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===1901–present=== *[[1903]] – The [[Ford Motor Company]] is incorporated. * 1903 – [[Roald Amundsen]] leaves [[Oslo]], Norway, to commence the first east–west navigation of the [[Northwest Passage]]. *[[1904]] – [[Eugen Schauman]] [[Assassination of Nikolay Bobrikov|assassinates]] [[Nikolay Bobrikov]], [[Governor-General of Finland]]. * 1904 – Irish author [[James Joyce]] begins a relationship with [[Nora Barnacle]] and subsequently uses the date to set the actions for his novel ''[[Ulysses (novel)|Ulysses]]''; this date is now traditionally called "[[Bloomsday]]". *[[1911]] – [[IBM]] founded as the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company in [[Endicott, New York]]. *[[1922]] – General election in the [[Irish Free State]]: The pro-Treaty [[History of Sinn Féin|Sinn Féin]] party wins a large majority. *[[1925]] – [[Artek (camp)|Artek]], the most famous [[Young Pioneer]] camp of the [[Soviet Union]], is established. *[[1930]] – [[Sovnarkom]] establishes [[decree time]] in the USSR. *[[1933]] – The [[National Industrial Recovery Act]] is passed in the United States, allowing businesses to avoid [[antitrust]] prosecution if they establish voluntary wage, price, and working condition regulations on an industry-wide basis.<ref>{{cite book|last=Schlesinger| first=Arthur M. Jr. |title=The Age of Roosevelt. Vol. 2: The Coming of the New Deal|location=Boston|publisher=Houghton Mifflin|date=2003|isbn=9780618340866|pages=21, 87–176|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ybm_2VLnIR8C}}</ref> *[[1940]] – [[World War II]]: Marshal [[Henri Philippe Pétain]] becomes Chief of State of [[Vichy France]] (''Chef de l'État Français''). * 1940 – A [[Communist]] government is installed in [[Lithuania]]. *[[1948]] – Members of the [[Malayan Communist Party]] kill three British plantation managers in [[Sungai Siput]]; in response, [[British Malaya]] declares [[Malayan Emergency|a state of emergency]]. *[[1955]] – In a futile effort to topple Argentine President [[Juan Perón]], rogue aircraft pilots of the [[Argentine Navy]] [[Bombing of Plaza de Mayo|drop several bombs]] upon an unarmed crowd demonstrating in favor of Perón in [[Buenos Aires]], killing 364 and injuring at least 800. At the same time on the ground, some soldiers attempt to stage a coup but are suppressed by loyal forces. *[[1958]] – [[Imre Nagy]], [[Pál Maléter]] and other leaders of the 1956 [[Hungarian Revolution of 1956|Hungarian Uprising]] are executed. *[[1961]] – While on tour with the [[Kirov Ballet]] in [[Paris]], [[Rudolf Nureyev]] defects from the [[Soviet Union]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Smith|first=Dinitia|title=New Light On Nureyev's Grand Leap To the West|work=The New York Times|date=October 6, 1998|access-date=June 16, 2020|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/06/books/new-light-on-nureyev-s-grand-leap-to-the-west.html}}</ref> *[[1963]] – Soviet Space Program: ''[[Vostok 6]]'' mission: [[Cosmonaut]] [[Valentina Tereshkova]] becomes the first woman in space.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Pinkham |first1=Sophie |title=How the Soviets Won the Space Race for Equality |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/16/us/how-the-soviets-won-the-space-race-for-equality.html |access-date=31 January 2023 |work=The New York Times |date=16 July 2019}}</ref> * 1963 – In an attempt to resolve the [[Buddhist crisis]] in [[South Vietnam]], a [[Joint Communique]] was signed between President [[Ngo Dinh Diem]] and Buddhist leaders. *[[1972]] – The largest single-site hydroelectric power project in Canada is inaugurated at [[Churchill Falls Generating Station]]. *[[1976]] – [[Soweto uprising]]: A non-violent march by 15,000 students in [[Soweto]], South Africa, turns into days of rioting when police open fire on the crowd. *[[1977]] – [[Oracle Corporation]] is incorporated in [[Redwood Shores, California]], as Software Development Laboratories (SDL), by [[Larry Ellison]], [[Bob Miner]] and [[Ed Oates]]. *[[1981]] – US President [[Ronald Reagan]] awards the [[Congressional Gold Medal]] to [[Kenneth D. Taylor|Ken Taylor]], Canada's former ambassador to [[Iran]], for helping six Americans escape from Iran during the [[Iran hostage crisis|hostage crisis of 1979–81]]; he is the first foreign citizen bestowed the honor. *[[1989]] – [[Revolutions of 1989]]: [[Imre Nagy]], the former [[Prime Minister of Hungary|Hungarian prime minister]], is reburied in [[Budapest]] following the collapse of Communism in Hungary. * [[1995]] – The [[Astronomy Picture of the Day]] website is launched.<ref>{{cite web | title = APOD Turns 17 | editor-first1 = Robert | editor-last1 = Nemiroff | editor-first2 = Jerry | editor-last2 = Bonnell | date = 2012-06-16 | website = [[Astronomy Picture of the Day]] | publisher = NASA | url = https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap120616.html }}</ref> *[[1997]] – Fifty people are killed in the [[Daïat Labguer (M'sila) massacre]] in [[Algeria]]. *[[2000]] – The Secretary-General of the UN reports that Israel has complied with [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 425]], 22 years after its issuance, and completely withdrew from Lebanon. The Resolution does not encompass the [[Shebaa farms]], which is claimed by Israel, Syria and Lebanon.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://unscol.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/old_dnn/PRST%20(18%2006%2000)%20on%20Lebanon-Israel.pdf|title=Statement by the President of the Security Council}}</ref> *[[2002]] – [[Padre Pio]] is canonized by the Roman Catholic Church.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vatican.va/news_services/liturgy/saints/ns_lit_doc_20020616_index_padre-pio_en.html|title=Padre Pio da Pietrelcina (1887-1968): Canonization|website=www.vatican.va}}</ref> *[[2010]] – [[Bhutan]] becomes the first country to institute a [[Tobacco Control Act of Bhutan 2010|total ban on tobacco]]. *[[2012]] – China successfully launches its [[Shenzhou 9]] spacecraft, carrying three astronauts, including the first female Chinese astronaut [[Liu Yang (astronaut)|Liu Yang]], to the [[Tiangong-1]] orbital module.<ref>{{cite news|last=Amos|first=Jonathan|title=China's Shenzhou-9 spacecraft returns to Earth|work=BBC|date=29 June 2012|access-date=16 June 2020|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-18636819}}</ref> * 2012 – The [[United States Air Force]]'s robotic [[Boeing X-37B]] [[spaceplane]] returns to Earth after a [[USA-226|classified 469-day orbital mission]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Wall|first=Mike|title=Air Force Video Reveals Secret X-37B Space Plane's Robotic Landing|website=Space.com|date=June 17, 2012|access-date=June 16, 2020|url=https://www.space.com/16173-secret-x37b-space-plane-landing-video.html}}</ref> *[[2013]] – A multi-day [[2013 North India floods|cloudburst]], centered on the North Indian state of [[Uttarakhand]], causes devastating floods and landslides, becoming the country's worst natural disaster since the 2004 tsunami. *[[2015]] – [[Business career of Donald Trump|American businessman]] [[Donald Trump]] announces his [[2016 Donald Trump presidential campaign|campaign]] to run for [[President of the United States]] in the upcoming [[2016 United States presidential election|election]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/donald-trump-announces-2016-presidential-campaign-make-country/story?id=31799741|title = Donald Trump Announces 2016 Presidential Campaign: 'We Are Going Make our Country Great Again'| website=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] }}</ref> *[[2016]] – [[Shanghai Disneyland Park]], the first Disney Park in Mainland China, opens to the public.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Why Disney's New Shanghai Park Is Its Most Ambitious Yet |url=https://time.com/4371493/shanghai-disneyland-park/ |magazine=Time |access-date=16 June 2020 |language=en}}</ref> *[[2019]] – Upwards of 2,000,000 people participate in the [[2019–20 Hong Kong protests]], the largest in Hong Kong's history.<ref>{{citation|newspaper=Bloomberg|location=New York City|date=July 15, 2019|access-date=August 12, 2019|title=How Hong Kong Protesters Switched Tactics to Keep Pressure on China|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2019-changing-tactics-of-hongkong-protests/|author1=Adrian Leung|author2=Hannah Dormido|author3=Karen Leigh}}</ref>
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