Editing J. R. D. Tata (section)

== Awards and honours ==
[[File:JRD Tata 1994 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Tata on a 1994 stamp of India]]
Tata received a number of awards. He was conferred the honorary rank of [[group captain (India)|group captain]] by the [[Indian Air Force]] in 1948, was promoted to the [[Air commodore (India)|Air Commodore]] rank (equivalent to [[Brigadier]] in the army) on 4 October 1966,<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Air Branch) |page=634  |date=15 October 1966 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> and was further promoted on 1 April 1974 to the [[Air vice marshal (India)|Air Vice Marshal]] rank.<ref>{{Cite news|date=23 June 2010|title=IAF confers honorary Group Captain rank on Tendulkar|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/IAF-confers-honorary-Group-Captain-rank-on-Tendulkar/article16266599.ece|access-date=24 June 2020|issn=0971-751X|archive-date=26 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200626082659/https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/IAF-confers-honorary-Group-Captain-rank-on-Tendulkar/article16266599.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> Several international awards for aviation were given to him – the [[Tony Jannus Award]] in March 1979, the Gold Air Medal of the {{lang|fr|[[Fédération Aéronautique Internationale]]|italic=no}} in 1985, the Edward Warner Award of the International Civil Aviation Organisation, Canada in 1986 and the [[Daniel Guggenheim Medal]] in 1988.<ref>{{cite web |author=Sachin in IAF blues |url=http://www.stratpost.com/blog-honorary-commissions-in-the-iaf |title=Blog: Honorary commissions in the IAF |publisher=StratPost |date=23 June 2010 |access-date=7 October 2015 |archive-date=4 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141204233643/http://www.stratpost.com/blog-honorary-commissions-in-the-iaf |url-status=live }}</ref> He received the [[Padma Vibhushan]] in 1955. The French [[Legion of Honour]] was bestowed on him in 1983. In 1992, because of his selfless humanitarian endeavours, Tata was awarded India's highest civilian honour, the [[Bharat Ratna]].<ref name=":0" /> In his memory, the Government of Maharashtra named its first double-decker bridge the ''Bharatratna JRD Tata Overbridge'' at Nasik Phata, [[Pimpri Chinchwad]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Deputy CM to inaugurate flyover today {{!}} Pune News – Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/Deputy-CM-to-inaugurate-flyover-today/articleshow/30421359.cms |access-date=29 March 2020 |work=The Times of India |date=15 February 2014 |language=en |archive-date=14 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200914102448/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/Deputy-CM-to-inaugurate-flyover-today/articleshow/30421359.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

Following Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's [[The Emergency (India)|1975-1977 Emergency]], in which she controversially pursued [[Compulsory sterilization|forced sterilizations]] as a form of [[Human population planning|population control]], Tata built on these efforts by ordering Tata Steel to open nine [[Family planning in India|family planning]] centers in 1984.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kling |first=Blair B. |date=1998 |title=Paternalism in Indian Labor: The Tata Iron and Steel Company of Jamshedpur |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27672457 |journal=International Labor and Working-Class History |volume=53 |issue=53 |pages=69–87 |doi=10.1017/S0147547900013673 |jstor=27672457 |s2cid=144626670 |issn=0147-5479}}</ref> Employees and their non-employee partners were compensated for undergoing sterilization, and factory plant departments were awarded for achieving the lowest fertility rate.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Jones |first=Clayton |date=30 July 1982 |title=Industry Fosters 'Two is Enough' in Family Planning |work=[[Christian Science Monitor]] |url=https://www.csmonitor.com/1982/0730/073066.html |access-date=2023-10-02 |issn=0882-7729 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231116173633/https://www.csmonitor.com/1982/0730/073066.html |archive-date= Nov 16, 2023 }}</ref> While such incentives arguably violated the [[medical ethics]] principle of [[Bodily integrity|personal bodily autonomy]], Tata was awarded the 1992 [[United Nations Population Award]] for his efforts.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |date=20 November 2010 |title=Industrialists:JRD Tata – Made Tatas the largest Business House in India of his times |url=http://ewritersportal.com/jrdtata20thnov2010.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413150326/http://ewritersportal.com/jrdtata20thnov2010.html |archive-date=13 April 2014 |access-date=10 April 2014 |publisher=ewritersportal.com}}</ref>