Editing History of Burkina Faso (section)

==Burkina Faso==
{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Burkina Faso
| common_name            = 
| image_flag             = Flag of Burkina Faso.svg
| image_coat             = Coat of arms of Burkina Faso 1984-1991.svg
| symbol_type            = Emblem
| image_map              = Burkina Faso (orthographic projection).svg
| capital                = [[Ouagadougou]]
| national_motto         = {{native phrase|fr|"La Patrie ou la Mort, Nous Vaincrons"|italics=off}}<br />{{small|"Homeland or Death, we will conquer"}}
| national_anthem        = [[Ditanyè|Une Seule Nuit / Ditanyè]]<br />({{Langx|en|"One Single Night / Hymn to Victory"}})
| government_type        = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Sankarism|Sankarist]] [[republic]] under a [[Benevolent dictatorship|benevolent]] [[military dictatorship]]/[[Military junta|junta]]
| leader1                = [[Thomas Sankara]]
| year_leader1           = 1983 - 1987
| leader2                = 
| year_leader2           = 
| title_leader           = [[List of heads of state of Burkina Faso|President]]
| title_representative   = 
| year_representative1   = 
| representative1        = 
| year_representative2   = 
| representative2        = 
| year_representative3   = 
| representative3        = 
| year_representative4   = 
| representative4        = 
| event_start            = Established
| date_start             = 4 August
| year_start             = 1983
| event_end              = 1987 Coup d'état
| date_end               = 15 October
| era                    = [[Cold War]]
| year_end               = 1987
| p1                     = Republic of Upper Volta
| flag_p1                = Flag of Upper Volta.svg
| s1                     = History of Burkina Faso#Rule of Blaise Compaore{{!}}Burkina Faso
| flag_s1                = Flag of Burkina Faso.svg
| year_exile_start       = <!-- Year of start of exile (if dealing with exiled government: status="Exile") -->
| year_exile_end         = <!-- Year of end of exile (leave blank if still in exile) -->
| event1                 = Renamed to Burkina Faso
| date_event1            = 2 August 1984
| event2                 = [[Agacher Strip War]]
| date_event2            = 25 December 1985
| event3                 = 
| date_event3            = 
| event4                 = 
| date_event4            = 
| event5                 = 
| date_event5            = 
| legislature            = 
| currency               = [[West African CFA franc]]
| currency_code          = XOF
| area_km2               = 274200
| area_rank              = 
| area_sq_mi             = 
| GDP_PPP                = 
| GDP_PPP_year           = 
| HDI                    = 
| HDI_year               = 
}}
On 2&nbsp;August 1984,<ref name="WDL1">{{cite web|url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/635|title=More (Language of the Moose people) Phrase Book|publisher=[[World Digital Library]]|access-date=16 February 2013}}</ref> on President Sankara's initiative, the country's name was changed from Upper Volta to Burkina Faso (''land of the upright/honest people'').<ref>Kingfisher Geography Encyclopedia. {{ISBN|1-85613-582-9}}. Page 170</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Francophone Sub-Saharan Africa: 1880-198|last=Manning|first=Patrick|publisher=New York|year=1988|location=Cambridge}}</ref><ref>The name is an [[Amalgamation (linguistics)|amalgam]] of [[More language|More]] ''burkina'' ("honest", "upright", or "incorruptible men") and [[Dioula language|Jula]] ''faso'' ("homeland"; literally "father's house"). The "-be" suffix in the name for the people – Burkinabe – comes from the [[Fula language|Fula]] plural suffix for people, ''-ɓe''.</ref> The presidential decree was confirmed by the National Assembly on 4 August.

Sankara's government formed the National Council for the Revolution (CNR), with Sankara as its president, and established popular [[Committees for the Defense of the Revolution (Burkina Faso)|Committees for the Defense of the Revolution]] (CDRs). The [[Pioneers of the Revolution]] youth programme was also established.

Sankara launched an ambitious socioeconomic programme for change, one of the largest ever undertaken on the African continent.<ref name="UprightDVD2"/> His foreign policies were centred on [[anti-imperialism]], his government denying all [[foreign aid]], pushing for [[odious debt]] reduction, nationalising all land and mineral wealth and averting the power and influence of the [[International Monetary Fund]] (IMF) and [[World Bank]]. His domestic policies included a nationwide literacy campaign, land redistribution to peasants, railway and road construction and the outlawing of [[female genital mutilation]], [[forced marriage]]s and [[polygamy]].<ref name="Grila2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120124093433/http://www.zcommunications.org/commemorating-thomas-sankara-by-farid-omar Commemorating Thomas Sankara] by Farid Omar, ''Group for Research and Initiative for the Liberation of Africa'' (GRILA), November 28, 2007</ref><ref name="UprightDVD2" />

Sankara pushed for agrarian self-sufficiency and promoted public health by vaccinating 2,500,000 children against [[meningitis]], [[yellow fever]], and [[measles]].<ref name="Grila2"/> His national agenda also included planting over 10,000,000 trees to halt the growing [[desertification]] of the [[Sahel]]. Sankara called on every village to build a medical dispensary and had over 350 communities build schools with their own labour.<ref name="UprightDVD2" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://thomassankara.net/resurrecting-thomas-sankara/?lang=en|title=Resurrecting Thomas Sankara - My Blog|last=X|first=Mr|date=2015-10-28|work=My Blog|access-date=2017-04-25|language=en-US}}</ref>

===Five-day War with Mali===

{{Main|Agacher Strip War}}

On Christmas Day 1985, tensions with [[Mali]] over the mineral-rich [[Agacher Strip]] erupted in a war that lasted five days and killed about 100 people. The conflict ended after mediation by President [[Félix Houphouët-Boigny]] of [[Ivory Coast]]. The conflict is known as the "Christmas war" in Burkina Faso.

===Rule of Blaise Compaoré===
{{Infobox former country
| conventional_long_name = Burkina Faso
| common_name            = 
| image_flag             = Flag of Burkina Faso.svg
| image_coat             = Coat of arms of Burkina Faso.svg
| symbol_type            = Coat of Arms (1997 - 2014)
| image_map              = Burkina Faso (orthographic projection).svg
| capital                = [[Ouagadougou]]
| national_motto         = {{native phrase|fr|"Unité–Progrès–Justice"|italics=off}}<br />{{small|"Unity–Progress–Justice"}}
| national_anthem        = [[Ditanyè|Une Suele Nuit / Ditanyè]]<br />({{Langx|en|"One Single Night / Hymn to Victory"}})
| government_type        = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Dominant-party system|dominant-party]] [[republic]] under a [[dictatorship]]
| leader1                = [[Blaise Compaoré]]
| year_leader1           = 1987 - 2014
| leader2                = 
| year_leader2           = 
| title_leader           = [[List of heads of state of Burkina Faso|President]]
| title_representative   = [[List of prime ministers of Burkina Faso|Prime Minister]]
| year_representative1   = 1992–1994 (first)
| representative1        = [[Youssouf Ouédraogo]]
| year_representative2   = 2011–2014 (last)
| representative2        = [[Luc-Adolphe Tiao]] 
| year_representative3   = 
| representative3        = 
| year_representative4   = 
| representative4        = 
| event_start            = 1987 Coup d'état
| date_start             = 15 October
| year_start             = 1987
| event_end              = [[2014 Burkina Faso uprising]]
| date_end               = 28 October - 3 November
| era                    = 
| year_end               = 2014
| p1                     = History of Burkina Faso#Burkina Faso{{!}}Burkina Faso
| flag_p1                = Flag of Burkina Faso.svg
| s1                     = Burkina Faso
| flag_s1                = Flag of Burkina Faso.svg
| year_exile_start       = <!-- Year of start of exile (if dealing with exiled government: status="Exile") -->
| year_exile_end         = <!-- Year of end of exile (leave blank if still in exile) -->
| event1                 = 
| date_event1            = 
| event2                 = 
| date_event2            = 
| event3                 = 
| date_event3            = 
| event4                 = 
| date_event4            = 
| event5                 = 
| date_event5            = 
| legislature            = 
| currency               = [[West African CFA franc]]
| currency_code          = XOF
| area_km2               = 274200
| area_rank              = 
| area_sq_mi             = 
| GDP_PPP                = 
| GDP_PPP_year           = 
| HDI                    = 
| HDI_year               = 
}}

[[Image:Pionniers de la révolution.jpg|thumb|left|Children of the 1983–1987 revolution]]
The CDRs, which were formed as popular mass organizations, deteriorated in some areas into gangs of armed thugs and clashed with several trade unions. Tensions over the repressive tactics of the government and its overall direction mounted steadily. On October 15, 1987, Sankara was [[assassination|assassinated]] in a coup which brought Captain [[Blaise Compaoré]] to power.
[[File:Blaise Compaoré.jpeg|thumb|Blaise Compaoré]]

Compaoré, Captain [[Henri Zongo]], and Major Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lengani formed the [[Popular Front (Burkina Faso)|Popular Front (FP)]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Wiafe-Amoako |first=Francis Wiafe |title=Africa 2015-2016 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers |year=2015 |isbn=9781475818697 |pages=75}}</ref> which pledged to continue and pursue the goals of the revolution and to "rectify" Sankara's "deviations" from the original aims.<ref name=":0" /> The new government, in aims of bourgeois support, tacitly moderated many of Sankara's policies. As part of a much-discussed political "opening" process, several political organizations, three of them non-Marxist, were accepted under an umbrella political organization created in June 1989 by the FP.

Some members of the leftist [[Organization for Popular Democracy – Labour Movement|Organisation pour la Démocratie Populaire/Mouvement du Travail]] (ODP/MT) were against the admission of non-Marxist groups in the front. On September 18, 1989, while Compaoré was returning from a two-week trip to Asia, Lengani and Zongo were accused of [[1989 Burkinabé coup d'état attempt|plotting]] to overthrow the Popular Front. They were arrested and summarily executed the same night. Compaoré reorganized the government, appointed several new ministers, and assumed the portfolio of Minister of Defense and Security. On December 23, 1989, a presidential security detail arrested about 30 civilians and military personnel accused of plotting a coup in collaboration with the Burkinabe external opposition.

Burkina Faso adopted a new [[Constitution of Burkina Faso|constitution]] on June 2, 1991.

In 2005, Compaoré elected to his third term. In November 2010, President Compaoré was re–elected for a fourth straight term. He won 80.2% of the vote, while [[Hama Arba Diallo]] came a distant second with 8.2%.

In February 2011, the death of a schoolboy provoked an uprising in the entire country, lasting through April 2011, which was coupled with a military mutiny and with a strike of the magistrates. See {{Interlanguage link|2011 Burkina Faso uprising|fr|3=Révolte burkinabée|vertical-align=sup}}.

===Overthrow of Compaoré===
{{main|2014 Burkinabé uprising}}
In June 2014 Compaoré's ruling party, the CDP, called on him to organise a referendum that would allow him to alter the constitution in order to seek re-election in 2015; otherwise he would be forced to step down due to term limits.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.enca.com/burkina-faso-ruling-party-calls-referendum-term-limits|title=Burkina Faso ruling party calls for referendum on term limits, Africa, 22 June 2014, ENCA|access-date=July 23, 2015|archive-date=February 20, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220023939/https://www.enca.com/burkina-faso-ruling-party-calls-referendum-term-limits|url-status=dead}}</ref>

On 30 October 2014 the National Assembly was scheduled to debate an amendment to the constitution which would have enabled Compaoré to stand for re-election as president in 2015. Opponents protested this by storming the parliament building in Ouagadougou, starting fires inside it and looting offices; billowing smoke was reported to be coming from the building by the BBC.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-29831262 "Burkina Faso parliament set ablaze"]. BBC News. 30 October 2014. Retrieved 30 October 2014.</ref> Opposition spokesman Pargui Emile Paré, of the [[People's Movement for Socialism / Federal Party]], described the protests as "Burkina Faso’s black spring, like the Arab spring".<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/30/protesters-storm-burkina-faso-parliament-constitution-vote-president-blaise-compaore "Protesters storm Burkina Faso's parliament"]. ''The Guardian''. 30 October 2014. Retrieved 30 October 2014.</ref>

Compaoré reacted to the events by shelving the proposed constitutional changes, dissolving the government, declaring a state of emergency and offering to work with the opposition to resolve the crisis. Later in the day, the military, under General Honore Traore, announced that it would install a transitional government "in consultation with all parties" and that the National Assembly was dissolved; he foresaw "a return to the constitutional order" within a year. He did not make clear what role, if any, he envisioned for Compaoré during the transitional period.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-29840100 "Burkina Faso army announces emergency measures"], BBC News, 30 October 2014.</ref><ref>Hervé Taoko and Alan Cowell, [https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/31/world/africa/burkina-faso-protests-blaise-compaore.html?_r=0 "Government of Burkina Faso collapses"], ''The New York Times'', 30 October 2014.</ref><ref>Mathieu Bonkoungou and Joe Penney, [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-burkina-politics-idUSKBN0IJ0NZ20141030 "Burkina army imposes interim government after crowd burns parliament"], Reuters, 30 October 2014.</ref> Compaoré said that he was prepared to leave office at the end of the transition.<ref>[http://www.dw.de/compaore-says-will-step-down-as-burkina-faso-president/a-18031319 "Compaore says will step down as Burkina Faso president"], Deutsche Welle, 30 October 2014.</ref>

On October 31 Compaoré announced he had left the presidency and that there was a "power vacuum"; he also called for a "free and transparent" election within 90 days. [[Yacouba Isaac Zida]] then took over the reins as head of state in an interim capacity.<ref name="resign">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-29851445|title=Burkina Faso general takes over as Compaore resigns|work=BBC News|date=November 2014}}</ref>

On 17 November 2014, a civilian, [[Michel Kafando]], was chosen to replace Zida as transitional head of state, and he was sworn in on 18 November.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-burkina-politics-idUSKCN0J217V20141118 "Kafando sworn in as Burkina Faso transitional president"], Reuters, 18 November 2014.</ref> Kafando then appointed Zida as [[List of heads of government of Burkina Faso|Prime Minister of Burkina Faso]] on 19 November 2014.<ref>Mathieu Bonkoungou and Nadoun Coulibaly, [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-burkina-politics-idUSKCN0J323F20141119 "Burkina Faso names army colonel Zida as prime minister"], Reuters, 19 November 2014.</ref>

On 19 July 2015, amidst tensions between the military and Prime Minister Zida, Kafando stripped Zida of the defense portfolio and took over the portfolio himself. He also took over the security portfolio, previously held by Zida's ally [[Auguste Denise Barry]].<ref>[http://www.news24.com/Africa/News/Burkina-Faso-reshuffles-govt-3-months-before-polls-20150720 "Burkina Faso reshuffles govt 3 months before polls"], Deutsche Presse-Agentur, 20 July 2015.</ref> As part of the same reshuffle, he appointed [[Moussa Nébié]] to replace himself as Minister of Foreign Affairs.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190210215102/https://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFKCN0PU0HN20150720 "Burkina Faso reshuffles government 3 months before elections"], Reuters, 20 July 2015.</ref>

=== September 2015 failed coup d'état ===
{{main|2015 Burkinabe coup d'état}}On 16 September 2015, two days after a recommendation from the National Reconciliation and Reforms Commission to disband the [[Regiment of Presidential Security]] (RSP), members of the RSP [[2015 Burkinabe coup d'état|detained President Kafando and Prime Minister Zida]], and installed the [[National Council for Democracy]] in power with [[Gilbert Diendéré]] as its chairman.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ouedraogo |first=Brahima |date=16 September 2015 |title=Military detains Burkina Faso's president, prime minister weeks ahead of landmark vote |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2015/09/16/military-detains-burkina-faso-leaders-weeks-before-vote |newspaper=[[U.S. News & World Report]] |agency=[[Associated Press]] |access-date=16 September 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Coulibaly |first1=Nadoun |last2=Flynn |first2=Daniel |date=16 September 2015 |title=Burkina Faso presidential guard detains cabinet - military sources |url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-burkina-army-idUKKCN0RG28S20150916 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305082607/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-burkina-army-idUKKCN0RG28S20150916 |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 5, 2016 |newspaper=[[Reuters]] |access-date=16 September 2015 }}</ref>

The military chief of staff (the ''chef d'état-major des armées du Burkina Faso''), Brigadier General [[Pingrenoma Zagré]], called on members of the RSP to lay down their arms, promising in a statement that they would not be harmed if they surrendered peacefully.<ref>Mathieu Bonkoungou and Nadoun Coulibaly, [https://news.yahoo.com/burkina-faso-army-enters-capital-disarm-coup-leaders-010757478.html "Burkina Faso army enters capital to disarm coup leaders"], Reuters, 21 September 2015.</ref>

Kafando was believed to remain under house arrest until 21 September, when he was reported to have arrived at the residence of the French ambassador.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-34321961 "Burkina Faso army reaches capital to quell coup"], BBC News, 22 September 2015.</ref> The regular army issued an ultimatum to the RSP to surrender by the morning of 22 September.<ref>[https://news.yahoo.com/burkina-faso-army-enters-capital-disarm-coup-leaders-010757478.html "Loyalist troops tell Burkina coup leaders: surrender or face attack"], Reuters, 22 September 2015.</ref>

Kafando was reinstalled as president at a ceremony on 23 September in the presence of [[ECOWAS]] leaders.<ref>Patrick Fort and Romaric Ollo Hien, [https://news.yahoo.com/burkinas-interim-leader-says-resuming-power-coup-101202420.html "Burkina president resumes power after week-long coup"], Agence France-Presse, 23 September 2015.</ref>

On 25 September the RSP was disbanded by government decree. On 26 September the assets of Diendéré and others associated with the coup, as well as the assets of four political parties, including the CDP, were frozen by the state prosecutor.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/29/world/africa/coup-faction-in-burkina-faso-fails-to-disarm-officials-say.html|title=Burkina Faso Coup Plotters Refuse to Give Up Arms, Imperiling Deal|work=The New York Times |date=September 28, 2015 |access-date=2018-08-05|language=en |last1=Taoko |first1=Hervé }}</ref> Djibril Bassolé and Eddie Komboïgo, who were barred from standing as presidential candidates, both had their assets frozen. Bassolé was arrested on 29 September for allegedly supporting the coup.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/burkina-faso-army-takes-position-near-presidential-guard-120626967--spt.html|title=Burkina army enters presidential guard camp, coup leader gone|access-date=2018-08-05|language=en-US}}</ref>

=== 2015 general election ===
{{Main|Burkinabé general election, 2015}}
On 13 October 2015 it was announced that general elections would be held on 29 November 2015.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/burkina-elections-delayed-until-november-29-candidates-184609953.html|title=Burkina elections to be held November 29, say candidates|access-date=2018-08-05|language=en-US|archive-date=December 10, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181210213105/https://www.yahoo.com/news/burkina-elections-delayed-until-november-29-candidates-184609953.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[Congress for Democracy and Progress]] was banned from running a presidential candidate, but was still able to participate in the parliamentary election.

The presidential election was won by [[Roch Marc Christian Kaboré]] of the [[People's Movement for Progress]] (MPP), who received 53% of the vote in the first round, negating the need for a second round. The parliamentary election was also won by MPP, which scored 34,71% of votes and won 55 seats in the National Assembly, followed by the Union of Progress and Reform (20,53%, 33 seats) and the Congress for Democracy and Progress (13,20%, 18 seats).

Kaboré was sworn in as president on 29 December 2015. On 7 January 2016 he appointed [[Paul Kaba Thieba]] as Prime Minister.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-burkina-politics-idUSKBN0UL0PC20160107|title=Burkina Faso's president names economist as prime minister|author=Reuters Editorial|work=U.S.|access-date=2018-08-05|language=en-US}}</ref>

=== 2018 status ===
The 2018 [[CIA]] ''World Factbook'' provides this updated summary. "Burkina Faso is a poor, landlocked country that depends on adequate rainfall. Irregular patterns of rainfall, poor soil, and the lack of adequate communications and other infrastructure contribute to the economy’s vulnerability to external shocks. About 80% of the population is engaged in subsistence farming and cotton is the main cash crop. The country has few natural resources and a weak industrial base. Cotton and gold are Burkina Faso’s key exports ...The country has seen an upswing in gold exploration, production, and exports."

"While the end of the political crisis has allowed Burkina Faso’s economy to resume positive growth, the country’s fragile security situation could put these gains at risk. Political insecurity in neighboring Mali, unreliable energy supplies, and poor transportation links pose long-term challenges." Civil unrest continued to be problematic, according to the report. "The country experienced terrorist attacks in its capital in 2016, 2017, and 2018 and continues to mobilize resources to counter terrorist threats." (In 2018, several governments were warning their citizens not to travel into the northern part of the country and into several provinces in the East Region.)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/quebec-woman-and-italian-friend-missing-in-burkina-faso-1.4241773|title=Quebec woman and Italian friend missing in Burkina Faso|first=Jackie|last=Dunham|website=ctvnews|date=January 5, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/traveladvisories/traveladvisories/burkina-faso-travel-advisory.html|website=Government of USA|date=11 October 2016|title=Burkina Faso Travel Advisory |access-date=6 January 2019}}</ref> The CIA report also states that "Burkina Faso's high population growth, recurring drought, pervasive and perennial food insecurity, and limited natural resources result in poor economic prospects for the majority of its citizens". The report is optimistic in some aspects, particularly the work being done with assistance by the [[International Monetary Fund]]. "A new three-year IMF program (2018-2020), approved in 2018, will allow the government to reduce the budget deficit and preserve critical spending on social services and priority public investments."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/burkina-faso/|website=Danube Travel|date=21 December 2018|title=Africa - Burkina Faso|access-date=16 January 2019}}</ref>

=== November 2020 election ===
{{Main|2020 Burkinabé general election|l1=Burkinabé general election, 2020}}

In 2020 general election, President Roch Marc Christian Kaboré was re-elected. However, his party Mouvement du people MPP, failed to reach absolute parliamentary majority. It secured 56 seats out of a total of 127. The Congress for Democracy and Progress (CDP), the party of former President Blaise Compaoré, was distant second with 20 seats.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.africanews.com/2020/11/30/burkina-faso-elections-kabore-s-party-fails-to-win-majority-parliamentary-seats/|title = Burkina Faso elections: Kabore's party fails to clinch majority parliamentary seats| newspaper=Africanews |date = November 30, 2020| author1=Africanews }}</ref>

=== 2022 military coups ===
{{main|January 2022 Burkina Faso coup d'état|September 2022 Burkina Faso coup d'état}}
On 24 January 2022, President Roch Kaboré was ousted in a military coup. Lieutenant Colonel [[Paul-Henri Sandaogo Damiba]] was the leader of Patriotic Movement for Safeguard and Restoration (MPSR), which included all sections of the army. MPSR announced that it had decided to end President Kabore's post.<ref>{{cite news |title=Burkina Faso coup: Why soldiers have overthrown President Kaboré |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-60112043 |work=BBC News |date=25 January 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Ndiaga |first1=Thiam |title=Burkina Faso army deposes president in West Africa's latest coup |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/burkina-faso-president-kabore-detained-military-camp-sources-tell-reuters-2022-01-24/ |work=Reuters |date=25 January 2022 |language=en}}</ref> On 31 January, the ruling military government appointed coup leader Paul-Henri Sandaogo Damiba as interim president. The [[African Union]] (AU) suspended the membership of Burkina Faso.<ref>{{cite news |title=Burkina Faso restores constitution, names coup leader president |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/1/31/burkina-faso-restores-constitution-names-coup-leader-president |work=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}</ref>

On 30 September 2022 the second military coup took place and Damiba was ousted over his inability to deal with an [[Jihadist insurgency in Burkina Faso|Islamist insurgency]]. Captain [[Ibrahim Traoré]] took over as interim leader.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220930-🔴-burkina-faso-army-captain-on-state-tv-announces-overthrow-of-military-government |title=Burkina Faso army captain announces overthrow of military government |work=France24 |date=30 September 2022 |access-date=30 September 2022}}</ref>  President Damiba resigned and left the country.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ndiaga |first1=Thiam |last2=Mimault |first2=Anne |title=Burkina Faso president resigns on condition coup leader guarantees his safety |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/burkina-fasos-self-declared-military-leader-says-situation-is-under-control-2022-10-02/ |work=Reuters |date=3 October 2022 |language=en}}</ref>  On 6 October 2022, Captain Ibrahim Traore was officially appointed as president of Burkina Faso.<ref>{{cite news |title=Traore officially appointed as president of Burkina Faso after coup |url=https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20221006-traore-officially-appointed-as-president-of-burkina-faso-after-coup |work=France 24 |date=6 October 2022 |language=en}}</ref>