Editing Jaén, Spain (section)

==Geography==
[[File:Jaén 1.jpg|thumb|Jaén and Sierra de Jabalcuz]]
=== Location ===
The city lies at the feet of the Sierra de {{ill|Jabalcuz|es}},<ref>{{Cite book|year=2010|chapter-url=https://www.juntadeandalucia.es/medioambiente/portal_web/servicios_generales/doc_tecnicos/2010/agua_domesticada/parte_2/EAD37.pdf|page=371|chapter=Los territorios del agua: las Sierras Béticas interiores|first1=José Ramón|last1=Guzmán Álvarez|first2=Melchor|last2=Guzmán Guerrero|first3=José|last3=Rodríguez Molina|publisher=[[Junta de Andalucía]]|title=El agua domesticada. Los paisajes de los regadíos de montaña en Andalucía}}</ref> one of the subranges of the [[Subbaetic System]], the inner system of the [[Baetic System|Baetic Mountains]] which leaves the [[Guadalquivir Valley]] to the North. The surroundings of the city are rich in small Mesozoic karstic aquifers.<ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://www.igme.es/ACTIVIDADESIGME/LINEAS/HIDROYCA/publica/libros3_RHS/lib_mvalle/pg231.pdf|publisher=[[Instituto Geológico y Minero de España|IGME]]|year=2002|chapter=Acuíferos jurásicos y cretácicos del entorno de la ciudad de Jaén|title=Libro Homenaje a Manuel del Valle Cardenete|last1=Calvache|last2=Benavente|first1=M.L.|first2=J}}</ref> The {{ill|Guadalbullón|es}} flows close to the city.<ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=http://paisajeyterritorio.es/assets/guadalbullon.pdf|chapter=Río Guadalbullón|year=2012|pages=525; 542|url=http://paisajeyterritorio.es/assets/los-paisajes-fluviales-de-la-cuenca-del-guadalquivir.pdf|title=Los paisajes fluviales en la planificación y gestión del agua. Elementos para la consideración del paisaje en la cuenca hidrográfica del Guadalquivir|publisher=Centro de Estudios Paisaje y Territorio}}</ref> Jaén is roughly the antipode of [[Tauranga]], New Zealand.

=== Climate ===
Jaén has a [[hot-summer Mediterranean climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]]: ''Csa''),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=592616&cityname=Jaen%2C+Andalusia%2C+Spain&units=|title=Jaen, Spain Climate Summary|publisher=Weatherbase|access-date=17 March 2015}}</ref> closely bordering on a [[semi-arid climate|cold semi-arid climate]] (''BSk'') with dry, hot summers and mild, moderately wet winters. Jaén has a July high of {{convert|33.9|C|F|1}}, and mean low of {{convert|21.3|C|F|1}} with a mean temperature of {{convert|27.6|C|F|1}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aemet.es/en/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/valoresclimatologicos?l=5270B&k=and|title=Standard climate values – Jaén|publisher=aemet.es|access-date=17 March 2015}}</ref> This is just shy of the daily mean of [[Seville]] that has the hottest daily summer mean during summers in Western Europe with {{convert|28.2|C|F|1}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aemet.es/en/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/valoresclimatologicos?l=5783&k=and|title=Standard climate values of Sevilla|publisher=Aemet.es|access-date=17 March 2015}}</ref> Despite its very inland location at an altitude around {{convert|600|m|ft}} Jaén barely gets 1 snowy day and just 3 days with lows under {{convert|0|C|F}} on average during winters.<ref name=Aemet.es>{{cite web|url=http://www.aemet.es/en/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/valoresclimatologicos?l=5270B&k=and|title=Jaén Climate Averages|publisher=[[AEMET]] |access-date = 11 February 2022}}</ref> Jaén gets around 2800-3000 sunshine hours on average.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Standard climate values|url=http://www.aemet.es/en/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/valoresclimatologicos|access-date=2022-02-11|publisher=[[AEMET]]}}</ref>

{{Weather box
| location = Jaén, {{convert|580|m|ft}} 1991-2010 averages, 1920-present extremes
| metric first = Yes
| single line = Yes
| Jan record high C = 25.3
| Feb record high C = 26.4
| Mar record high C = 31.0
| Apr record high C = 35.0
| May record high C = 40.3
| Jun record high C = 42.5
| Jul record high C = 46.0
| Aug record high C = 44.2
| Sep record high C = 41.2
| Oct record high C = 35.0
| Nov record high C = 29.6
| Dec record high C = 25.0
| year record high C = 
| Jan high C = 12.2
| Feb high C = 13.8
| Mar high C = 17.2
| Apr high C = 19.5
| May high C = 24.3
| Jun high C = 29.9
| Jul high C = 33.9
| Aug high C = 33.4
| Sep high C = 27.7
| Oct high C = 22.3
| Nov high C = 15.8
| Dec high C = 13.1
| year high C = 
| Jan mean C = 8.7
| Feb mean C = 10.0
| Mar mean C = 12.8
| Apr mean C = 14.9
| May mean C = 19.1
| Jun mean C = 24.1
| Jul mean C = 27.6
| Aug mean C = 27.4
| Sep mean C = 22.7
| Oct mean C = 18.1
| Nov mean C = 12.3
| Dec mean C = 9.7
| year mean C = 
| Jan low C = 5.2
| Feb low C = 6.2
| Mar low C = 8.5
| Apr low C = 10.3
| May low C = 13.8
| Jun low C = 18.2
| Jul low C = 21.3
| Aug low C = 21.3
| Sep low C = 17.6
| Oct low C = 13.8
| Nov low C = 8.8
| Dec low C = 6.3
| year low C = 
| Jan record low C = -7.8
| Feb record low C = -8.0
| Mar record low C = -3.0
| Apr record low C = 0.0
| May record low C = 1.4
| Jun record low C = 8.0
| Jul record low C = 9.2
| Aug record low C = 11.0
| Sep record low C = 7.4
| Oct record low C = 1.0
| Nov record low C = -0.9
| Dec record low C = -6.0
| year record low C = 
| Jan precipitation mm = 53
| Feb precipitation mm = 50
| Mar precipitation mm = 58
| Apr precipitation mm = 57
| May precipitation mm = 39
| Jun precipitation mm = 15
| Jul precipitation mm = 1
| Aug precipitation mm = 9
| Sep precipitation mm = 28
| Oct precipitation mm = 52
| Nov precipitation mm = 62
| Dec precipitation mm = 64
| year precipitation mm = 
| precipitation color = green
| Jan rain days = 6.7
| Feb rain days = 6.1
| Mar rain days = 6.2
| Apr rain days = 7.2
| May rain days = 4.9
| Jun rain days = 1.7
| Jul rain days = 0.3
| Aug rain days = 0.7
| Sep rain days = 2.7
| Oct rain days = 5.7
| Nov rain days = 6.5
| Dec rain days = 6.8
| year rain days = 
| unit rain days = 1.0mm
| Jan snow days = 0.4
| Feb snow days = 0.3
| Mar snow days = 0.3
| Apr snow days = 0
| May snow days = 0
| Jun snow days = 0
| Jul snow days = 0
| Aug snow days = 0
| Sep snow days = 0
| Oct snow days = 0
| Nov snow days = 0.1
| Dec snow days = 0.1
| year snow days = 
| Jan humidity = 70
| Feb humidity = 64
| Mar humidity = 58
| Apr humidity = 57
| May humidity = 51
| Jun humidity = 43
| Jul humidity = 38
| Aug humidity = 41
| Sep humidity = 51
| Oct humidity = 61
| Nov humidity = 69
| Dec humidity = 70
| year humidity = 
| source 1 = [[AEMET]]<ref>{{cite web |url =https://www.aemet.es/es/datos_abiertos/AEMET_OpenData |title=AEMET OpenData|publisher=Aemet.es|access-date = 16 December 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aemet.es/es/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/efemerides_extremos*?w=0&k=and&l=5270&datos=det&x=5270&m=13&v=todos|title=Valores extremos. Jaén, Instituto (1920–1983)|publisher=[[AEMET]]|access-date=11 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aemet.es/es/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/efemerides_extremos*?w=0&k=and&l=5270B&datos=det&x=5270B&m=13&v=todos|title=Valores extremos. Jaén (1983–2021)|publisher=[[AEMET]]|access-date=11 February 2022}}</ref>
| source = 
}}