Editing Jesus Seminar (section)

====Noneschatological Jesus====
''The Five Gospels'' says that the non-apocalyptic view of the historical Jesus gained ground in the 1970s and 1980s when research into Jesus shifted out of religious environments and into secular academia. [[Marcus Borg]] says "the old consensus that Jesus was an eschatological prophet who proclaimed the imminent end of the world has disappeared", and identifies two reasons for this change:<ref>[http://theologytoday.ptsem.edu/oct1988/v45-3-article2.htm#13 A renaissance in Jesus studies] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204055910/http://theologytoday.ptsem.edu/oct1988/v45-3-article2.htm#13 |date=2012-02-04 }} [[Princeton Theological Seminary]], October 1988.</ref>
# Since the 1960s, some scholars have started to view the gospel references to the coming [[Son of Man]] as insertions by the early Christian community.
# Some scholars have begun to see Jesus' [[kingdom of God]] as a present reality, a "[[realized eschatology]]", rather than an imminent end of the world (cf. Luke 17:20–21).

The apocalyptic elements attributed to Jesus, according to ''The Five Gospels'', come from [[John the Baptist]] and the [[early Christian]] community (p.&nbsp;4).

Scholars involved in the third and next quests for the historical Jesus have constructed a variety of portraits and profiles for Jesus.<ref>The Cradle, the Cross, and the Crown: An Introduction to the New Testament by Andreas J. Köstenberger, L. Scott Kellum 2009 ISBN 978-0-8054-4365-3 pp. 124–125</ref><ref>Mitchell, Margaret M.; Young, Frances M., eds. (2006). The Cambridge History of Christianity. Vol. 1. p. 23. ISBN 978-0-521-81239-9.</ref><ref>Prophet and Teacher: An Introduction to the Historical Jesus by William R. Herzog (Jul 4, 2005) ISBN 0664225284 p. 8</ref> However, there is little scholarly agreement on the portraits, or the methods used in constructing them.<ref>Theissen, Gerd; Winter, Dagmar (2002). The Quest for the Plausible Jesus: The Question of Criteria (1st American ed.). Louisville, Ky.: Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 0-664-22537-3. OCLC 49805829</ref><ref>Charlesworth, James H.; Pokorny, Petr, eds. (2009). Jesus Research: An International Perspective (Princeton–Prague Symposia Series on the Historical Jesus). pp. 1–2. ISBN 978-0-8028-6353-9.</ref><ref>Porter, Stanley E.; Hayes, Michael A.; Tombs, David (2004). Images of Christ (Academic Paperback). T&T Clark. p. 74. ISBN 978-0-567-04460-0.</ref> But according to Theissen and Merz, writing in 1996, while the noneschatological Jesus is a significant trend in contemporary research into the historical Jesus, most scholars affirm the traditional view that Jesus prophesied the imminent end of the world.<ref name = "TM1998 1">
{{cite book
| last1 = Theissen
| first1 = Gerd
| author-link1 = Gerd Theissen
| last2 = Merz
| first2 = Annette
| author-link2 = Annette Merz
| translator1-last = Bowden
| translator1-first = John
| translator-link = John Bowden (theologian)
| year = 1996
| chapter = 1: Quest of the historical Jesus
| title = The Historical Jesus: A Comprehensive Guide
| trans-title = Der historische Jesus
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=MIglAQAAIAAJ
| location = Minneapolis, Minnesota
| publisher = Fortress Press
| publication-date = 1998
| pages = 1–16
| isbn = 9780800631239
| access-date = 2018-06-27
}}
(translated from the German)
</ref> Since the 1990s, however, other scholars have pointed out the complexity of apocalypticism within [[Second Temple Judaism]],<ref>J. Klawans, Purity, Sacrifice, and the Temple: Symbolism and Supersessionism in the Study of Ancient Judaism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006), 111-14</ref><ref>[[N.T. Wright]] (2018), Hope Deferred? Against the Dogma of Delay, page 51-52, University of St. Andrews</ref> and grant that Jesus did make "apocalyptic" predictions, but in relation to the destruction of the Jewish Temple in 70 AD, and not the end of the world.<ref>[[N. T. Wright]], Jesus and the Victory of God (Minneapolis: Fortress, 1996), pp. 329–365</ref><ref>Green, J.B., Brown, J., & Perrin, N. (2018). Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels: A Compendium of Contemporary Biblical Scholarship. IVP.</ref><ref>Kinman, B. (1999). Parousia, Jesus "A-Triumphal" Entry, and the Fate of Jerusalem. Journal of Biblical Literature, 118(2), 279-294</ref><ref>[[R. T. France]], The Gospel of Mark, New International Greek Testament Commentary (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2002), 498–543</ref>