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=== Climate === Karnataka experiences four seasons. The winter in January and February is followed by summer between March and May, the [[monsoon]] season between June and September and the post-monsoon season from October till December. [[Meteorology|Meteorologically]], Karnataka is divided into three zones – coastal, north interior and south interior. Of these, the coastal zone receives the heaviest rainfall with an average rainfall of about {{cvt|3638.5|mm|in|0}} per annum, far in excess of the state average of {{cvt|1139|mm|in|0}}. [[Amagaon]] in [[Khanapur|Khanapura taluka]] of [[Belgaum district]] received {{cvt|10068|mm|in|0}} of rainfall in 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://des.kar.nic.in/sites/RAINFALL%202010.pdf |title=Rainfall Statistics of Karnataka 2010 |publisher=Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Karnataka |access-date=16 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190217030241/http://des.kar.nic.in/sites/RAINFALL%202010.pdf |archive-date=17 February 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2014 Kokalli in [[Sirsi, Karnataka|Sirsi taluka]] of [[Uttara Kannada district]] received {{cvt|8746|mm|in|0}} of rainfall.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://des.kar.nic.in/sites/ANNUAL%20RAINFALL%202014.pdf |title=Rainfall Statistics of Karnataka 2014 |publisher=Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Karnataka |access-date=16 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170311130816/http://des.kar.nic.in/sites/ANNUAL%20RAINFALL%202014.pdf |archive-date=11 March 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Agumbe]] in [[Thirthahalli|Thirthahalli taluka]] and [[Hulikal]] of [[Hosanagara taluk]]a in [[Shimoga district]] were the rainiest cities in Karnataka, situated in one of the wettest regions in the world.<ref name="second">Agumbe's receiving the second highest rainfall in India is mentioned by {{cite web |url=http://www.centralchronicle.com/20070328/2803302.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013130243/http://www.centralchronicle.com/20070328/2803302.htm |archive-date=13 October 2007 |title=Link Godavari, Krishna & Cauvery |first=Arabinda |last=Ghose |work=The Central Chronicle, dated 2007-03-28 |publisher=2007, Central Chronicle |access-date=16 May 2007}}</ref> The state is projected to warm about {{cvt|2.0|°C-change|°F-change|lk=on|0}} by 2030. The monsoon is set to provide less rainfall. Agriculture in Karnataka is mostly rainfed as opposed to irrigated, making it highly vulnerable to expected changes in the monsoon.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kumar |first1=Suresh |last2=Raizada |first2=A. |last3=Biswas |first3=H. |last4=Srinivas |first4=S. |last5=Mondal |first5=Biswajit |date=2016 |title=Application of indicators for identifying climate change vulnerable areas in semi-arid regions of India |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X16303417 |journal=Ecological Indicators |series=Navigating Urban Complexity: Advancing Understanding of Urban Social – Ecological Systems for Transformation and Resilience |volume=70 |pages=507–517 |doi=10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.06.041 |bibcode=2016EcInd..70..507K |s2cid=89533768 |issn=1470-160X}}</ref> The highest recorded temperature was {{cvt|45.6|°C|°F|lk=on|0}} in [[Raichur|Raichuru district]]. The lowest recorded temperature was {{cvt|2.8|°C|°F|0}} at [[Bidar|Bidar district]].<ref>{{Cite journal |date=December 2016 |title=Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (up to 2012) |url=https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf |journal=India Meteorological Department, Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012) |page=40 |access-date=29 May 2021 |archive-date=5 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200205042509/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
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