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==Flow rates== [[File:Islande source Deildartunguhver.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Deildartunguhver]], [[Iceland]]: the highest flow hot spring in [[Europe]]]] Hot springs range in flow rate from the tiniest "seeps" to veritable rivers of hot water. Sometimes there is enough pressure that the water shoots upward in a [[geyser]], or [[fountain]]. ===High-flow hot springs=== There are many claims in the literature about the flow rates of hot springs. There are many more high flow non-thermal springs than geothermal springs. Springs with high flow rates include: * The [[Dalhousie Springs]] complex in Australia had a peak total flow of more than 23,000 liters/second in 1915, giving the average spring in the complex an output of more than 325 liters/second. This has been reduced now to a peak total flow of 17,370 liters/second so the average spring has a peak output of about 250 liters/second.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Desert Springs of Great Australian Arterial Basin |author=W. F. Ponder |author-link=Winston Ponder |journal=Conference Proceedings. Spring-fed Wetlands: Important Scientific and Cultural Resources of the Intermountain Region |year=2002 |url=http://www.wetlands.dri.edu |access-date=2013-04-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006151305/http://www.wetlands.dri.edu/ |archive-date=2008-10-06 }}</ref> * [[File:natural iron hot spring.jpg|upright|thumb|"Blood Pond" hot spring in [[Beppu]], Japan ]]The 2,850 hot springs of [[Beppu]] in Japan are the highest flow hot spring complex in Japan. Together the Beppu hot springs produce about 1,592 liters/second, or corresponding to an average hot spring flow of 0.56 liters/second. * The 303 hot springs of [[Kokonoe, Ōita|Kokonoe]] in Japan produce 1,028 liters/second, which gives the average hot spring a flow of 3.39 liters/second. * [[Ōita Prefecture]] has 4,762 hot springs, with a total flow of 4,437 liters/second, so the average hot spring flow is 0.93 liters/second. * The highest flow rate hot spring in Japan is the [[Tamagawa Hot Spring]] in [[Akita Prefecture]], which has a flow rate of 150 liters/second. The Tamagawa Hot Spring feeds a {{convert|3|m|ft|abbr=on}} wide stream with a temperature of {{convert|98|°C|°F}}. * The most famous hot springs of [[Brazil]]'s [[Caldas Novas]] ("New Hot Springs" in [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]) are tapped by 86 wells, from which 333 liters/second are pumped for 14 hours per day. This corresponds to a peak average flow rate of 3.89 liters/second per well.{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}} * In [[Florida]], there are 33 recognized "magnitude one [[Spring (hydrosphere)|springs]]" (having a flow in excess of {{Convert|2800|L/s|abbr=on}}). [[Silver Springs, Florida]] has a flow of more than {{Convert|21000|L/s|abbr=on}}. * The [[Excelsior Geyser]] Crater in [[Yellowstone National Park]] [[yield (hydrology)|yields]] about {{Convert|4000|U.S.gal/min|abbr=on}}. * Evans Plunge in [[Hot Springs, South Dakota]] has a flow rate of {{Convert|5000|U.S.gal/min|abbr=on}} of {{Convert|87|F}} spring water. The Plunge, built in 1890, is the world's largest natural warm water indoor swimming pool. * The hot spring of [[Saturnia]], Italy with around 500 liters a second<ref>[http://www.termedisaturnia.it/en/thermal-spring/hot-springs Terme di Saturnia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130417062507/http://www.termedisaturnia.it/en/thermal-spring/hot-springs |date=2013-04-17 }}, website</ref> * [[Lava Hot Springs, Idaho|Lava Hot Springs]] in [[Idaho]] has a flow of 130 liters/second. * [[Glenwood Springs, Colorado|Glenwood Springs]] in [[Colorado]] has a flow of 143 liters/second. * [[Elizabeth Springs]] in western [[Queensland]], Australia might have had a flow of 158 liters/second in the late 19th century, but now has a flow of about 5 liters/second. * [[Deildartunguhver]] in [[Iceland]] has a flow of 180 liters/second. * There are at least three hot springs in the [[Nage]] region {{convert|8|km|mi|abbr=on}} south west of [[Bajawa]] in [[Indonesia]] that collectively produce more than 453.6 liters/second. * There are another three large hot springs (Mengeruda, Wae Bana and Piga) {{convert|18|km|mi|abbr=on}} north east of Bajawa, [[Indonesia]] that together produce more than 450 liters/second of hot water.
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