Editing Iberia (airline) (section)

==Corporate affairs==
=== Business trends ===
The key trends for Iberia are (as of the financial year ending 31 December):<ref>{{Cite web |title=Annual reports {{!}} Operating Companies |url=https://www.iairgroup.com/investors-and-shareholders/financial-reporting/annual-reports/ |access-date=25 July 2024 |website=IAG}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
![[Fiscal year|Year]]
!Revenue<br>(€ bn)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Spanish airlines: Iberia revenue 2011-2021 |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/1261266/spain-iberia-revenue/ |access-date=2023-11-13 |website=Statista |language=en}}</ref> <!-- on one of the first pages of the Annual Accounts and Management Report -->
![[Net income|Net profit]]<br>(€ m) <!-- on one of the first pages of the Annual Accounts and Management Report -->
!Number of<br>employees <!-- in the section 16, 17 or 18 of the Annual Accounts and Management Report -->
!Number of<br>passengers<br>(m)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Spanish airlines: passengers carried by Iberia 2011-2021 |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/1262009/spain-iberia-passengers-carried/ |access-date=2023-11-13 |website=Statista |language=en}}</ref>
!Passenger<br>load factor<br>(%)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Spanish airlines: passenger load factor of Iberia 2011-2021 |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/1262191/spain-iberia-passenger-load-factor/ |access-date=2023-11-13 |website=Statista |language=en}}</ref> <!-- in a table on one of the last pages of the Annual Accounts and Management Report -->
!Fleet size <!-- in the section 7.1.1 or 6.1.1 of the Annual Accounts and Management Report -->
!''References''
|-
| style="text-align:left;" |2011
|4.4
|<span style="color:red;">−27</span>
|20,081
|17.3
|81.3
|103
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iberia Annual Accounts and Management Report 2011 |url=https://www.iairgroup.com/~/media/Files/I/IAG/annual-reports/iberia-annual-reports/Annual%20Account%20and%20Management%20Report%20for%20Full%20Year%202011.pdf |access-date=November 13, 2023 |website=IAG}} {{dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:left;" |2012
|4.6
|<span style="color:red;">−598</span>
|19,811
|14.8
|81.5
|111
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iberia Annual Accounts and Management Report 2012 |url=https://www.iairgroup.com/~/media/Files/I/IAG/annual-reports/iberia-annual-reports/en/annual-accounts-and-management-report-for-the-full-year-2012-iberia.pdf |access-date=November 13, 2023 |website=IAG}} {{dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:left;" |2013
|4.1
|<span style="color:red;">−493</span>
|18,254
|10.6
|79.2
|95
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iberia Annual Accounts and Management Report 2013 |url=https://www.iairgroup.com/~/media/Files/I/IAG/annual-reports/iberia-annual-reports/en/annual-accounts-and-management-report-for-the-full-year-2013-iberia.pdf |access-date=November 13, 2023 |website=IAG}} {{dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:left;" |2014
|4.1
|391
|16,907
|10.7
|78.6
|96
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iberia Annual Accounts and Management Report 2014 |url=https://www.iairgroup.com/~/media/Files/I/IAG/annual-reports/iberia-annual-reports/en/annual-accounts-and-management-report-for-the-full-year-2014-iberia.pdf |access-date=November 13, 2023 |website=IAG}} {{dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:left;" |2015
|4.5
|472
|16,177
|16.5
|81.1
|98
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iberia Annual Accounts and Management Report 2015 |url=https://www.iairgroup.com/~/media/Files/I/IAG/annual-reports/iberia-annual-reports/en/annual-accounts-and-management-report-for-the-full-year-2015-iberia.pdf |access-date=November 13, 2023 |website=IAG}} {{dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:left;" |2016
|4.4
|153
|15,809
|17.8
|82.0
|98
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iberia Annual Accounts and Management Report 2016 |url=https://www.iairgroup.com/~/media/Files/I/IAG/annual-reports/iberia-annual-reports/en/annual-accounts-and-management-report-for-the-full-year-2016-iberia.pdf |access-date=November 13, 2023 |website=IAG}} {{dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:left;" |2017
|4.7
|137
|15,738
|18.7
|84.1
|100
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iberia Annual Accounts and Management Report 2017 |url=https://www.iairgroup.com/~/media/Files/I/IAG/annual-reports/iberia-annual-reports/en/annual-accounts-and-management-report-for-the-full-year-2017-iberia.pdf |access-date=November 13, 2023 |website=IAG}} {{dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
|-
|2018
|5.4
|245
|16,180
|20.9
|85.7
|107
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iberia Annual Accounts and Management Report 2018 |url=https://www.iairgroup.com/~/media/Files/I/IAG/annual-reports/iberia-annual-reports/en/iberia-annual-acc-n-mgmt-report-2018.pdf |access-date=November 13, 2023 |website=IAG}} {{dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
|-
|2019
|5.6
|342
|16,776
|22.5
|87.0
|114
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iberia Annual Accounts and Management Report 2019 |url=https://www.iairgroup.com/~/media/Files/I/IAG/documents/Iberia%20Annual%20Report%202019.pdf |access-date=November 13, 2023 |website=IAG}} {{dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
|-
|2020
|2.2
|<span style="color:red;">−2,148</span>
|9,817
|5.8
|70.5
|113
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iberia Annual Accounts and Management Report 2020 |url=https://www.iairgroup.com/~/media/Files/I/IAG/annual-reports/iberia-annual-reports/en/iberia-annual-report-2020.pdf |access-date=November 13, 2023 |website=IAG}} {{dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
|-
|2021
|2.7
|<span style="color:red;">−704</span>
|11,491
|10.5
|68.9
|100
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iberia Annual Accounts and Management Report 2021 |url=https://www.iairgroup.com/~/media/Files/I/IAG/annual-reports/iberia-annual-reports/en/ib-opco-holding-ccaacc-31-12-2021-en.PDF |access-date=November 13, 2023 |website=IAG}} {{dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
|-
|2022
|5.5
|272
|15,499
|
|84.1
|111
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iberia Annual Accounts and Management Report 2022 |url=https://www.iairgroup.com/~/media/Files/I/IAG/annual-reports/iberia-annual-accounts-and-management-report-2022.pdf |access-date=November 13, 2023 |website=IAG}} {{dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
|-
|2023
|7.1
|1,001
|16,937
|
|87.1
|121
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iberia Consolidated Management Report 2023 |url=https://www.iairgroup.com/media/pkolawmc/iberia-consolidated-financial-statements-and-management-report-2023.pdf |access-date=25 July 2024 |website=IAG}}</ref>
|}

===Head office===
[[File:MV49 Business Park - Edificio V (Madrid) 01 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Head office]]
The company head office is in the MV49 Business Park in Madrid.<ref name="PreferenteSede">"[http://www.preferente.com/noticias-de-transportes/noticias-de-aerolineas/iberia-se-muda-de-sede-por-un-importante-ahorro-de-costes-235955.html Iberia se muda de sede por un "importante ahorro de costes"]" ([https://web.archive.org/web/20130818085142/http://www.preferente.com/noticias-de-transportes/noticias-de-aerolineas/iberia-se-muda-de-sede-por-un-importante-ahorro-de-costes-235955.html Archive]). ''Preferente''. 8 January 2013. Retrieved on 13 August 2014.</ref><ref>"[http://www.iberia.com/es/legal-information/]." Iberia. Retrieved on 13 August 2014.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.google.es/maps/@40.4444299,-3.6573215,3a,73.1y,275.26h,106.4t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1suSfckAIFcCvnw9IWrsC1Dg!2e0!7i13312!8i6656|title=Google Maps|website=Google Maps|access-date=19 April 2016}}</ref> This facility is in proximity to the intersection of the ''[[Autopista de Circunvalación M-30]]'' and ''Avenida de América''. In 2013, the company moved its head office from the former ''Campos Velázquez'',<ref name=PreferenteSede/> in the [[Salamanca (Madrid)|Salamanca district]] of Madrid,<ref>"[http://grupo.iberia.es/portal/site/grupoiberia/template.PAGE/menuitem.53d8a38c1062c8d239bf93ead21061ca/ Legal notice] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929031736/http://grupo.iberia.es/portal/site/grupoiberia/template.PAGE/menuitem.53d8a38c1062c8d239bf93ead21061ca/ |date=2011-09-29}}." Iberia. Retrieved on 25 February 2010. "IBERIA, Líneas Aéreas de España, S.A. with official address at Calle Velázquez no. 130, 28006 Madrid,"</ref> to save money.<ref name=PreferenteSede/>

===Ownership===
[[File:Iberia logo.svg|thumb|Former Iberia logo; used from 1977 to 2013]]
[[File:Salida a Bolsa de Iberia (2001).jpg|thumb|Announcement of the listing of Iberia in the [[Bolsa de Madrid|Madrid Stock Exchange]], 2001]]
On 3 April 2001, Iberia was privatised and included in the [[IBEX 35]] stock index of the [[Bolsa de Madrid|Madrid stock exchange]]. The core shareholders were: [[Caja Madrid]]– 23.45%, British Airways 13.2%, [[SEPI]]– 5.20%, [[El Corte Inglés]]– 2.90%.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://grupo.iberia.es/portal/site/grupoiberia/menuitem.5dcd178a7f0a73be19736c10d21061ca |title=Inicio – Iberia |publisher=Grupo.iberia.es |access-date=3 April 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225084512/http://grupo.iberia.es/portal/site/grupoiberia/menuitem.5dcd178a7f0a73be19736c10d21061ca |archive-date=25 February 2009}}</ref> British Airways raised its stake in Iberia by purchasing [[American Airlines]]' remaining shares, reportedly paying £13m for the small shareholding. This increased BA's total stake in Iberia to around 10% and preserved its two seats on the Iberia board.<ref>''[[Airliner World]]'' January 2007</ref>

In July 2008, British Airways and Iberia announced plans to merge, wherein each airline would retain its original brand.<ref name="baiberiamerger">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/30/business/worldbusiness/30air.html |title=British Airways in Merger Talks|last=Brothers|first=Caroline|work=The New York Times|date=30 July 2008|access-date=30 July 2008}}</ref> The agreement was confirmed in April 2010,<ref name = BAIM>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8608667.stm |work=BBC News | title=British Airways and Iberia sign merger agreement| date=8 April 2010 | access-date=23 October 2011}}</ref> and in July, the [[European Commission]] and [[United States Department of Transportation]] permitted the merger and the two airlines began to co-ordinate [[transatlantic flight|transatlantic]] routes with American Airlines.<ref name = ECABAIB>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/epic/bay/7890648/EC-approves-BA-alliance-with-American-Airlines-and-Iberia.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/epic/bay/7890648/EC-approves-BA-alliance-with-American-Airlines-and-Iberia.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|work=The Telegraph|title=EC approves BA alliance with American Airlines and Iberia|date=15 July 2010|access-date=15 July 2010 | location=London | first=Emma | last=Rowley}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref name = DAOAIA>{{cite news |title=British Airways given approval for tie up with American Airlines and Iberia |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/transport/7233020/British-Airways-given-approval-for-tie-up-with-American-Airlines-and-Iberia.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/transport/7233020/British-Airways-given-approval-for-tie-up-with-American-Airlines-and-Iberia.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |author=Kamal Ahmed |newspaper=The Telegraph |date=14 February 2010
|access-date=15 July 2013}}{{cbignore}}</ref> On 6 October 2010, the alliance between British Airways, American Airlines and Iberia formally began operations. At the time it was estimated the alliance would generate an estimated £230&nbsp;million in annual cost-saving for BA, in addition to the £330&nbsp;million which would be saved by the merger with Iberia.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/news-and-advice/airlines-unveil-new-deal-for-transatlantic-flyers-2101207.html|work=The Independent |location=London|title=Airlines unveil 'new deal for transatlantic flyers'|date=8 October 2010|access-date=8 October 2010}}</ref> The merger was finalised on 21 January 2011, resulting in the International Airlines Group (IAG), the world's third-largest airline in terms of annual revenue and the second-largest airline group in Europe.<ref name=BAIM/><ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.nation.co.ke/business/news/Iberia%20expects%20to%20complete%20merger%20with%20BA%20in%20January/-/1006/1041268/-/x2a6bh/-/index.html|work=Daily Nation|title=Iberia expects to complete merger with British Airways in January|access-date=18 November 2010|date=27 October 2010}}</ref>

Prior to merging, British Airways owned a 13.5% stake in Iberia, and thus received ownership of 55% of the combined International Airlines Group; Iberia's other shareholders received the remaining 45%.<ref name = TEP>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8356780.stm|title=BA and Iberia agree with merger deal|work=BBC News |date=12 November 2009|access-date=23 October 2011}}</ref>

The merger has been controversial. British Airways operates two funded principal-defined benefit pension schemes in the UK. British Airways admits that one of the most serious financial risks it suffers is the challenging pension schemes' combined deficit. The last actuarial valuation was £3.7&nbsp;billion, a value even greater than IAG's capitalisation.{{citation needed|date=September 2017}} In addition and according to the "Pensions Act" for the year 2004, should it be necessary, the United Kingdom's Pension Regulator could force Iberia or IAG to give additional financial support to British Airways' retirement pension schemes. In its "Annual Report and Accounts Year ended 31 December 2011" BA declared that "negative movements in pension asset values and financial returns from these assets may increase the size of the pension deficit".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britishairways.com/cms/global/microsites/ba_reports0910/our_business/risks.html|title=British Airways 2009/10 Annual Report and Accounts|website=www.britishairways.com|access-date=2 September 2017}}</ref>

{{As of|2013|12}}, the airline had over 18,000 employees.<ref>{{cite news|title= Iberia pilots and ground staff agree to job cuts|first= Victoria|last= Moores|work= [[Air Transport World]]|date= 24 July 2014|url= http://atwonline.com/labor/iberia-pilots-and-ground-staff-agree-job-cuts|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140724181155/http://atwonline.com/labor/iberia-pilots-and-ground-staff-agree-job-cuts|archive-date= 24 July 2014}}</ref>

Due to [[Brexit]], Iberia has been forced to prove that it is still a Spanish airline, despite being merged with [[British Airways]]. The consequence for not doing so is their potential inability to fly within the [[European Union]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/anagarciavaldivia/2019/01/08/brexits-impact-on-aviation-iberia-must-prove-its-spanish-nationality-to-continue-flying-in-the-eu/|title=Brexit's Impact On Aviation: Iberia Must Prove Its Spanish Nationality To Continue Flying In The EU|first=Ana Garcia|last=Valdivia|website=Forbes}}</ref>

===Subsidiaries and alliances===
Iberia has a 9.49% stake in [[low-cost carrier]] [[Vueling]] which is based near Barcelona, with parent company IAG owning the remaining 90.51%. This was done to ensure that IAG does not have 100% of the shares in Vueling, but that the shares are split between its divisions. Iberia also has a 0.95% share in [[Royal Air Maroc]].<ref name="FI" />

Iberia is allied with [[American Airlines]], [[Qantas]], [[Avianca]] and British Airways, and it was allied with [[Grupo TACA]]. On 1 September 1999, the company joined the [[Oneworld]] alliance.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.oneworld.com/news-information/oneworldnews/-/asset_publisher/QtTQ7EuCzxhd/content/oneworld-welcomes-iberia-on-board/maximized|title=oneworld welcomes Iberia on board – oneworld news|date=16 February 1999|website=www.oneworld.com|access-date=2 September 2017}}</ref>

Iberia formerly owned [[Aviaco]], which operated most domestic routes. It was founded on 18 February 1948 and operated until 1 September 1999. Iberia also owned [[Binter Canarias]], until the Spanish government began the privatisation of the subsidiary. Hesperia Inversiones Aéreas bought the airline from Iberia in July 2002. A second airline using the Binter name, [[Binter Mediterraneo]], was formed as a subsidiary of Iberia in 1988 with routes from [[Melilla]] to [[Málaga]], [[Almeria]], [[Valencia, Spain|Valencia]] and in its last year, with Madrid.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hosteltur.com/02132_binter-oferta-cerca-170-vuelos-semanales-programacion-verano.html|title=BINTER oferta cerca de 170 vuelos semanales en la programación de verano |website=Hosteltur|language=es-ES|access-date=6 November 2017}}</ref> The airline was acquired by [[Air Nostrum]] in 1998 and merged into its operations, at that time, the airline had a fleet of [[CASA/IPTN CN-235|CN-235s]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2001/06/21/economia/993130919.html|title=Iberia vende Binter Mediterráneo a su filial regional Air Nostrum|website=www.elmundo.es|access-date=6 November 2017}}</ref>

Iberia was a founding partner in the computerised air ticket reservation system, [[Amadeus CRS|Amadeus]], with an 18.28% stake.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://cincodias.elpais.com/cincodias/2005/01/13/empresas/1105627179_850215.html|title=Iberia retendrá un 11% del capital de Amadeus tras la compra|last=Ramón|first=Alberto Ortín|date=13 January 2005|work=Cinco Días|access-date=2 September 2017|language=es}}</ref> Iberia is also active as a tour operator through its Viva Tours<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hosteltur.com/02729_viva-tours-se-incorpora-al-programa-iberia-plus.html|title=Viva Tours se incorpora al programa Iberia Plus |website=Hosteltur: Toda la información de turismo|language=es-ES|access-date=2 September 2017}}</ref> and Tiempo Libre units,<ref>{{cite web|last=Ministry of Economy Spain|date=23 June 2003|title=Informe del servicio de defensa de la competencia N-03031 Teinver (Marsans) / Tiempo Libre|url=https://www.cnmc.es/sites/default/files/16172.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902190105/https://www.cnmc.es/sites/default/files/16172.pdf |archive-date=2017-09-02 |url-status=live|pages=20 pages}}</ref> and with Cacesa, it supplies parcel shipment services.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.alimarket.es/logistica/noticia/153538/cacesa-relanza-su-producto--ibexpress-|title=Cacesa relanza su producto|last=(TRANSmarket)|first=Alimarket Transporte|website=Alimarket.es|language=es-ES|access-date=2 September 2017}}</ref>

In addition, Iberia is an aircraft maintenance company, servicing its fleet and those of another 48 companies, including some leading European airlines.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iberiamaintenance.com/portal/site/mantenimientov2/menuitem.7d5395a7ffd3152498efcf5dd21061ca/?idioma=en|title=[ Alphabetical Order ] – Iberia Maintenance|website=www.iberiamaintenance.com|access-date=2 September 2017|archive-date=2 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902223119/http://www.iberiamaintenance.com/portal/site/mantenimientov2/menuitem.7d5395a7ffd3152498efcf5dd21061ca/?idioma=en|url-status=dead}}</ref> Iberia is a supplier of [[Aircraft ground handling|aircraft handling services]] at all Spanish airports and two in [[Equatorial Guinea]]; its airline clients number more than 200 and has 7300 employees.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://handling.iberia.es/en/nuestras-cifras/|title=Facts & Figures|work=Airport Services|access-date=2 September 2017}}</ref>
{{clear}}