Editing Iceberg (section)

=== Mass loss ===
Icebergs lose mass due to melting, and [[Ice calving|calving]]. Melting can be due to solar radiation, or heat and salt transport from the ocean. Iceberg calving is generally enhanced by waves impacting the iceberg. 

Melting tends to be driven by the ocean, rather than solar radiation. Ocean driven melting is often modelled as

: <math>M_{b} = K \Delta u^{0.8} \frac{T_0-T}{L^{0.2}},</math>

where <math>M_\text{b}</math> is the melt rate in m/day, <math>\Delta u</math> is the relative velocity between the iceberg and the ocean, <math>T_0-T</math> is the temperature difference between the ocean and the iceberg, and <math>L</math> is the length of the iceberg. <math>K</math> is a constant based on properties of the iceberg and the ocean and is approximately <math>0.75^\circ \text{C}^{-1} \text{m}^{0.4} \text{day}^{-1} \text{s}^{0.8}</math> in the polar ocean.<ref name="Cenedese">{{cite journal |last1=Cenedese |first1=Claudia |last2=Straneo |first2=Fiamma |title=Icebergs Melting |journal=Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics |date=19 January 2023 |volume=55 |issue=1 |pages=377–402 |doi=10.1146/annurev-fluid-032522-100734|doi-access=free |bibcode=2023AnRFM..55..377C }}</ref>

The influence of the shape of an iceberg<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hester |first1=Eric W. |last2=McConnochie |first2=Craig D. |last3=Cenedese |first3=Claudia |last4=Couston |first4=Louis-Alexandre |last5=Vasil |first5=Geoffrey |title=Aspect ratio affects iceberg melting |journal=Physical Review Fluids |date=12 February 2021 |volume=6 |issue=2 |page=023802 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevFluids.6.023802|arxiv=2009.10281 |bibcode=2021PhRvF...6b3802H }}</ref> and of the Coriolis force<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Meroni |first1=Agostino N. |last2=McConnochie |first2=Craig D. |last3=Cenedese |first3=Claudia |last4=Sutherland |first4=Bruce |last5=Snow |first5=Kate |title=Nonlinear influence of the Earth's rotation on iceberg melting |journal=Journal of Fluid Mechanics |date=10 January 2019 |volume=858 |pages=832–851 |doi=10.1017/jfm.2018.798|bibcode=2019JFM...858..832M |s2cid=126234419 }}</ref> on iceberg melting rates has been demonstrated in laboratory experiments.

Wave erosion is more poorly constrained but can be estimated by

: <math> M_\text{e} = cS_s(T_\text{s}+2)[1+\text{cos}(I_\text{c}^3\pi)],</math>

where <math>M_\text{e}</math> is the wave erosion rate in m/day, <math>c = \frac{1}{12} \text{m day}^{-1}</math>, <math>S_\text{S}</math> describes the sea state, <math>T_\text{S}</math> is the sea surface temperature, and <math>I_\text{c}</math> is the [[sea ice]] concentration.<ref name="Cenedese" />