Editing Ido (section)

==Phonology==
Ido has five vowel [[phoneme]]s. The values {{IPAblink|e|}} and {{IPAblink|ɛ||}} are interchangeable depending on speaker preference, as are {{IPAblink|o||}} and {{IPAblink|ɔ||}}. The orthographic sequences {{angbr|au}} and {{angbr|eu}} indicate [[diphthong]]s in word roots but not when created by affixing.<ref name="KGD7">{{cite web|url=http://ido-vivo.info/kgd.pdf#page=7 |title=Pronunco dil vokali |work=Kompleta Gramatiko detaloza di la linguo internaciona Ido |date=2004 |page=7 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150813213123/http://ido-vivo.info/kgd.pdf#page=7 |archive-date=13 August 2015 |url-status=live |first=Louis |last=De Beaufront |editor-first=Fernando |editor-last=Tejón |language=io |publisher=Krayono |location=Ponferrada, Spain |orig-year=1st pub. 1925 |format=PDF }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Ido vowels
!
! | [[Front vowel|Front]]
! | [[Back vowel|Back]]
|-
! [[Close vowel|Close]]
| {{IPA link|i}}
| {{IPA link|u}}
|-
! Mid
| {{IPA link|e}} ~ {{IPA link|ɛ}}
| {{IPA link|o}} ~ {{IPA link|ɔ}}
|-
! [[Open vowel|Open]]
| colspan=2 | {{IPA link|a}}
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
|+Ido consonants
!
! colspan=2 Width=13% | [[Labial consonant|Labial]]
! colspan=2 Width=13% | [[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]
! colspan=2 Width=13% | [[Postalveolar consonant|Post-<br/>alveolar]]
! colspan=2 Width=13% | [[Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
! colspan=2 Width=13% | [[Velar consonant|Velar]]
! colspan=2 Width=13% | [[Glottal consonant|Glottal]]
|-
! [[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
|style="border-right: 0;"| ||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA link|m}}
|style="border-right: 0;"| ||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA link|n}}
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 |
|-
! [[Stop consonant|Stop]]
|style="border-right: 0;"|{{IPA link|p}}||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA link|b}}
|style="border-right: 0;"|{{IPA link|t}}||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA link|d}}
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 |
|style="border-right: 0;"|{{IPA link|k}}||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA link|ɡ}}
| colspan=2 |
|-
! [[Affricate consonant|Affricate]]
| colspan=2 |
|style="border-right: 0;"|c {{IPAslink|t͡s}}|| style="border-left: 0;" |
|style="border-right: 0;"|ch {{IPAslink|t͡ʃ}}|| style="border-left: 0;" |
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 |
|-
! [[Fricative consonant|Fricative]]
|style="border-right: 0;"|{{IPA link|f}}||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA link|v}}
|style="border-right: 0;"|{{IPA link|s}}||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA link|z}}
|style="border-right: 0;"|sh {{IPAslink|ʃ}}|| style="border-left: 0;" |j {{IPAslink|ʒ}}
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 |
|style="border-right: 0;"|{{IPA link|h}}||style="border-left: 0;"|
|-
! [[Approximant consonant|Approximant]]
|
|{{IPA link|w}}
| style="border-right: 0;" | ||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA link|l}}
| colspan=2 |
|style="border-right: 0;"| ||style="border-left: 0;"|y {{IPAslink|j}}
|style="border-right: 0;"| ||style="border-left: 0;"|({{IPA link|w}})
| colspan=2 |
|-
! [[Flap consonant|Flap]]
| colspan=2 |
|style="border-right: 0;"| ||style="border-left: 0;"|r {{IPAslink|ɾ}}
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 |
|}

All polysyllabic words are stressed on the second-to-last syllable except for verb [[infinitive]]s, which are stressed on the last syllable{{spnd}}'''sko'''lo, ka'''fe'''o and '''ler'''nas for "school", "coffee" and the present tense of "to learn", but i'''rar''', sa'''var''' and drin'''kar''' for "to go", "to know" and "to drink". If an '''i''' or '''u''' precedes another vowel, the pair is considered part of the same syllable when applying the accent rule{{spnd}}thus '''ra'''dio, fa'''mi'''lio and '''ma'''nuo for "radio", "family" and "hand", unless the two vowels are the only ones in the word, in which case the "i" or "u" is stressed: '''di'''o, '''fru'''a for "day" and "early".<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.literaturo.ido.li/kgd.pdf
|title=Acento tonika
|trans-title=Tonic accent
|last=De Beaufront
|first=L
|work=Kompleta Gramatiko Detaloza di Ido
|pages=11–12
|year=2004
|access-date=19 January 2012
|archive-date=6 February 2012
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206023705/http://www.literaturo.ido.li/kgd.pdf
|url-status=live
}}</ref>