Editing Guantanamo Bay Naval Base (section)

===Spanish–American War ===
{{Main|Spanish–American War|Battle of Guantánamo Bay}}
During the Spanish–American War, the [[United States Navy|U.S. fleet]] attacking Santiago<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cubanbattlefields.unl.edu/battlefields/|title=The Santiago Campaign {{!}} Battlefields {{!}} Cuban Battlefields of the Spanish-Cuban-American War|website=cubanbattlefields.unl.edu|access-date=19 April 2019}}</ref> secured [[Guantánamo]]'s harbor for protection during the [[1898 Atlantic hurricane season|hurricane season of 1898]]. The Marines landed at Guantanamo Bay with naval support, and American and Cuban forces routed the defending Spanish troops. There is a monument on McCalla Hill to one Navy officer and five Marines who died in battle at Guantanamo Bay.<ref>{{cite news |title=Dayhoff: Happy Birthday, United States Marine Corps |url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/maryland/carroll/opinion/cc-lt-dayhoff-111118-story.html |access-date=17 October 2021 |date=9 November 2018}}</ref>

The war ended with the [[Treaty of Paris (1898)|Treaty of Paris of 1898]], in which Spain formally relinquished control of Cuba. Although the war was over, the United States maintained a strong military presence on the island. In 1901 the United States government passed the [[Platt Amendment]] as part of an Army Appropriations Bill.<ref name=commentary>[http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=55 1901 Platt Amendment commentary] at the United States Archives online</ref> Section VII of this amendment read

{{Blockquote|That to enable the United States to maintain the independence of Cuba, and to protect the people thereof, as well as for its own defense, the government of Cuba will sell or lease to the United States lands necessary for coaling or naval stations at certain specified points to be agreed upon with the President of the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Our Documents - Transcript of Platt Amendment (1903)|url=https://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=false&doc=55&page=transcript|access-date=2021-03-17|website=www.ourdocuments.gov}}</ref>|source=}}

After initial resistance by the Cuban Constitutional Convention, the Platt Amendment was incorporated into the [[1901 Constitution of Cuba|Constitution]] of the [[Republic of Cuba (1902–59)|Republic of Cuba]] in 1901.<ref>{{cite news|title=The Platt Amendment is Accepted by Cuba|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1901/06/13/117760953.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204131202/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1901/06/13/117760953.pdf |archive-date=2021-02-04 |url-status=live |access-date=29 February 2016|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=13 June 1901}}</ref> The Constitution took effect in 1902, and land for a naval base at Guantanamo Bay was granted to the United States the following year.<ref name="Lease 1">[http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/dip_cuba002.asp ''Agreement Between the United States and Cuba for the Lease of Lands for Coaling and Naval stations''], 1903.</ref>