Editing Jacques Maroger (section)

===Six formulas of Maroger taken from his book on painting formulas===
# Lead Medium – attributed to [[Antonello da Messina]] – One part litharge (yellow lead oxide) or lead white, combined by cooking with three to four parts linseed.
# Lead Medium – attributed to [[Leonardo da Vinci]] – One part litharge or lead white, combined by cooking with three to four parts raw linseed oil, and three to four parts water.
# Lead Medium – attributed to the Venetian painters – [[Giorgione]], [[Titian]] and [[Tintoretto]] – One or two parts litharge or lead white, combined by cooking with 20 parts raw linseed or walnut oil.
# Lead Medium – attributed to [[Peter Paul Rubens]] -This medium was allegedly based on the black oil of Giorgione with an addition of mastic resin, Venice turpentine and beeswax. One or two parts litharge or lead white, combines by cooking with 20 parts raw linseed. A little more than one spoonful of "black oil" combined with even one spoonful of mastic varnish resulted in the "jelly" medium thought to be Megilp (another name of Maroger media).
# Lead Medium – (attributed to the "Little Dutch Masters") This medium was the same as the one used by Rubens, but did not include beeswax.
# Lead Medium – attributed to [[Diego Velázquez|Velázquez]] – One part verdigris (derived from copper – this material is substituted for the lead-based metallic driers), combined by cooking with 20 parts raw linseed or walnut oil.

The majority of these recipes are not employed today, as there are few companies that produce them. The primary form of "Maroger medium" known today is black oil ("Giorgione's" medium) and mastic varnish combined in approximately equal parts to form a gel.

While Maroger medium is usually mixed directly with oil paints, its proportion should be kept to no more than 20% of the mixture. A useful technique is to rub a very thin film of Maroger medium over the area to be painted and paint into that—known as "painting into the couch." This lubricates the brush stroke. Maroger medium (or any other painting medium, for that matter) should never be used as a final picture varnish, as Maroger requires reaction by admixture with oil paint in order to dry.

The reduced availability of lead, combined with injunctions against lead use in household products and other factors has caused most major paint makers to discontinue the production of Maroger's medium. Many paint makers now offer faux-maroger's media or faux-megilps, generally made by substituting different materials, such as lime, for genuine lead, or (as in the case of Gamblin's Neo-Megilp) by creating a similar product out of specially thickened alkyd medium.  These products produce effects similar to, but not the same as those of real Maroger medium, which depends on specific chemical reactions between leaded oil, mastic resin, and turpentine (the mastic varnish vehicle).