Editing Ich bin ein Berliner (section)

===Delivery===
[[File:JFK speech Ich bin ein berliner 1.jpg|thumb|left|Kennedy delivering his speech in Berlin]]
Behind the long table set up on the steps of the [[Rathaus Schöneberg]] were U.S. and German dignitaries, including [[Dean Rusk]] (Kennedy's [[United States Secretary of State|Secretary of State]]), [[Lucius D. Clay]] (the former US administrator of Germany), [[Konrad Adenauer]] (the [[Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic of Germany)|German chancellor]]), [[Willy Brandt]], the [[Governing Mayor of Berlin|Mayor of Berlin]] and [[Otto Bach]] ([[Abgeordnetenhaus of Berlin|President of the ''Abgeordnetenhaus'' of Berlin]]). The crowd was estimated at 450,000 people.<ref>This is the estimate given in Daum, ''Kennedy in Berlin'' 137. A [[BBC]] article has a much lower number, 120,000. {{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/26/newsid_3379000/3379061.stm|title=On This Day: 1963: Kennedy: 'Ich bin ein Berliner'|date=June 26, 2005|publisher=BBC|access-date=August 12, 2011|archive-date=October 14, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111014083437/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/26/newsid_3379000/3379061.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> Bach spoke first, of the recent developments in Berlin, especially the wall. He was followed by Konrad Adenauer, who spoke briefly and introduced the president.

Kennedy was accompanied not by Robert Lochner, but by Heinz Weber of the Berlin mission; Weber translated the president's speech to the audience. Besides the typescript, Kennedy had a [[cue card]] on which he himself had written the phonetic spelling, and he surprised everyone by completely disregarding the speech, which had taken weeks to prepare. Instead, he improvised: "He says more than he should, something different from what his advisers had recommended, and is more provocative than he had intended to be."<ref name=daum>{{cite book|last=Daum|first=Andreas W.|title=Kennedy in Berlin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IrK1TG34vw8C&pg=PA154|year=2008|publisher=Cambridge UP|location=Cambridge|isbn=978-0-521-85824-3|pages=147–155}}</ref>

The speech culminated with the second use in the speech of the ''Ich bin ein Berliner'' phrase: "Today, in the world of freedom, the proudest boast is ''Ich bin ein Berliner!''" The crowd was quiet while Weber translated and repeated the president's German line; Kennedy was obviously relieved at the crowd's positive response and thanked Weber for his translation. Weber translated this compliment also. According to Daum, after this first successful delivery, "Kennedy, who fiddles a bit with his suit jacket, is grinning like a boy who has just pulled off a coup."<ref name=daum/>

Kennedy's [[United States National Security Advisor|National Security Advisor]] [[McGeorge Bundy]] thought the speech had gone "a little too far", and the two revised the text of a second major speech scheduled at the [[Free University of Berlin|Freie Universität Berlin]] later that day for a softer stance which "amounted to being a bit more conciliatory toward the Soviets."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/cold.war/episodes/09/reflections/|title= Teaching JFK German|author=Robert Lochner|author-link=Robert Lochner|publisher=[[CNN.com]]|access-date=September 24, 2006| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060905213202/http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/cold.war/episodes/09/reflections/|archive-date=September 5, 2006}}</ref>