Editing Hollywood, Los Angeles (section)

===Motion picture industry===
{{Main|Cinema of the United States}}
[[File:NestorStudios-Hollywood-1913.jpg|thumb|upright=1|[[Nestor Studios]], Hollywood's first movie studio, 1912]]
[[File:Hollywood-Studios-1922.jpg|right|thumb|upright=1|Hollywood movie studios in 1922]]
By 1912, major motion-picture companies had come West to set up production near or in Los Angeles.<ref>Jacobs, Lewis. ''The Rise of the American Film'' Harcourt Brace, New York, 1930; p. 85</ref>

In the early 1900s, most motion picture camera and equipment [[patent]]s were held by [[Thomas Edison]]'s [[Motion Picture Patents Company]] in [[New Jersey]], which often sued filmmakers to stop their productions. To escape this, filmmakers began moving to Los Angeles, where attempts to enforce Edison's patents were easier to evade.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of Hollywood, California|url=http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h3871.html|access-date=May 27, 2014}}</ref> Also, the weather was ideal for filmmaking and there was quick access to various settings. Los Angeles became the capital of the film industry in the United States.<ref name="Mintz, S. 2013">Mintz, S., and S. McNeil. "Hollywood as History". Digital History. N.p., 2013. Web. May 20, 2014.</ref> The mountains, plains and low land prices made Hollywood a good place to establish film studios.<ref name="Hayward, Susan 2006. p. 205">Hayward, Susan. "Hollywood" in ''Cinema Studies: The Key Concepts'' (Third Edition). Routledge, 2006. p. 205</ref>

Director [[D. W. Griffith]] was the first to make a motion picture in Hollywood. His 17-minute short film ''[[In Old California (1910 film)|In&nbsp;Old&nbsp;California]]'' (1910) was filmed for the [[Biograph Company]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/feb/28/philip-french-best-hollywood-films |title=How 100 years of Hollywood have charted the history of America |access-date=May 24, 2010 |author=Philip French |date=February 28, 2010|work=The Guardian |location=UK}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=L.A. Then and Now: Film Pioneer Griffith Rode History to Fame|first=Cecilia |last=Rasmussen|work=Los Angeles Times|date=August 1, 1999|page=3}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=How the West was won Time lapse|first=Jonathan|last=Dyson|work=The Independent|location=London (UK)|date=March 4, 2000|page=54}}</ref> Although Hollywood banned movie theaters—of which it had none—before annexation that year, Los Angeles had no such restriction.<ref name=friedrich1986>{{cite book|last=Friedrich|first=Otto|title=City of Nets: A Portrait of Hollywood in the 1940s|year=1986|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley and Los Angeles|isbn=0-520-20949-4|page=6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0x8AFchW4JsC&pg=PP1}}</ref>

The first studio in Hollywood opened in early 1913, on Formosa Avenue down the street from Helen Muir's home.<ref name="Passion" />{{rp|page=447}} Her father [[John Muir]] returned from his tour of [[Europe]] and [[East Africa]] a few months later and continued work on [[Yosemite National Park|Yosemite]] and his book, ''The Yosemite''.<ref name="Passion">{{cite book | date=2008 | publication-place=[[Oxford]] | publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] (OUP) | pages=535 | title=A Passion for Nature : The Life of John Muir | isbn=978-0-19-516682-8 | oclc=191090285 | last=Worster | first=Donald | author-link=Donald Worster}}</ref>{{rp|page=447}} The [[Nestor Film Company]] was the first studio, established in October 1911{{dubious|reason=See Passion p.447|date=September 2022}} by the New Jersey–based [[Centaur Film Company]] in a [[roadhouse (facility)|roadhouse]] at 6121 [[Sunset Boulevard]] (the corner of [[Gower Street (Hollywood)|Gower]]).{{citation needed|date=September 2022}} Four major film companies – [[Paramount Pictures|Paramount]], [[Warner Bros.]], [[RKO Pictures|RKO]], and [[Columbia Pictures|Columbia]] – had studios in Hollywood, as did several minor companies and rental studios. In the 1920s, Hollywood was the fifth-largest industry in the nation.<ref name="Mintz, S. 2013"/>{{Clarify|reason=Does it mean filmmaking was the fifth-largest industry?|date=May 2021}} By the 1930s, Hollywood studios became fully [[Vertical integration|vertically integrated]], as production, distribution and exhibition was controlled by these companies, enabling Hollywood to produce 600 films per year.<ref name="Hayward, Susan 2006. p. 205"/>

Hollywood became known as ''Tinseltown''<ref name=CollinsDictionary>
{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/tinseltown |title=Tinseltown |dictionary=[[Collins English Dictionary]] |access-date=January 14, 2014}}</ref>
and the "dream factory"<ref name="Hayward, Susan 2006. p. 205"/> because of the glittering image of the movie industry.