Editing History of Kazakhstan (section)

== Mongol Empire and Golden Horde ==
[[File:GoldenHorde1300.png|thumb|Locator map of the Golden Horde, c. 1300]]
{{main|Golden Horde|Turco-Mongol tradition}}

During Mongol advancement into Desht-i-Kipchak lands, some Cuman-Kipchak leaders fought the advancing Mongols, but most joined them and came to constitute most of the military force of the [[Mongol Empire]].

In the latter 13th century, the western part of the empire, ruled by [[Jochi]] (the eldest son of [[Genghis khan]]), broke away and established an independent [[Golden Horde]]. All of the later rulers of it came from Jochi lineage.

During [[Uzbeg Khan]]'s rule (1312–41), [[Islam]] was adopted as a state religion.

According to the latest research of population genetics, mainly of autosomal markers and Y-chromosome polymorphism, it is believed that during the 13th to 15th centuries that the [[Kazakhs|Kazakh]] ethnicity emerged.<ref name="Золотая Орда">''Sabitov Zh. M., Zhabagin M. K.'' [https://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/handle/123456789/1391/СабитовЖ.%2c%20Жабагин%20М.%20Этногенез.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Population genetics of Kazakh ethnogenesis] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211223052202/https://nur.nu.edu.kz/bitstream/handle/123456789/1391/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%96.%2C%20%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD%20%D0%9C.%20%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |date=23 December 2021 }}</ref>