Editing ISBN (section)

=== Registration group element ===
{{anchor|Registration Group identifier}}
{{anchor|ISBN format}}
The ISBN [[list of ISBN identifier groups|registration group element]] is a 1-to-5-digit number that is valid within a single prefix element (i.e. one of 978 or 979),<ref name="7th edition Users' Manual" />{{rp|11}} and can be separated between hyphens, such as {{nobr|"978-1-..."}}. Registration groups have primarily been allocated within the 978 prefix element.<ref name="ISBN Ranges">{{cite web |url= https://www.isbn-international.org/range_file_generation |title= ISBN Ranges |website=isbn-international.org |at=Select the format you desire and click on the Generate button |date= 29 April 2014 |access-date= 29 April 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140429101326/https://www.isbn-international.org/range_file_generation |archive-date= 29 April 2014 |url-status=live  }}</ref> The single-digit registration groups within the 978-prefix element are: 0 or 1 for English-speaking countries; 2 for French-speaking countries; 3 for German-speaking countries; 4 for Japan; 5 for Russian-speaking countries; and 7 for People's Republic of China. Example 5-digit registration groups are 99936 and 99980, for Bhutan. The allocated registration groups are: 0–5, 600–631, 65, 7, 80–94, 950–989, 9910–9989, and 99901–99993.<ref>See [https://www.isbn-international.org/range_file_generation a complete list of group identifiers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429101326/https://www.isbn-international.org/range_file_generation |date=29 April 2014 }}. ISBN.org sometimes calls them ''group numbers''. Their table of identifiers now refers to ''ISBN prefix ranges'', which must be assumed to be group identifier ranges.</ref> Books published in rare languages typically have longer group elements.<ref>{{cite book |last=Hailman |first=Jack Parker |date=2008 |title=Coding and redundancy: man-made and animal-evolved signals |publisher=Harvard University Press |page=209 |isbn=978-0-674-02795-4}}</ref>

Within the 979 prefix element, the registration group 0 is reserved for compatibility with [[International Standard Music Number]]s (ISMNs), but such material is not actually assigned an ISBN.<ref name="6th edition Users' Manual">{{cite book |url=https://www.isbn-international.org/sites/default/files/ISBN%20Manual%202012%20-corr.pdf |title=ISBN Users' Manual, International Edition |edition=6th |date=2012 |page=23 |publisher=International ISBN Agency |location=London |isbn=978-92-95055-02-5 |access-date=29 April 2014 |archive-date=29 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429101742/https://www.isbn-international.org/sites/default/files/ISBN%20Manual%202012%20-corr.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> The registration groups within prefix element 979 that have been assigned are 8 for the United States of America, 10 for France, 11 for the Republic of Korea, and 12 for Italy.<ref name="C4WDefault-5691881">{{cite web |url=https://www.isbn-international.org/export_rangemessagebyprefix.pdf |title=International ISBN Agency – Range Message (pdf sorted by prefix) |page=29 |website=isbn-international.org |date=5 December 2014 |access-date=15 December 2014 |author=International ISBN Agency |archive-date=29 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141229084400/https://www.isbn-international.org/export_rangemessagebyprefix.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

The original 9-digit standard book number (SBN) had no registration group identifier, but prefixing a zero to a 9-digit SBN creates a valid 10-digit ISBN.