Editing Inquisition (section)

===Statistics===
Beginning in the 19th century, historians have gradually compiled statistics drawn from the surviving court records, from which estimates have been calculated by adjusting the recorded number of convictions by the average rate of document loss for each time period. [[Gustav Henningsen]] and [[Jaime Contreras]] studied the records of the Spanish Inquisition, which list 44,674 cases of which 826 resulted in executions in person and 778 in effigy (i.e. a straw dummy was burned in place of the person).<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Mohnhaupt|first1=Heinz|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A_Sdchs7yAkC|title=Vorträge zur Justizforschung: Geschichte und Theorie|last2=Simon|first2=Dieter|date=1992|publisher=V. Klostermann|isbn=978-3-465-02627-3|language=de}}</ref> William Monter estimated there were 1000 executions in Spain between 1530–1630 and 250 between 1630 and 1730.<ref>W. Monter, ''Frontiers of Heresy: The Spanish Inquisition from the Basque Lands to Sicily'', Cambridge 2003, p. 53.</ref> [[Jean-Pierre Dedieu]] studied the records of Toledo's tribunal, which put 12,000 people on trial.<ref>Jean-Pierre Dedieu, ''Los Cuatro Tiempos'', in Bartolomé Benassar, ''Inquisición Española: poder político y control social'', pp. 15–39.</ref> For the period prior to 1530, Henry Kamen estimated there were about 2,000 executions in all of Spain's tribunals.<ref>[[Henry Kamen|H. Kamen]], ''Inkwizycja Hiszpańska'', Warszawa 2005, p. 62; and H. Rawlings, ''The Spanish Inquisition'', Blackwell Publishing 2004, p. 15.</ref>

Italian Renaissance history professor and Inquisition expert [[Carlo Ginzburg]] had his doubts about using statistics to reach a judgment about the period. "In many cases, we don't have the evidence, the evidence has been lost," said Ginzburg.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna5218373|title=Vatican downgrades Inquisition toll|date=15 June 2004|website=Nbcnews.com|access-date=13 October 2017|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402142946/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/5218373/ns/world_news/t/vatican-downgrades-inquisition-toll/#.VP8gMPnF-Sp|url-status=live}}</ref>