Editing J. M. W. Turner (section)

=== Later life ===
As Turner grew older, he became more eccentric. He had few close friends except for his father, who lived with him for 30 years and worked as his studio assistant. His father's death in 1829 had a profound effect on him, and thereafter he was subject to bouts of depression. He never married but had a relationship with an older widow, his housekeeper Sarah Danby<!-- (1760 or 1766 (christened) –1861) -->. He is believed to have been the father of her two daughters Evelina Dupuis<!-- (1801–1874) --> and Georgiana Thompson<!-- (1811–1843) -->.<ref>{{cite book| last=Roberts| first=Miquette| title=The Unknown Turner| url=http://www.tate.org.uk/art/research-publications/jmw-turner/joseph-mallord-william-turner-1775-1851-r1141041| publisher=[[Tate]]|access-date=14 July 2014| isbn=978-1-84976-386-8| date=5 December 2012}}</ref> Evelina married [[Joseph Dupuis]] on 31 October 1817. It was recorded that her mother, Sarah Danby, was a witness along with Charles Thompson.{{citation needed|date=July 2022}}

[[File:Linnell - J.M.W. Turner.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Turner, painted from memory by [[John Linnell (painter)|Linnell]] (1838)]]

Turner formed a relationship with Sophia Caroline Booth <!-- (1798–1875) --> after her second husband died, and from 1846 he lived with her as "Mr Booth" or "Admiral Booth" in her house at 6 Davis's Place (now [[Cheyne Walk]]) in [[Chelsea, London|Chelsea]], until his death in December 1851.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.turnersociety.org.uk/Turner_biography.pdf|title=Turner Biography & Chronology&nbsp;– The Turner Society|date=2 December 2022 }}</ref><ref name="vch">{{cite web |title=Settlement and building: Artists and Chelsea Pages 102–106 A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 12, Chelsea. |url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/middx/vol12/pp102-106 |website=British History Online |publisher=Victoria County History, 2004 |access-date=21 December 2022}}</ref>

Turner was a habitual user of [[Snuff (tobacco)|snuff]]; in 1838, [[Louis Philippe I]], [[List of French monarchs|King of the French]], presented a gold [[snuff box]] to him.<ref>{{cite web |title=Collection Online: Snuff Box/box |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=74762&partid=1&output=People%2F!!%2FOR%2F!!%2F116764%2F!%2F116764-3-18%2F!%2FPrevious+owner%2Fex-collection+Louis+Philippe%2C+King+of+the+French%2F!%2F%2F!!%2F%2F!!!%2F&orig=%2Fresearch%2Fsearch_the_collection_database%2Fadvanced_search.aspx&currentPage=1&numpages=200 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130414113002/http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=74762&partid=1&output=People/!!/OR/!!/116764/!/116764-3-18/!/Previous+owner/ex-collection+Louis+Philippe,+King+of+the+French/!//!!//!!!/&orig=/research/search_the_collection_database/advanced_search.aspx&currentPage=1&numpages=200 |publisher=[[British Museum]]| archive-date=14 April 2013 }}</ref> Of two other snuffboxes, an [[agate]] and silver example bears Turner's name,<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.finch-and-co.co.uk/archive/antiquities/d/georgian-silver-and-agate-pocket-snuff-box-inscribed-%C3%A2%C2%80%C2%98joseph-mallord-william-tur/117264| title=Georgian Silver and Agate Pocket Snuff Box Inscribed 'Joseph Mallord William Turner' and the date '1785'| publisher=Finch & Co| access-date=3 September 2014| archive-date=29 September 2015| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929161730/http://www.finch-and-co.co.uk/archive/antiquities/d/georgian-silver-and-agate-pocket-snuff-box-inscribed-%C3%A2%C2%80%C2%98joseph-mallord-william-tur/117264| url-status=dead}}</ref> and another, made of wood, was collected along with his spectacles, magnifying glass and card case by an associate housekeeper.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.philipmould.com/gallery/all-works/107| title=Spectacles, glass, snuffbox and cardcase of Turner 1775–1851| publisher=Philip Mould & Company| access-date=3 September 2014| archive-date=4 December 2014| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141204184229/http://www.philipmould.com/gallery/all-works/107| url-status=dead}}</ref>

Turner formed a short but intense friendship with the artist [[Edward Thomas Daniell]]. The painter [[David Roberts (painter)|David Roberts]] wrote of him that, "He adored Turner, when I and others doubted, and taught me to see & to distinguish his beauties over that of others ... the old man really had a fond & personal regard for this young clergyman, which I doubt he ever evinced for the other".{{sfn|Hamilton|2007|pp=319–320}} Daniell may have supplied Turner with the spiritual comfort he needed after the deaths of his father and friends, and to "ease the fears of a naturally reflective man approaching old age".{{sfn|Hamilton|2007|pp=319–320}} After Daniell's death in [[Lycia]] at the age of 38, he told Roberts he would never form such a friendship again.{{sfn|Hamilton|2007|p=356}}

Before leaving for the Middle East, Daniell commissioned Turner’s portrait from [[John Linnell (painter)|John Linnell]]. Turner had previously refused to sit for the artist, and it was difficult to get his agreement to be portrayed. Daniell positioned the two men opposite each other at dinner, so that Linnell could observe his subject carefully and portray his likeness from memory.{{sfn|Hamilton|2007|p=356}}[[File:Turners House, Cheyne Walk, Chelsea, 1887 by Philip Norman.jpg|thumb|Turners House, Cheyne Walk, Chelsea, 1887 by [[Philip Norman (artist)|Philip Norman]]]]Turner died of [[cholera]] at the home of Sophia Caroline Booth, in [[Cheyne Walk]] in Chelsea, on 19 December 1851.<ref name="vch" /> He is buried in [[St Paul's Cathedral]], where he lies near the painter Sir [[Joshua Reynolds]].<ref name="blayney" /> Apparently his last words were "The Sun (or Son?) is God",<ref>{{cite book| first=Norman| last=Davies| title=Europe: A History| location=London| publisher=Pimlico| url=https://archive.org/details/europehistory00norm/page/687| date=20 January 1998| page=[https://archive.org/details/europehistory00norm/page/687 687]| isbn=978-0-06-097468-8| access-date=3 September 2014}} {{subscription required|s}}</ref> though this may be apocryphal.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Turner in his Time|last=Wilton|first=Andrew|date=6 November 2006|publisher=Thames and Hudson Ltd|isbn=978-0-500-23830-1|edition=01|location=London|language=en}}</ref>
Turner's friend, the architect [[Philip Hardwick]]<!-- (1792–1870) -->, the son of his old tutor, was in charge of making the funeral arrangements and wrote to those who knew Turner to tell them at the time of his death that, "I must inform you, we have lost him."{{citation needed|date=December 2017}} Other executors were his cousin and chief mourner at the funeral, Henry Harpur&nbsp;IV (benefactor of [[Westminster Hospital|Westminster&nbsp;– now Chelsea & Westminster&nbsp;– Hospital]]), Revd. Henry Scott Trimmer, [[George Jones (painter)|George Jones&nbsp;RA]] and [[Charles Turner (engraver)|Charles Turner&nbsp;ARA]].<ref name="Thornbury1862">{{cite book|last=Thornbury|first=Walter|title=The Life of J. M. W. Turner, R. A.: Founded on Letters and Papers Furnished by His Friends and Fellow Academicians|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DPE4AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA418|year=1862|publisher=Hurst and Blackett|page=418}}</ref>