Editing Halophile (section)

== Examples ==
''[[Halobacteriaceae]]'' is a family that includes a large part of halophilic archaea.<ref name="oren2">{{cite journal |last1=Oren |first1=Aharon |date=September 2014 |title=Taxonomy of halophilic Archaea: Current status and future challenges |journal=Extremophiles |volume=18 |issue=5 |pages=825–834 |doi=10.1007/s00792-014-0654-9 |pmid=25102811 |s2cid=5395569}}</ref> The genus ''[[Halobacterium]]'' under it has a high tolerance for elevated levels of salinity. Some species of halobacteria have acidic proteins that resist the denaturing effects of salts. ''[[Halococcus]]'' is another genus of the family Halobacteriaceae.

Some [[hypersaline lake]]s are habitat to numerous families of halophiles. For example, the [[Makgadikgadi Pans]] in [[Botswana]] form a vast, seasonal, high-salinity water body that manifests halophilic species within the [[diatom]] genus ''[[Nitzschia]]'' in the family [[Bacillariaceae]], as well as species within the genus ''[[Lovenula]]'' in the family [[Diaptomidae]].<ref>{{cite web |author=Hogan, C. Michael |date=5 December 2008 |title= Makgadikgadi – ancient settlement in Botswana |website=The Megalithic Portal |editor=Burnham, A. |url=http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=22373&mode=&order=0}} — website hosts a collection of fossil and archeological find-site profiles.</ref> Owens Lake in California also contains a large population of the halophilic bacterium ''Halobacterium halobium''.

''[[Wallemia ichthyophaga]]'' is a [[Basidiomycota|basidiomycetous]] [[fungus]], which requires at least 1.5 M [[sodium chloride]] for ''in vitro'' growth, and it thrives even in media saturated with salt.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Zalar P, Sybren de Hoog G, Schroers HJ, Frank JM, Gunde-Cimerman N | date = May 2005 | title = Taxonomy and phylogeny of the xerophilic genus Wallemia (Wallemiomycetes and Wallemiales, ''cl. et ord. nov''.) | journal = Antonie van Leeuwenhoek | volume = 87 | issue = 4 | pages = 311–28 | pmid = 15928984 | doi = 10.1007/s10482-004-6783-x | s2cid = 4821447 }}</ref> Obligate requirement for salt is an exception in fungi. Even species that can tolerate salt concentrations close to saturation (for example ''[[Hortaea werneckii]]'') in almost all cases grow well in standard microbiological media without the addition of salt.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gostincar C, Grube M, de Hoog S, Zalar P, Gunde-Cimerman N | date = January 2010 | title = Extremotolerance in fungi: evolution on the edge | journal = FEMS Microbiology Ecology | volume = 71 | issue = 1 | pages = 2–11 | pmid = 19878320 | doi = 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2009.00794.x | doi-access = free }}</ref>

The fermentation of salty foods (such as [[soy sauce]], [[douchi|Chinese fermented beans]], [[salted cod]], salted [[Anchovies as food|anchovies]], [[sauerkraut]], etc.) often involves halophiles as either essential ingredients or accidental contaminants. One example is ''[[Chromohalobacter beijerinckii]]'', found in salted beans preserved in brine and in salted [[herring]]. ''[[Tetragenococcus halophilus]]'' is found in salted anchovies and soy sauce.

''Artemia'' is a ubiquitous genus of small halophilic crustaceans living in salt lakes (such as Great Salt Lake) and solar salterns that can exist in water approaching the precipitation point of NaCl (340 g/L)<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gajardo GM, Beardmore JA | year = 2012 | title = The brine shrimp artemia: adapted to critical life conditions | language = en | journal = Frontiers in Physiology | volume = 3 | pages = 185 | pmid = 22737126 | pmc = 3381296 | doi = 10.3389/fphys.2012.00185 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = de Vos S, Van Stappen G, Vuylsteke M, Rombauts S, Bossier P |year=2018 |title=Identification of salt stress response genes using the Artemia transcriptome |journal = Aquaculture |volume = 500 |pages = 305–314 |doi=10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.09.067 |s2cid = 92842322}}</ref> and can withstand strong osmotic shocks due to its mitigating strategies for fluctuating salinity levels, such as its unique larval salt gland and osmoregulatory capacity.