New synagogue opens in Krefeld] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023060841/http://www.dw.de/new-synagogue-opens-in-german-city-of-krefeld/a-3644442 |date=23 October 2013 }} (English, Deutsche Welle website)</ref>