Editing Kochi (section)

=== Geography ===
{{see also|:Category:Neighbourhoods in Kochi}}
Kochi is located on the southwest coast of India at {{Coord|9|58|N|76|13|E}}, with a corporation limit area of {{convert|94.88|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Kochi Municipal Corporation]]|title=Cochin City Profile|url=https://cochinmunicipalcorporation.kerala.gov.in/documents/10157/32ef97a6-beb2-45ab-b6c1-20c0759023fd|access-date=15 January 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180303164100/https://cochinmunicipalcorporation.kerala.gov.in/documents/10157/32ef97a6-beb2-45ab-b6c1-20c0759023fd|archive-date=3 March 2018}}</ref> Over the years, the city has expanded considerably outside the corporation limit set in 1967, although the official city limits haven't been changed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jnnurm.nic.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/KOCHICDP.pdf#page=7 |publisher= [[Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission]]| title=Kochi City Development Plan |access-date=19 January 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160803123428/http://jnnurm.nic.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/KOCHICDP.pdf#page=7 |archive-date=3 August 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lsg.kerala.gov.in/htm/CDPKochi/Executive%20Summary.htm |title=Govt of Kerala, CDP Kochi |access-date=21 January 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100412053245/http://www.lsg.kerala.gov.in/htm/CDPKochi/Executive%20Summary.htm |archive-date=12 April 2010 }}</ref> The city straddles the backwaters, encompassing the northern end of a peninsula, several islands and a portion of the mainland. To the west lies the [[Laccadive Sea]], and to the east is the urbanised region in the rest of the mainland area. Much of Kochi lies at sea level, with a coastline of 48&nbsp;km.<ref name="Corporation of Kochi" />

The eastern part of Kochi is mainly known as [[Ernakulam]], while the western part of it after the [[Venduruthy Bridge]] is called as Western Kochi. The current metropolitan limits of Kochi include the mainland Ernakulam, [[Fort Kochi]], the suburbs of [[Edapally]], [[Kalamassery]], [[Aluva]], [[Perumbavoor]], [[Angamaly]] and [[Kakkanad]] to the northeast; [[Tripunithura]] to the southeast; and a group of islands closely scattered in the [[Vembanad Lake]]. The state government and the GCDA have plans to include [[Mala, Kerala|Mala]] and [[Kodungallur]] in Thrissur district. [[Piravom]] and [[Kolenchery]] in Ernakulam district, [[Thalayolaparambu]] and [[Vaikom]] in Kottayam and [[Cherthala]] in Alappuzha district within Kochi metropolitan limits. The newly formed metropolis would be put under the charge of a new authority called Kochi Metropolitan Regional Development Authority.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130212/news-current-affairs/article/metro-status-kochi-soon |title=Metro status for Kochi soon |access-date=12 February 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130426072151/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130212/news-current-affairs/article/metro-status-kochi-soon |archive-date=26 April 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/article1459708.ece|title=Kochi forward for Metro status|work=The New Indian Express|access-date=5 April 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150418084918/http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/article1459708.ece|archive-date=18 April 2015}}</ref> However, ''The Hindu'' reported that the state government is yet to take any concrete steps in this regard.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Kochi/metro-status-eludes-kochi-as-government-drags-its-feet/article4611185.ece | work=The Hindu | title=Metro status eludes Kochi as government drags its feet | date=13 April 2013 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130414194234/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Kochi/metro-status-eludes-kochi-as-government-drags-its-feet/article4611185.ece | archive-date=14 April 2013 }}</ref>

Soil consists of [[sediment]]s such as [[alluvium]], teris, brown sands, etc. Hydromorphic [[Soil salinity|saline soils]] are also found in the areas surrounding the backwaters.<ref name="Corporation of Kochi" />

Predominant rock types found here are [[Archean|Archaean]]-basic [[Dike (geology)|dykes]], [[Charnockite]]s and [[Gneiss]]es. An ecologically sensitive area, the [[Mangalavanam Bird Sanctuary]] is located in the central part of the city. It has a wide range of mangrove species and is a nesting ground for a vast variety of migratory birds.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Kerala Tourism Development Corporation]]|url=https://www.keralatourism.org/kerala-article/mangalavanam-bird-sanctuary/181/|title=Mangalavanam Bird Sanctuary|access-date=10 January 2018|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180110174456/https://www.keralatourism.org/kerala-article/mangalavanam-bird-sanctuary/181/|archive-date=10 January 2018}}</ref>

Kochi's water needs are entirely dependent on ground water and the two rivers flowing through the district viz., [[Periyar (river)|Periyar]] and [[Muvattupuzha]]. Periyar serves the entire northern part of the city<ref>{{cite web |url= http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/11646/9/09%20ch.2.pdf |title= Growth response of phytoplankton exposed to industrial effluents in River Periyar |publisher= [[CUSAT]] |access-date= 12 January 2018 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180113093002/http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/11646/9/09%20ch.2.pdf |archive-date= 13 January 2018 }}</ref> whereas [[Muvattupuzha]] river under the JnNurm project covers the western part.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Kochi/west-kochi-water-project-to-be-commissioned-tomorrow/article19362432.ece |title= West Kochi water project to be commissioned tomorrow |newspaper= [[The Hindu]] |access-date= 12 January 2018 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180303164152/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Kochi/west-kochi-water-project-to-be-commissioned-tomorrow/article19362432.ece |archive-date= 3 March 2018 }}</ref>