Editing Geography of Georgia (country) (section)

==Climate==
[[File:Koppen-Geiger_Map_v2_GEO_1991–2020.svg|thumb|Köppen climate classification regions.]]
Georgia's climate is affected by [[Humid temperate climate|temperate humid]] influences from the west and [[Continental climate|continental]] influences from the east.<ref name=":02" /> The Greater Caucasus range moderates local climate by serving as a barrier against cold air from the north.<ref name=":02" /> Warm, moist air from the Black Sea moves easily into the coastal lowlands from the west.<ref name=":02" /> Climatic zones are determined by distance from the Black Sea and by altitude.<ref name=":02" /> Along the Black Sea coast, from Abkhazia to the Turkish border, and in the region known as the [[Colchis Lowland]] inland from the coast, the dominant subtropical climate features high humidity and heavy precipitation ({{convert|1000|to|2000|mm|in|1|abbr=on|disp=or}} per year; the Black Sea port of Batumi receives {{convert|2500|mm|in|1|abbr=on|disp=or}} per year).<ref name=":02" /> Several varieties of [[Arecaceae|palm trees]] and [[citrus]] grow in these regions, where the midwinter average temperature is {{convert|5|°C|lk=on}} and the midsummer average is {{convert|22|°C|1}}.<ref name=":02" />

The plains of eastern Georgia are shielded from the influence of the Black Sea by mountains that provide a more [[continental climate]].<ref name=":02" /> Summer temperatures average {{convert|20|to|24|°C|1}}, winter temperatures {{convert|2|to|4|°C|1}}.<ref name=":02" /> Humidity is lower, and rainfall averages {{convert|500|to|800|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} per year.<ref name=":02" /> [[Alpine climate|Alpine]] and [[highland (geography)|highland]] regions in the east and west, as well as a [[semi-arid]] region on the [[Iori Plateau]] to the southeast, have distinct microclimates.<ref name=":02" />

At higher elevations, precipitation is sometimes twice as heavy as in the eastern plains.<ref name=":02" /> In the west, the climate is subtropical to about {{convert|650|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}; above that altitude (and to the north and east) is a band of moist and moderately warm weather, then a band of cool and wet conditions.<ref name=":02" /> Alpine conditions begin at about {{convert|2100|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}, and above {{convert|3600|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} snow and ice are present year-round.<ref name=":02" />

{{Weather box
|location = Tbilisi (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1881–present)
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|width = auto
|collapsed = Yes 
|Jan record high C = 19.5
|Feb record high C = 22.4
|Mar record high C = 28.9
|Apr record high C = 34.4
|May record high C = 35.1
|Jun record high C = 40.2
|Jul record high C = 42.0
|Aug record high C = 40.4
|Sep record high C = 37.9
|Oct record high C = 33.3
|Nov record high C = 27.2
|Dec record high C = 22.8
|year record high C = 42.0
|Jan high C = 6.6
|Feb high C = 7.7
|Mar high C = 12.6
|Apr high C = 18.9
|May high C = 23.1
|Jun high C = 28.1
|Jul high C = 31.2
|Aug high C = 30.9
|Sep high C = 26.4
|Oct high C = 19.8
|Nov high C = 12.8
|Dec high C = 8.4
|year high C = 18.9
|Jan mean C = 2.3
|Feb mean C = 3.1
|Mar mean C = 7.2
|Apr mean C = 12.7
|May mean C = 17.2
|Jun mean C = 21.7
|Jul mean C = 24.9
|Aug mean C = 24.7
|Sep mean C = 20.2
|Oct mean C = 14.2
|Nov mean C = 7.9
|Dec mean C = 3.7
|year mean C = 13.3
|Jan low C = -0.8
|Feb low C = 0.0
|Mar low C = 3.2
|Apr low C = 8.4
|May low C = 12.4
|Jun low C = 16.5
|Jul low C = 19.8
|Aug low C = 19.5
|Sep low C = 15.4
|Oct low C = 10.4
|Nov low C = 4.9
|Dec low C = 1.3
|year low C = 9.3
|Jan record low C = -24.4
|Feb record low C = −14.8
|Mar record low C = −12.8
|Apr record low C = -3.8
|May record low C = 1.0
|Jun record low C = 6.3
|Jul record low C = 9.3
|Aug record low C = 8.9
|Sep record low C = 0.8
|Oct record low C = -6.4
|Nov record low C = −7.1
|Dec record low C = −20.5
|year record low C = -24.4
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 21
|Feb precipitation mm = 23
|Mar precipitation mm = 29
|Apr precipitation mm = 51
|May precipitation mm = 92
|Jun precipitation mm = 85
|Jul precipitation mm = 49
|Aug precipitation mm = 37
|Sep precipitation mm = 27
|Oct precipitation mm = 41
|Nov precipitation mm = 29
|Dec precipitation mm = 23
|year precipitation mm = 507
|Jan humidity = 74
|Feb humidity = 72
|Mar humidity = 68
|Apr humidity = 66
|May humidity = 67
|Jun humidity = 64
|Jul humidity = 61
|Aug humidity = 62
|Sep humidity = 66
|Oct humidity = 73
|Nov humidity = 76
|Dec humidity = 76
|year humidity = 69
|Jan rain days = 4
|Feb rain days = 4
|Mar rain days = 8
|Apr rain days = 12
|May rain days = 12
|Jun rain days = 10
|Jul rain days = 7
|Aug rain days = 8
|Sep rain days = 9
|Oct rain days = 10
|Nov rain days = 10
|Dec rain days = 6
|year rain days = 100
|Jan snow days = 6
|Feb snow days = 8
|Mar snow days = 3
|Apr snow days = 0.1
|May snow days = 0
|Jun snow days = 0
|Jul snow days = 0
|Aug snow days = 0
|Sep snow days = 0
|Oct snow days = 0.1
|Nov snow days = 1
|Dec snow days = 4
|year snow days = 22
|Jan sun = 99
|Feb sun = 102
|Mar sun = 142
|Apr sun = 171
|May sun = 213
|Jun sun = 249
|Jul sun = 256
|Aug sun = 248
|Sep sun = 206
|Oct sun = 164
|Nov sun = 103
|Dec sun = 93
|year sun = 2046
|source 1 = Pogoda.ru.net<ref name=Tbilisipogoda>{{cite web
| url = http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate2/37545.htm
| script-title = ru:Погода и Климат
| publisher = Pogodaiklimat.ru
| language = ru
| access-date = 19 October 2016
| archive-date = 22 March 2021
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210322113406/http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate2/37545.htm
| url-status = live
}}</ref> 
|source 2 = NOAA (Sunshine hours 1961–1990)<ref name=NOAATbilisi >{{cite web
| url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_VI/GA/37549.TXT
| title = Tbilisi/Novoalexeye Climate Normals 1961–1990
| publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]
| access-date = 19 October 2016}}</ref>

}}

{{Weather box 
|width= auto
|metric first= Yes 
|single line= Yes 
|location= Mta-Sabueti (1991-2020, extremes 1981-2020) {{coord|42|02|N|43|28|E}}
|collapsed = Yes

|precipitation colour=green
|Jan precipitation mm = 150.1
|Feb precipitation mm = 124.8
|Mar precipitation mm = 118.6
|Apr precipitation mm = 78.6
|May precipitation mm = 94.2
|Jun precipitation mm = 79.6
|Jul precipitation mm = 54.3
|Aug precipitation mm = 54.1
|Sep precipitation mm = 69.3
|Oct precipitation mm = 89.4
|Nov precipitation mm = 122.8
|Dec precipitation mm = 128.1

|Jan record high C = 13.3
|Feb record high C = 16.4
|Mar record high C = 19.4
|Apr record high C = 27.8
|May record high C = 26.5
|Jun record high C = 30.0
|Jul record high C = 31.1
|Aug record high C = 34.4
|Sep record high C = 31.4
|Oct record high C = 26.1
|Nov record high C = 23.6
|Dec record high C = 15.9
|year record high C = 34.4
| Jan high C  =0.3
| Feb high C  =1.0
| Mar high C  =5.1
| Apr high C  =11.2
| May high C  =16.0
| Jun high C  =19.5
| Jul high C  =22.1
| Aug high C  =23.1
| Sep high C  =18.8
| Oct high C  =13.4
| Nov high C  =6.7
| Dec high C  =2.0
| year high C =
| Jan mean C  =-2.5
| Feb mean C  =-2.3
| Mar mean C  =0.9
| Apr mean C  =5.9
| May mean C  =10.8
| Jun mean C  =14.4
| Jul mean C  =17.0
| Aug mean C  =17.7
| Sep mean C  =13.7
| Oct mean C  =8.9
| Nov mean C  =3.2
| Dec mean C  =-0.8
| year mean C =
|Jan low C= -4.7 
|Feb low C= -4.8
|Mar low C= -2.0
|Apr low C=  2.3
|May low C=  7.1
|Jun low C= 10.7
|Jul low C= 13.5
|Aug low C= 13.9
|Sep low C= 10.2
|Oct low C=  5.9
|Nov low C=  0.7
|Dec low C= -3.0
|Jan record low C = -18.3
|Feb record low C = −18.2
|Mar record low C = −14.6
|Apr record low C = -11.8
|May record low C = -2.2
|Jun record low C = 0.1
|Jul record low C = 3.1
|Aug record low C = 5.0
|Sep record low C = 1.6
|Oct record low C = -5.2
|Nov record low C = −8.6
|Dec record low C = −13.4
|year record low C = -18.3

| unit precipitation days =  1.0 mm
| Jan precipitation days  =14.2
| Feb precipitation days  =13.8
| Mar precipitation days  =14.9
| Apr precipitation days  =12.2
| May precipitation days  =13.4
| Jun precipitation days  =12.4
| Jul precipitation days  =10.3
| Aug precipitation days  =9.2
| Sep precipitation days  =9.5
| Oct precipitation days  =10.7
| Nov precipitation days  =11.3
| Dec precipitation days  =13.7
| year precipitation days =145.6
     
| humidity colour =  
| time day        =  
| daily           = 
| Jan humidity    =88.7
| Feb humidity    =88.7
| Mar humidity    =86.6
| Apr humidity    =82.3
| May humidity    =84.5
| Jun humidity    =86.6
| Jul humidity    =86.2
| Aug humidity    =83.7
| Sep humidity    =85.8
| Oct humidity    =87.9
| Nov humidity    =87
| Dec humidity    =88.2
| year humidity   =

|source = [[NCEI]]<ref name="ncei91">{{cite web |title=WMO Climate Normals for 1991-2020: Mta-Sabueti-37665 |url=https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Georgia/CSV/MtaSabueti_37665.csv |website=ncei.noaa.gov |publisher=[[NOAA]] |access-date=17 March 2024 |format=CSV}}</ref><ref name="Clino81">{{cite web |title=WMO Climate Normals for 1981-2010: Mta Sabueti |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1981-2010/RA-VI/Georgia/WMO_Normals_Georgia.xls |website=ncei.noaa.gov |publisher=[[NOAA]] |access-date=17 March 2024 |page=6 |format=XLS}}</ref>
}}