Editing Homosexuality and religion (section)

====Judaism====
{{Main|Jewish views on homosexuality}}
[[File:Homophobic protestors-02. Haifa 2010.jpg|thumb|[[Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox Jewish]] protesters holding Anti-LGBT Protest signs during the Gay Pride parade in [[Haifa]], Israel (2010)]]

The [[Torah]] (first five books of the [[Tanakh|Hebrew Bible]]) is the primary source for Jewish views on homosexuality. It states that: "[A man] shall not lie with another man as [he would] with a woman, it is {{lang|hbo|תועבה}} ({{transliteration|hbo|to'eba}}, "abomination")" ([[Leviticus]] 18:22).<ref>{{bibleverse|Leviticus|18:22|HE}}</ref> (Like many similar commandments, the stated punishment for willful violation is the [[death penalty]], although in practice [[rabbi]]nic Judaism no longer believes it has the authority to implement death penalties.)

[[Orthodox Judaism]] views homosexual acts as sinful. In recent years, there have been approaches<ref>{{Cite web |last=DORFF |first=ELLIOT N. |last2=NEVINS |first2=DANIEL S. |last3=REISNER |first3=AVRAM I.|display-authors=1 |date=December 6, 2006 |title=HOMOSEXUALITY, HUMAN DIGNITY & HALAKHAH: A COMBINED RESPONSUM FOR THE COMMITTEE ON JEWISH LAW AND STANDARDS |url=http://rabbinicalassembly.org/sites/default/files/public/halakhah/teshuvot/20052010/dorff_nevins_reisner_dignity.pdf |access-date=3 Feb 2025 |publisher=The Rabbinical Assembly}}</ref> claiming that only the sexual anal act is forbidden and considered an abomination by the Torah, while sexual orientation and even other sexual activities are not considered a sin. [[Conservative Judaism]] has engaged in an in-depth study of homosexuality since the 1990s, with various rabbis presenting a wide array of [[responsa]] (papers with legal arguments) for communal consideration. The official position of the movement is to welcome homosexual Jews into their [[synagogue]]s, and also campaign against any discrimination in [[Civil law (private law)|civil law]] and public society, but also to uphold a ban on anal sex as a religious requirement.

[[File:Pride Minyan.jpg|thumb|A halakhic egalitarian Pride [[minyan]] in [[Tel Aviv]] on the second Shabbat of [[Hanukkah]] with a rainbow [[Hanukkah menorah|menorah]]]]

[[Reform Judaism]] and [[Reconstructionist Judaism]] in [[North America]] and [[Liberal Judaism (UK)|Liberal Judaism]] in the [[United Kingdom]] view homosexuality to be acceptable on the same basis as [[heterosexuality]]. Progressive Jewish authorities believe either that traditional laws against homosexuality are no longer binding or that they are subject to changes that reflect a new understanding of human sexuality.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Dorff |first1=Elliot N. |last2=Novak |first2=David |last3=Mackler |first3=Aaron L. |date=2008 |title=Homosexuality: A Case Study in Jewish Ethics |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23562843 |journal=Journal of the Society of Christian Ethics |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=225–235 |doi=10.5840/jsce200828134 |jstor=23562843 |issn=1540-7942}}</ref> Some of these authorities rely on modern biblical scholarship suggesting that the prohibition in the Torah was intended to ban coercive or ritualized male-male sex, such as those practices ascribed to [[Ancient Egypt|Egyptian]] and [[Canaan]]ite [[fertility cult]]s and [[sacred prostitution|temple prostitution]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.somethingjewish.co.uk/articles/219_liberals_recognise_c.htm|title=Liberals recognise committed same-sex partnerships|access-date=22 August 2015|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924103725/http://www.somethingjewish.co.uk/articles/219_liberals_recognise_c.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xOmU5q1x8HsC&q=judaism%20homosexual&pg=PA29|title=Wrestling with God and Men: Homosexuality in the Jewish Tradition|last=Greenberg|first=Steven|date=23 February 2004|publisher=Univ of Wisconsin Press|isbn=9780299190934|language=en}}</ref>